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Careers - in Theory
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- September 1, 2011
- 05:57 AM
- 1,929 views
What we should be teaching in interview training
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Every now and again during interview coaching, I will stop and ask the client, “What do you think I’m looking for with that question?”. Having read an article by some organisational psychologists at the University of Zurich (Kleinmann et al., 2011), I’m going to ask that question a lot more. In various studies these researchers [...]... Read more »
Kleinmann, M., Ingold, P., Lievens, F., Jansen, A., Melchers, K., & Konig, C. (2011) A different look at why selection procedures work: The role of candidates' ability to identify criteria. Organizational Psychology Review, 1(2), 128-146. DOI: 10.1177/2041386610387000
- March 1, 2011
- 05:11 AM
- 1,421 views
Questionable decisions
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Last week Lord Davis launched Women on Boards, which examines the gender imbalance at the top level in UK businesses. In 2010, women made up only 12.5% of the boards of FTSE 100 companies. The Equality and Human Rights Commission estimate that, at the current rate of change, it will take 70 years to achieve [...]... Read more »
Norton, M., Vandello, J., & Darley, J. (2004) Casuistry and Social Category Bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(6), 817-831. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.87.6.817
- June 23, 2011
- 10:54 AM
- 1,374 views
Intentional change
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
How does change happen? What motivates change? What makes a change sustainable? Richard Boyatzis, Professor of Organizational Behavior at Case Western Reserve University, has the answers… or maybe an answer: Intentional Change Theory. Professor Boyatzis has earned a mention on this blog previously for a natty little theory he developed with David Kolb (of learning [...]... Read more »
Boyatzis, R. (2006) An overview of intentional change from a complexity perspective. Journal of Management Development, 25(7), 607-623. DOI: 10.1108/02621710610678445
Boyatzis, R., & Akrivou, K. (2006) The ideal self as the driver of intentional change. Journal of Management Development, 25(7), 624-642. DOI: 10.1108/02621710610678454
Taylor, S. (2006) Why the real self is fundamental to intentional change. Journal of Management Development, 25(7), 643-656. DOI: 10.1108/02621710610678463
- May 25, 2011
- 06:20 AM
- 1,361 views
Positive Aspirations
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
I would like to thank Vinny Potter from Queen Mary, University of London for contributing this post — David I work in two distinct careers settings. One is with high-achieving students at the University of London and the other is with clients who often have few qualifications (if any) at a small job club where [...]... Read more »
Rothon, C., Arephin, M., Klineberg, E., Cattell, V., & Stansfeld, S. (2010) Structural and socio-psychological influences on adolescents’ educational aspirations and subsequent academic achievement. Social Psychology of Education, 14(2), 209-231. DOI: 10.1007/s11218-010-9140-0
- March 21, 2011
- 07:10 AM
- 1,261 views
One theory to rule them all?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
It is generally accepted that there is no ‘one’ right theory that suits every client, so how can a practitioner make some sort of sense out of the multitude of approaches that exist within the modern academic careers world (apart from following our blog of course)? Enter Patton and McMahon (1999) Systems Theory Framework of [...]... Read more »
Patton, W., & McMahon, M. (2006) The Systems Theory Framework of Career Development and Counseling: Connecting Theory and Practice. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 28(2), 153-166. DOI: 10.1007/s10447-005-9010-1
- March 15, 2011
- 08:27 AM
- 1,220 views
Success: what is it and how do you achieve it?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Are you successful in your career? How do you know? Traditionally, there are two ways of measuring career success: objective success — externally measurable things such as salary level, number of promotions, etc. subjective success — internal, psychological factors, such as level of career satisfaction, happiness, etc. These two types of success can sometimes be [...]... Read more »
Ng, T., Eby, L., Sorensen, K., & Feldman, D. (2005) Predictors of objective and subjective career success: a meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 58(2), 367-408. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00515.x
- February 22, 2011
- 05:06 AM
- 1,155 views
Purists and players
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Is four too much for you? Last week I presented a few career-style typologies that came in sets of four, but it’s entirely possible that remembering four types might be too much for you — it often is for me. So, how about just two types: Players and Purists. These two archetypes represent extreme approaches [...]... Read more »
Turner, R. (1960) Sponsored and Contest Mobility and the School System. American Sociological Review, 25(6), 855. DOI: 10.2307/2089982
- April 27, 2011
- 06:06 AM
- 1,122 views
Telling tales
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
I would like to thank Lorna Dargan from Newcastle University for contributing this guest posting. — David. Now that it’s April and work has tipped in favour of “thinking” on the doing/thinking axis, I thought I would get back to my interest in words. I’ve been reading Reid and West’s (2011) article on narrative in [...]... Read more »
Reid, H., & West, L. (2011) “Telling tales”: Using narrative in career guidance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 78(2), 174-183. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2010.10.001
- July 6, 2011
- 06:35 AM
- 1,109 views
Cultural or universal
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
In The East and West of Careers Guidance, my colleague Saiyada talked about the Jiva project promoting career development counselling in India. A recent paper by G. Arulmani (2011) expands on some of the cultural concepts that underlie this approach to careers work. I have my reservations about the research presented in the paper which [...]... Read more »
Arulmani, G. (2011) Striking the right note: the cultural preparedness approach to developing resonant career guidance programmes. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 11(2), 79-93. info:/10.1007/s10775-011-9199-y
- March 29, 2011
- 05:32 AM
- 1,107 views
More success
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Do we need more sophisticated definitions of career success? Although I have got a lot of mileage out of the journal article I wrote about in my last post — I’ve dropped snippets from it into a few talks and workshops lately — there is something very limiting about the ideas of career success used [...]... Read more »
Heslin, P. (2005) Conceptualizing and evaluating career success. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 113-136. DOI: 10.1002/job.270
- September 13, 2011
- 07:40 AM
- 1,103 views
Is your work meaningful?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Rachel Mulvey’s post last week on the existential nature of continuing professional development has turned my thoughts once again to the concept of meaningfulness. Partly inspired by Rachel’s idea, I have been writing an article for the Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling on the use of narrative techniques in reflective [...]... Read more »
Joske, W. (1974) Philosophy and the meaning of life. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 52(2), 93-104. DOI: 10.1080/00048407412341101
- April 5, 2011
- 06:44 AM
- 1,062 views
What does success mean to you?
