67 posts · 52,032 views
The aim of the blog is to highlight and discuss theories, models, research and other interesting stuff that might have an impact on the work of careers education and guidance.
David Winter
67 posts
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- September 26, 2012
- 08:55 AM
- 185 views
Interview confidence
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A couple of months back someone asked a very interesting question on Careers Debate about how one expresses and demonstrates confidence in one’s area of expertise at an interview whilst avoiding self-aggrandisement. Is it just a question of body language and non-verbal communication, or are there other clues that you can give in the way that [...]... Read more »
Friedman RS, & Förster J. (2005) Effects of motivational cues on perceptual asymmetry: implications for creativity and analytical problem solving. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88(2), 263-75. PMID: 15841858
- September 14, 2012
- 06:14 AM
- 236 views
Four pathways to meaning
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Regular readers of this blog will know that a recurring theme is the notion of meaning in our working lives. I’m also a big fan of simple models and frameworks to help structure and analyse complex ideas. So, I was excited to discover an article which not only conducted an extensive review of the literature of [...]... Read more »
Rosso, B.D., Dekas, K.H., & Wrzesniewski, A. (2010) On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 91-127. DOI: 10.1016/j.riob.2010.09.001
- August 17, 2012
- 10:44 AM
- 159 views
Story crafting
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A paper recently published in the International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance explains an approach to narrative-based careers counselling originating from a systems theory framework through ‘three levels of story crafting questions’. In the article, the authors talk about the role of the careers counsellor in helping the client to develop their disconnected stories [...]... Read more »
McMahon, Mary, & Watson, Mark. (2012) Story crafting: strategies for facilitating narrative career counselling. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance. DOI: 10.1007/s10775-012-9228-5
- July 27, 2012
- 06:05 AM
- 220 views
A measure of success
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
One of the significant changes in the new Matrix quality assurance framework for careers services is an increased emphasis on evaluating the outcomes of our work with clients. The most significant changes are the increased focus on outcomes, competence of staff, commitment to continuous improvement, service delivery linked to outcomes and responses to information technology [...]... Read more »
Bernes, K.B., Bardick, A.D., & Orr, D.T. (2007) Career guidance and counselling efficacy studies: an international research agenda. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 7(2), 81-95. DOI: 10.1007/s10775-007-9114-8
Lally, P., van Jaarsveld, C.H.M., Potts, H.W.W., & Wardle, J. (2010) How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40(6), 998-1009. DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.674
Maguire, M. (2004) Measuring the outcomes of career guidance. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 4(2-3), 179-192. info:/10.1007/s10775-005-1022-1
Schedin, Gunnar, & Armelius, Kerstin. (2008) Does self-image matter? Client's self-image, behaviour and evaluation of a career counselling session: an exploratory study. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 30(3), 189-201. DOI: 10.1007/s10447-008-9057-x
- June 25, 2012
- 05:25 AM
- 234 views
Self creation or self discovery?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
What metaphor do you use to describe the development of your sense of identity or self knowledge? Do you think about increasing self awareness as an act of self discovery? As you find out new things about yourself, are you just uncovering what is already there? Are you seeking to reveal more about your ‘true [...]... Read more »
Schlegel, R., Vess, M., & Arndt, J. (2011) To Discover or To Create: Metaphors and the True Self. Journal of Personality. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00753.x
- June 14, 2012
- 06:36 AM
- 464 views
The alternative self
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A few years ago I went to see Our House the musical based on the songs of Madness. The music was good. The choreography was good too. But what I really liked was the story, which was quite imaginative for a jukebox musical. It tells the story of Joe Casey, who does something stupid to [...]... Read more »
OBODARU, O. (2012) THE SELF NOT TAKEN: HOW ALTERNATIVE SELVES DEVELOP AND HOW THEY INFLUENCE OUR PROFESSIONAL LIVES. Academy of Management Review, 37(1), 34-57. DOI: 10.5465/armr.2009.0358
- May 4, 2012
- 06:39 AM
- 456 views
Five employability mindsets
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
