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Brain Blogger covers topics from multidimensional biopsychosocial perspectives. It reviews the latest news and stories related to neuroscience, psychiatry, and neurology. It serves as a focal point for attracting new minds beyond the science of the mind-and-brain and into the biopsychosocial model.
Shaheen Lakhan
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- October 23, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 220 views
Pacifier Use Detrimental to Emotional Health
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
New parents have a lot of decisions to make regarding their children’s physical well-being, many of which can be controversial: feed on demand or feed on a schedule, breastfeed or bottle-feed, circumcision or no circumcision, vaccines or no vaccines. Now, parents are getting mixed messages about a once-universal baby accessory that no one thought twice [...]... Read more »
Hauck FR, Omojokun OO, & Siadaty MS. (2005) Do pacifiers reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome? A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 116(5). PMID: 16216900
Keim SA, Fletcher EN, TePoel MR, & McKenzie LB. (2012) Injuries associated with bottles, pacifiers, and sippy cups in the United States, 1991-2010. Pediatrics, 129(6), 1104-10. PMID: 22585773
Sexton S, & Natale R. (2009) Risks and benefits of pacifiers. American family physician, 79(8), 681-5. PMID: 19405412
Soxman JA. (2007) Non-nutritive sucking with a pacifier: pros and cons. General dentistry, 55(1), 59. PMID: 17333970
- October 20, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 153 views
Obesity – Food Takes Over The Brain
by Shefali Sabharanjak, PhD in Brain Blogger
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), we will have 700 million obese and 2.3 billion overweight people, worldwide, by the year 2015. Obesity stems from excessive intake of energy and/or storage of excess energy in adipose tissues. Numerous studies on obesity have focused on the role of the digestive, adipose and muscular systems. Emergent [...]... Read more »
Burguera B, Couce ME, Curran GL, Jensen MD, Lloyd RV, Cleary MP, & Poduslo JF. (2000) Obesity is associated with a decreased leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier in rats. Diabetes, 49(7), 1219-23. PMID: 10909981
Park HR, Park M, Choi J, Park KY, Chung HY, & Lee J. (2010) A high-fat diet impairs neurogenesis: involvement of lipid peroxidation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Neuroscience letters, 482(3), 235-9. PMID: 20670674
Posey KA, Clegg DJ, Printz RL, Byun J, Morton GJ, Vivekanandan-Giri A, Pennathur S, Baskin DG, Heinecke JW, Woods SC.... (2009) Hypothalamic proinflammatory lipid accumulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 296(5). PMID: 19116375
Townsend KL, Lorenzi MM, & Widmaier EP. (2008) High-fat diet-induced changes in body mass and hypothalamic gene expression in wild-type and leptin-deficient mice. Endocrine, 33(2), 176-88. PMID: 18483882
Wang H, Storlien LH, & Huang XF. (2002) Effects of dietary fat types on body fatness, leptin, and ARC leptin receptor, NPY, and AgRP mRNA expression. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 282(6). PMID: 12006366
- October 17, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 149 views
Retain Your Memory with a Brighter Smile
by Amy Wong, MS in Brain Blogger
It is common sense that practicing good oral hygiene equates to healthier gums and teeth. Not only does it diminish the number of cavities, gingivitis, and promote proper healing and regeneration of the oral tissues, but the general public would be gratefully spared from the pungent smells of bad breath. Recently, Paganini-Hill and colleagues reported [...]... Read more »
Avlund K, Holm-Pedersen P, Morse DE, Viitanen M, & Winblad B. (2004) Tooth loss and caries prevalence in very old Swedish people: the relationship to cognitive function and functional ability. Gerodontology, 21(1), 17-26. PMID: 15074536
Chalmers JM, Hodge C, Fuss JM, Spencer AJ, & Carter KD. (2002) The prevalence and experience of oral diseases in Adelaide nursing home residents. Australian dental journal, 47(2), 123-30. PMID: 12139265
Meurman JH, & Hämäläinen P. (2006) Oral health and morbidity--implications of oral infections on the elderly. Gerodontology, 23(1), 3-16. PMID: 16433636
Paganini-Hill A, White SC, & Atchison KA. (2012) Dentition, dental health habits, and dementia: the leisure world cohort study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(8), 1556-63. PMID: 22860988
Stewart R, & Hirani V. (2007) Dental health and cognitive impairment in an English national survey population. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(9), 1410-4. PMID: 17767683
Wu B, Plassman BL, Crout RJ, & Liang J. (2008) Cognitive function and oral health among community-dwelling older adults. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 63(5), 495-500. PMID: 18511753
- October 14, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 153 views
Smoking and Adolescent Brain Development
by Shefali Sabharanjak, PhD in Brain Blogger
When it comes to substance abuse like smoking or abuse of intoxicating drugs, it is very difficult to determine what a “safe” limit of exposure is. Quite often, the initial exposure to mood altering substances like nicotine occurs during the teenage years. The period of adolescence is marked by a tendency towards risk-taking behavior which [...]... Read more »
Adriani W, Macrì S, Pacifici R, & Laviola G. (2002) Peculiar vulnerability to nicotine oral self-administration in mice during early adolescence. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 27(2), 212-24. PMID: 12093595
Counotte DS, Goriounova NA, Moretti M, Smoluch MT, Irth H, Clementi F, Schoffelmeer AN, Mansvelder HD, Smit AB, Gotti C.... (2012) Adolescent nicotine exposure transiently increases high-affinity nicotinic receptors and modulates inhibitory synaptic transmission in rat medial prefrontal cortex. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 26(5), 1810-20. PMID: 22308197
Goriounova NA, & Mansvelder HD. (2012) Nicotine exposure during adolescence alters the rules for prefrontal cortical synaptic plasticity during adulthood. Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience, 3. PMID: 22876231
Goriounova NA, & Mansvelder HD. (2012) Nicotine exposure during adolescence leads to short- and long-term changes in spike timing-dependent plasticity in rat prefrontal cortex. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 32(31), 10484-93. PMID: 22855798
Kawai HD, Kang HA, & Metherate R. (2011) Heightened nicotinic regulation of auditory cortex during adolescence. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 31(40), 14367-77. PMID: 21976522
Kota D, Robinson SE, & Imad Damaj M. (2009) Enhanced nicotine reward in adulthood after exposure to nicotine during early adolescence in mice. Biochemical pharmacology, 78(7), 873-9. PMID: 19576867
- October 11, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 156 views
What Make Us Moral?
by Marcia Malory, BA in Brain Blogger
In the 1962 novel A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess, doctors attempt to cure a violent, murderous psychopath using psychological conditioning — forcing him to endure disturbing physical reactions while witnessing acts of violence. Today, neuroscientists are studying how we use our brains to make moral decisions, and what we can do for people who [...]... Read more »
Fumagalli M, & Priori A. (2012) Functional and clinical neuroanatomy of morality. Brain : a journal of neurology, 135(Pt 7), 2006-21. PMID: 22334584
Young L, & Dungan J. (2012) Where in the brain is morality? Everywhere and maybe nowhere. Social neuroscience, 7(1), 1-10. PMID: 21590587
- October 8, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 126 views
The Unfulfilled Promises of Psychotropics
by Richard Kensinger, MSW in Brain Blogger
I remember thinking over 40 years ago when I began my clinical career, that with the rapid advances made in psychotropic agents, psychotherapy would become a venture of the past. A recent editorial published in Schizophrenia Bulletin dispels my myth of becoming unemployed. Psychopharmacology is in crisis. The data are in, and it is clear [...]... Read more »
Fibiger HC. (2012) Psychiatry, the pharmaceutical industry, and the road to better therapeutics. Schizophrenia bulletin, 38(4), 649-50. PMID: 22837348
- October 5, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 144 views
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa – A Success Story