As I have just started teaching on the Chartered Management Institute Level 5 Diploma at the University of London, I thought it would be sensible to continue my recent activity of applying management theories and models to the world of careers coaching. Most of the early conversations about employability and career management tended to focus [...]... Read more »
Gosling J, & Mintzberg H. (2003) The five minds of a manager. Harvard business review, 81(11), 54. PMID: 14619151
- March 27, 2012
- 10:21 AM
- 524 views
Do companies have personalities?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
When clients talk about the kind of organisations they would like to work for, what words do they use? Creative? Friendly? Responsible? Supportive? Generous? Blue-chip? Successful? Dynamic? Well-known? Stable? The list could go on and on. However, according to one group of researchers, when we evaluate an organisation we tend to use four main dimensions [...]... Read more »
Otto, P., Chater, N., & Stott, H. (2011) The psychological representation of corporate ‘personality’. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 25(4), 605-614. DOI: 10.1002/acp.1729
- March 14, 2012
- 07:08 AM
- 327 views
Losing the plot
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A couple of weeks ago I ran a workshop for wonderful bunch of university careers advisers in Dublin. I’m still not sure that we settled on a title for the workshop but the basic idea was to apply new and interesting models and theories to give a fresh perspective on careers guidance practice. I think [...]... Read more »
Pryor, R., & Bright, J. (2008) Archetypal narratives in career counselling: a chaos theory application. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 8(2), 71-82. DOI: 10.1007/s10775-008-9138-8
- February 21, 2012
- 06:50 AM
- 842 views
Analysing your stakeholders
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Here is another bit of management theory that could be usefully applied to careers work… Many career theories address the influence of other people on an individual’s career choice. For example, Community Interaction theory looks at the mechanisms by which peers, parents, ethnic groups, etc., influence individual career decisions. Clients often have to take into [...]... Read more »
Mitchell, R., Agle, B., & Wood, D. (1997) Toward a Theory of Stakeholder Identification and Salience: Defining the Principle of Who and What Really Counts. The Academy of Management Review, 22(4), 853-886. DOI: 10.2307/259247
- February 2, 2012
- 06:54 AM
- 374 views
What’s your strategy?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
At the end of last year I taught a Chartered Management Institute Level 3 Leadership and Management course. It was great fun as it allowed me to play with various leadership and management theories and apply them to practical situations. During the course, we touched on strategic planning and I came across an interesting model/theory [...]... Read more »
Chaffee, E. (1985) Three Models of Strategy. The Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 89. DOI: 10.2307/258215
- January 5, 2012
- 11:23 AM
- 867 views
New year, new identity?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
It’s a new year — the end of one chapter and the beginning of another — a time to change. The more dramatic the change, the more likely it is to lead to a transformation of your identity. Some changes involve integrating into new environments, building new relationships and developing new behaviours. You may have [...]... Read more »
Ibarra, H., & Barbulescu, R. (2010) Identity as narrative: Prevalence, effectiveness, and consequences of narrative identity work in macro work role transitions. Academy of Management Review, 35(1), 135-154. DOI: 10.5465/AMR.2010.45577925
- December 8, 2011
- 06:02 AM
- 831 views
The complexity of self-esteem
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Self-esteem can play an important part in career success. This has been on my mind quite a bit in recent weeks. I have been doing a lot of work with people involved in organisational restructuring. Even when they are not facing redundancy, they are often having to deal with the prospect of applying for roles [...]... Read more »
Kim, Y., & Chiu, C. (2011) Emotional costs of inaccurate self-assessments: Both self-effacement and self-enhancement can lead to dejection. Emotion, 11(5), 1096-1104. DOI: 10.1037/a0025478
Kim, Y., Chiu, C., & Zou, Z. (2010) Know thyself: Misperceptions of actual performance undermine achievement motivation, future performance, and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99(3), 395-409. DOI: 10.1037/a0020555
Koole, S., Govorun, O., Cheng, C., & Gallucci, M. (2009) Pulling yourself together: Meditation promotes congruence between implicit and explicit self-esteem. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45(6), 1220-1226. DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.05.018
Schröder-Abé, M., Rudolph, A., & Schütz, A. (2007) High implicit self-esteem is not necessarily advantageous: discrepancies between explicit and implicit self-esteem and their relationship with anger expression and psychological health. European Journal of Personality, 21(3), 319-339. DOI: 10.1002/per.626