by Veronica Pamoukaghlian, MA in Brain Blogger
When I was researching to write this article, I found a piece entitled Fifteen years of bulimia, then came the miracle of CBT. The article told the story of a woman who had “seen the light” through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and linked to the clinic where she had been treated in Spain. While CBT [...]... Read more »
Openshaw C, Waller G, & Sperlinger D. (2004) Group cognitive-behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa: statistical versus clinical significance of changes in symptoms across treatment. The International journal of eating disorders, 36(4), 363-75. PMID: 15558655
Lundgren JD, Danoff-Burg S, & Anderson DA. (2004) Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa: an empirical analysis of clinical significance. The International journal of eating disorders, 35(3), 262-74. PMID: 15048942
Graham L, & Walton M. (2011) Investigating the use of CD-Rom CBT for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder in an NHS adult outpatient eating disorders service. Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy, 39(4), 443-56. PMID: 21208485
Agras WS, Walsh T, Fairburn CG, Wilson GT, & Kraemer HC. (2000) A multicenter comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa. Archives of general psychiatry, 57(5), 459-66. PMID: 10807486
Wilson GT, Fairburn CC, Agras WS, Walsh BT, & Kraemer H. (2002) Cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa: time course and mechanisms of change. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 70(2), 267-74. PMID: 11952185
Shapiro JR, Berkman ND, Brownley KA, Sedway JA, Lohr KN, & Bulik CM. (2007) Bulimia nervosa treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The International journal of eating disorders, 40(4), 321-36. PMID: 17370288
Halmi KA, Agras WS, Mitchell J, Wilson GT, Crow S, Bryson SW, & Kraemer H. (2002) Relapse predictors of patients with bulimia nervosa who achieved abstinence through cognitive behavioral therapy. Archives of general psychiatry, 59(12), 1105-9. PMID: 12470126
- October 4, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 128 views
Is Hoarding A Symptom Or A Disorder? – It’s Place in the DSM-V
by Amy Wong, MS in Brain Blogger
We have all seen it before on reality television — mound and mounds of rotten foods, unsalvageable trinkets, and even cat poop fill every nook and cranny of what was once a livable space. As we cover our mouths in disgust, we cannot help but shake our heads at the homeowners’ uncontrollable hoarding habits. Suddenly, [...]... Read more »
Anderson SW, Damasio H, & Damasio AR. (2005) A neural basis for collecting behaviour in humans. Brain : a journal of neurology, 128(Pt 1), 201-12. PMID: 15548551
Grisham JR, Norberg MM, Williams AD, Certoma SP, & Kadib R. (2010) Categorization and cognitive deficits in compulsive hoarding. Behaviour research and therapy, 48(9), 866-72. PMID: 20542489
Mataix-Cols D, Frost RO, Pertusa A, Clark LA, Saxena S, Leckman JF, Stein DJ, Matsunaga H, & Wilhelm S. (2010) Hoarding disorder: a new diagnosis for DSM-V?. Depression and anxiety, 27(6), 556-72. PMID: 20336805
Subkowski P. (2006) On the psychodynamics of collecting. The International journal of psycho-analysis, 87(Pt 2), 383-401. PMID: 16581582
- October 3, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 123 views
Smell Your Age
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
You have likely been told to act your age or look your age, but can you smell your age? According to new research, you can at least smell another person’s age. Apparently, humans can correctly identify a person’s age simply by smelling their body odor. The group of genes that makes up the olfactory (sense [...]... Read more »
Hoover KC. (2010) Smell with inspiration: the evolutionary significance of olfaction. American journal of physical anthropology, 63-74. PMID: 21086527
Mitro S, Gordon AR, Olsson MJ, & Lundström JN. (2012) The smell of age: perception and discrimination of body odors of different ages. PloS one, 7(5). PMID: 22666457
Seo HS, Buschhüter D, & Hummel T. (2008) Contextual influences on the relationship between familiarity and hedonicity of odors. Journal of food science, 73(6). PMID: 19241571
- October 2, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 149 views
Gender Competency Principles in Clinical Practice
by Richard Kensinger, MSW in Brain Blogger
Though we are of the same species and in some ways alike, women and men are uniquely different. In this article, I highlight some of the key qualities of this “differentness” as it directly relates to clinical care in behavioral health. One of my most popular trainings is the one on “Brain Sex” which focuses [...]... Read more »
Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Eshleman S, Wittchen HU, & Kendler KS. (1994) Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of general psychiatry, 51(1), 8-19. PMID: 8279933
- October 1, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 137 views
Spirituality Improves Mental Health
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
Quality of life is a subjective gauge of a person’s overall well-being and includes assessments and self-reports of physical health, mental health, functional abilities, emotional condition, social support, and spirituality. As healthcare continues to evolve and provide more complete, holistic care for patients, the importance of religion and spirituality is increasingly emphasized. And, with good [...]... Read more »
Johnstone B, Yoon DP, Cohen D, Schopp LH, McCormack G, Campbell J, & Smith M. (2012) Relationships Among Spirituality, Religious Practices, Personality Factors, and Health for Five Different Faith Traditions. Journal of religion and health. PMID: 22618413
Konopack JF, & McAuley E. (2012) Efficacy-mediated effects of spirituality and physical activity on quality of life: A path analysis. Health and quality of life outcomes, 10(1), 57. PMID: 22642832
Unterrainer HF, Lewis AJ, & Fink A. (2012) Religious/Spiritual Well-Being, Personality and Mental Health: A Review of Results and Conceptual Issues. Journal of religion and health. PMID: 22965652
Unterrainer HF, Schoeggl H, Fink A, Neuper C, & Kapfhammer HP. (2012) Soul Darkness? Dimensions of Religious/ Spiritual Well-Being among Mood-Disordered Inpatients Compared to Healthy Controls. Psychopathology, 310-6. PMID: 22797574
- September 30, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 140 views
Bath Salts – Designer Drug Danger
by Harry L Leider, MD, MBA in Brain Blogger
The media has been abuzz in recent weeks about “bath salts” — but they’re not writing headlines about the scented crystals used for bathing or Epsom salts. Bath salts are the latest designer street drug to raise alarm bells across Europe and the United States. Marketed falsely under benign-sounding names that also include “research chemicals” [...]... Read more »
Rosenbaum CD, Carreiro SP, & Babu KM. (2012) Here today, gone tomorrow…and back again? A review of herbal marijuana alternatives (K2, Spice), synthetic cathinones (bath salts), kratom, Salvia divinorum, methoxetamine, and piperazines. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 8(1), 15-32. PMID: 22271566
Prosser JM, & Nelson LS. (2012) The toxicology of bath salts: a review of synthetic cathinones. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology, 8(1), 33-42. PMID: 22108839
- September 29, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 143 views
Your Baby’s Brain on Sunshine – Vitamin D and Neurodevelopment
by Leslie Jellen, PhD in Brain Blogger
We’ve long associated vitamin D deficiency with rickets, but autism? Schizophrenia? Depression? The past decade of research has cast light on a new role for the sunshine vitamin and there’s a growing consensus: vitamin D deficiency doesn’t just harm developing bones—it harms the developing brain. Known as the sunshine vitamin because its primary source in [...]... Read more »
Eyles DW, Burne TH, & McGrath JJ. (2012) Vitamin D, effects on brain development, adult brain function and the links between low levels of vitamin D and neuropsychiatric disease. Frontiers in neuroendocrinology. PMID: 22796576
Wagner CL, Taylor SN, Dawodu A, Johnson DD, & Hollis BW. (2012) Vitamin D and its role during pregnancy in attaining optimal health of mother and fetus. Nutrients, 4(3), 208-30. PMID: 22666547
Kesby JP, Eyles DW, Burne TH, & McGrath JJ. (2011) The effects of vitamin D on brain development and adult brain function. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 347(1-2), 121-7. PMID: 21664231