Tice, D., & Baumeister, R. (1990) Self-Esteem, Self-Handicapping, and Self-Presentation: The Strategy of Inadequate Practice. Journal of Personality, 58(2), 443-464. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1990.tb00237.x
- November 24, 2011
- 12:45 PM
- 621 views
How stable are work values?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
How much do your work values change over time? Are there times when your work values change more than others? How much are your work values influenced by what is happening around you? Do you adjust your values according to what is available to you? Do some generations have more stable work values than others? [...]... Read more »
Jin, J., & Rounds, J. (2011) Stability and change in work values: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Vocational Behavior. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2011.10.007
- October 12, 2011
- 09:59 AM
- 651 views
Overcoming the self-fulfilling prophecy of social rejection
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Way back in 2009 I wrote about the social rejection self-fulfilling prophecy. This relates to the unfortunate fact that if you are expecting someone you meet for the first time not to like you, you tend to behave more distantly towards them, which increases the chances that they won’t like you. The reverse is also [...]... Read more »
Stinson, D., Logel, C., Shepherd, S., & Zanna, M. (2011) Rewriting the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy of Social Rejection: Self-Affirmation Improves Relational Security and Social Behavior up to 2 Months Later. Psychological Science, 22(9), 1145-1149. DOI: 10.1177/0956797611417725
- October 6, 2011
- 06:42 AM
- 677 views
How many needs?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
According to Maslow we have five (or is it eight?). However, many other people have thought about what human beings need to be happy and fulfilled, what we strive for and what motivates us, they have come up with some different numbers. ERG Theory (3 needs) Clayton Alderfer (1969) set about rearranging Maslow’s needs. Rather [...]... Read more »
Deci, E., & Ryan, R. (2000) The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Rouse, K. (2004) Beyond Maslow's hierarchy of needs what do people strive for?. Performance Improvement, 43(10), 27-31. DOI: 10.1002/pfi.4140431008
- September 27, 2011
- 06:32 AM
- 891 views
Approach or avoidance matching
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A few weeks ago I wrote about regulatory focus theory (approach and avoidance motivations) and its possible impact on your career satisfaction. To summarise quickly: approach or promotion focus is about trying to achieve positive outcomes, whereas avoidance or prevention focus is about trying to preclude negative outcomes. Different types of goals and situations can [...]... Read more »
Righetti, F., Finkenauer, C., & Rusbult, C. (2011) The benefits of interpersonal regulatory fit for individual goal pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(4), 720-736. DOI: 10.1037/a0023592
- September 13, 2011
- 07:40 AM
- 1,083 views
Is your work meaningful?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Rachel Mulvey’s post last week on the existential nature of continuing professional development has turned my thoughts once again to the concept of meaningfulness. Partly inspired by Rachel’s idea, I have been writing an article for the Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling on the use of narrative techniques in reflective [...]... Read more »
Joske, W. (1974) Philosophy and the meaning of life. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 52(2), 93-104. DOI: 10.1080/00048407412341101
- September 1, 2011
- 05:57 AM
- 1,910 views
What we should be teaching in interview training
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Every now and again during interview coaching, I will stop and ask the client, “What do you think I’m looking for with that question?”. Having read an article by some organisational psychologists at the University of Zurich (Kleinmann et al., 2011), I’m going to ask that question a lot more. In various studies these researchers [...]... Read more »
Kleinmann, M., Ingold, P., Lievens, F., Jansen, A., Melchers, K., & Konig, C. (2011) A different look at why selection procedures work: The role of candidates' ability to identify criteria. Organizational Psychology Review, 1(2), 128-146. DOI: 10.1177/2041386610387000
- August 17, 2011
- 06:04 AM
- 767 views
Universal needs?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
What are the fundamental human needs? What things, if we get them, will make us happy human beings? Are there such things as universal human needs, that everyone in every society would identify with, or does it depend on your personality and cultural background? In an earlier post on Maslow’s classic hierarchy of needs, I mentioned [...]... Read more »
Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2011) Needs and subjective well-being around the world. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(2), 354-365. DOI: 10.1037/a0023779
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