- September 28, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 122 views
Mental Healthcare on the Go – There’s an App for That
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
Mental health problems often begin in adolescence and young adulthood and can lead to poor academic performance, social dysfunction, substance abuse and suicide. Therefore, early intervention is essential. However, detection and management of mental health disorders, especially among young people, is challenging due to many patient- and physician-related barriers. Now, physicians are turning to technology [...]... Read more »
Kauer SD, Reid SC, Crooke AH, Khor A, Hearps SJ, Jorm AF, Sanci L, & Patton G. (2012) Self-monitoring using mobile phones in the early stages of adolescent depression: randomized controlled trial. Journal of medical Internet research, 14(3). PMID: 22732135
Merry S, McDowell H, Hetrick S, Bir J, & Muller N. (2004) Psychological and/or educational interventions for the prevention of depression in children and adolescents. Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online). PMID: 14974014
Reid SC, Kauer SD, Hearps SJ, Crooke AH, Khor AS, Sanci LA, & Patton GC. (2011) A mobile phone application for the assessment and management of youth mental health problems in primary care: a randomised controlled trial. BMC family practice, 131. PMID: 22123031
- September 27, 2012
- 07:00 AM
- 123 views
Gentlemen Prefer Brains
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
For generations, it has been an accepted — if annoying — part of the human experience that men tend to choose mates based more on physical attractiveness than intelligence. But, a new study finds that the gender roles have shifted and, now, women are guilty of looking at skin-deep characteristics when choosing a partner. Over [...]... Read more »
Candolin U. (2003) The use of multiple cues in mate choice. Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 78(4), 575-95. PMID: 14700392
Feingold A. (1992) Gender differences in mate selection preferences: a test of the parental investment model. Psychological bulletin, 112(1), 125-39. PMID: 1388281
Jennions MD, & Petrie M. (1997) Variation in mate choice and mating preferences: a review of causes and consequences. Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 72(2), 283-327. PMID: 9155244
Miller GF. (1997) Mate choice: from sexual cues to cognitive adaptations. Ciba Foundation symposium, 71. PMID: 9386908
Vakirtzis A, & Roberts SC. (2012) Human nonindependent mate choice: Is model female attractiveness everything?. Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behavior, 10(2), 225-37. PMID: 22947636
Zentner M, & Mitura K. (2012) Stepping Out of the Caveman's Shadow: Nations' Gender Gap Predicts Degree of Sex Differentiation in Mate Preferences. Psychological science. PMID: 22933455
- December 28, 2011
- 07:00 AM
- 351 views
Mind Games – Science’s Attempts at Thought Control
by Veronica Pamoukaghlian, MA in Brain Blogger
If both the past and the external world exist only in the mind, and if the mind is controllable – what then? — George Orwell, in 1984 The concept of brainwashing was first used to describe certain obscure procedures carried out in early Communist China, but the idea of “cleansing the mind” can be traced [...]... Read more »
Schell BH. (1994) The ominous shadow of the CIA has imprinted itself on the brain research community. The journal of the California Alliance for the Mentally Ill, 5(1), 38-40. PMID: 11653317
- December 25, 2011
- 07:54 AM
- 438 views
Bad Christmas Gifts – A Neuroscientific Gifting Guide
by Jordan Gaines, PhD student in Brain Blogger
Gift-giving isn’t easy — particularly during the holidays, when there are so many different people for whom to buy. It’s overwhelming and stressful, and people cope with the burden in different ways. Some, like myself, begin lists in September, all the while picking up hints from others and taking note, then making my purchases before [...]... Read more »
Dunn, E., Huntsinger, J., Lun, J., & Sinclair, S. (2008) The Gift of Similarity: How Good and Bad Gifts Influence Relationships. Social Cognition, 26(4), 469-481. DOI: 10.1521/soco.2008.26.4.469
- December 24, 2011
- 07:00 AM
- 658 views
Major Depression in the Real World – The STAR*D Trial
by Alex Kadner, PhD in Brain Blogger
Major depression is a very common and debilitating. It is characterized by low mood, changes in sleeping patterns, changes in appetite, lack of energy and a very substantial loss of quality of life. Depression may not improve for long periods of time, often years, and that someone who has experienced one episode of major depression [...]... Read more »
Kessler, R. (2003) The Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder: Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 289(23), 3095-3105. DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.23.3095
Stafford, R., Ausiello, J., Misra, B., & Saglam, D. (2000) National Patterns of Depression Treatment in Primary Care. The Primary Care Companion to The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 02(06), 211-216. DOI: 10.4088/PCC.v02n0603
Warden, D., Rush, A., Trivedi, M., Fava, M., & Wisniewski, S. (2007) The STAR*D project results: A comprehensive review of findings. Current Psychiatry Reports, 9(6), 449-459. DOI: 10.1007/s11920-007-0061-3
Preskorn SH. (2011) What Do the Terms "Drug-Specific Response/Remission Rate" and "Placebo" Really Mean?. Journal of psychiatric practice, 17(6), 420-424. PMID: 22108399
Warner-Schmidt, J., Vanover, K., Chen, E., Marshall, J., & Greengard, P. (2011) From the Cover: Antidepressant effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are attenuated by antiinflammatory drugs in mice and humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(22), 9262-9267. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1104836108
- December 21, 2011
- 07:00 AM
- 386 views
Hard Economic Times and Increased Suicide
by Amie Martin, MSW, LMSW in Brain Blogger
With another United States election around the corner, and what promises to be an exciting — if not benchmark — time in modern history, there is arguably not a person untouched by one of the hottest global and domestic issues at hand: the economy. The effects world affairs have on individuals is widely varying, depending [...]... Read more »
Falagas ME, Vouloumanou EK, Mavros MN, & Karageorgopoulos DE. (2009) Economic crises and mortality: a review of the literature. International journal of clinical practice, 63(8), 1128-35. PMID: 19624782
Gresenz CR, Stockdale SE, & Wells KB. (2000) Community effects on access to behavioral health care. Health services research, 35(1 Pt 2), 293-306. PMID: 10778816
- December 18, 2011
- 07:00 AM
- 425 views
Shyness and Social Phobia
by Jennifer Gibson, PharmD in Brain Blogger
Personalities come in all shapes and sizes. Boisterous and docile. Flamboyant and reserved. Extroverted and introverted. Sociable and shy. But, when does a normal variation in personality characteristic, such as shyness, become a medical condition? Not as often as you might think, according to a new study that observed little connection between shyness and social [...]... Read more »
Burstein M, Ameli-Grillon L, & Merikangas KR. (2011) Shyness versus social phobia in US youth. Pediatrics, 128(5), 917-25. PMID: 22007009
Burstein M, He JP, Kattan G, Albano AM, Avenevoli S, & Merikangas KR. (2011) Social phobia and subtypes in the national comorbidity survey-adolescent supplement: prevalence, correlates, and comorbidity. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 50(9), 870-80. PMID: 21871369
Cox BJ, MacPherson PS, & Enns MW. (2005) Psychiatric correlates of childhood shyness in a nationally representative sample. Behaviour research and therapy, 43(8), 1019-27. PMID: 15967173
Ginsburg GS, Kendall PC, Sakolsky D, Compton SN, Piacentini J, Albano AM, Walkup JT, Sherrill J, Coffey KA, Rynn MA.... (2011) Remission after acute treatment in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders: Findings from the CAMS. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 79(6), 806-13. PMID: 22122292
Hitchcock CA, Chavira DA, & Stein MB. (2009) Recent findings in social phobia among children and adolescents. The Israel journal of psychiatry and related sciences, 46(1), 34-44. PMID: 19728571
Schutters SI, Dominguez MD, Knappe S, Lieb R, van Os J, Schruers KR, & Wittchen HU. (2011) The association between social phobia, social anxiety cognitions and paranoid symptoms. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. PMID: 22077136
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