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
In this post, I’m doggedly continuing my pursuit to explore the idea of career success. We started with a simple binary distinction: objective success versus subjective success. We realised that this was somewhat crude and that a bit more subtlety might be useful. In the previous post, we added an extra dimension about how you [...]... Read more »
Dries, N., Pepermans, R., & Carlier, O. (2008) Career success: Constructing a multidimensional model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(2), 254-267. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2008.05.005
- May 11, 2010
- 04:00 AM
- 1,051 views
The decisive moment
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Choosing an expensive item like a car can be hard enough. In 2006 Ap Dijksterhuis, a researcher from the University of Amsterdam, made things a bit harder. He gave people various items of information about a selection four of cars and asked them to choose the best option. The information had been engineered so that [...]... Read more »
Dijksterhuis, A. (2006) On Making the Right Choice: The Deliberation-Without-Attention Effect. Science, 311(5763), 1005-1007. DOI: 10.1126/science.1121629
Dijksterhuis, A. (2004) Think Different: The Merits of Unconscious Thought in Preference Development and Decision Making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(5), 586-598. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.586
Dijksterhuis, A., & Vanolden, Z. (2006) On the benefits of thinking unconsciously: Unconscious thought can increase post-choice satisfaction☆. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42(5), 627-631. DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2005.10.008
- April 13, 2011
- 12:31 PM
- 1,030 views
Social mobility needs more than paid internships
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
The UK Government recently released Opening Doors, Breaking Barriers: A Strategy for Social Mobility. The report quotes some depressing statistics about social mobility in the UK. Only one in five young people from the poorest families achieve five good GCSEs, including English and maths, compared with three quarters from the richest families. 25% of children [...]... Read more »
Lent, R. (1994) Toward a Unifying Social Cognitive Theory of Career and Academic Interest, Choice, and Performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45(1), 79-122. DOI: 10.1006/jvbe.1994.1027
- July 28, 2010
- 11:54 AM
- 972 views
Existential thoughts
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Can a model of a four-roomed apartment give insights into the existential process of career change?... Read more »
Cohen, B.N. (2003) Applying existential theory and intervention to career decision-making. Journal of Career Development, 29(3), 195-209. info:/10.1177/089484530302900306
Schultze, G., & Miller, C. (2004) The search for meaning and career development. Career Development International, 9(2), 142-152. DOI: 10.1108/13620430410526184
Hind, P. (2005) Making room for career change. Career Development International, 10(4), 268-274. DOI: 10.1108/13620430510609118
- February 14, 2011
- 06:00 AM
- 942 views
Know your type
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
In last week’s post about employability I presented four approaches to employability (Careerist, Ritualist, Rebel and Retreatist). This got me all enthusiastic about typologies that put people into boxes which describe their approach to career management and decision making. I’ve found a few, but I’m hoping that you can come up with some more for [...]... Read more »
Clarke, M. (2009) Plodders, pragmatists, visionaries and opportunists: career patterns and employability. Career Development International, 14(1), 8-28. DOI: 10.1108/13620430910933556
Greenhaus, J., Callanan, G., & Kaplan, E. (1995) The role of goal setting in career management. International Journal of Career Management, 7(5), 3-12. DOI: 10.1108/09556219510093285
- September 14, 2010
- 05:33 AM
- 923 views
Difficult decisions
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
With all the various ways in which the decision-making process could go wrong, it's a surprise that anyone ever makes any good decisions. But what exactly could go wrong? Does anyone have a list?... Read more »
Gati, I., Krausz, M., & Osipow, S. (1996) A taxonomy of difficulties in career decision making. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(4), 510-526. DOI: 10.1037/0022-0167.43.4.510
- May 5, 2010
- 05:20 AM
- 905 views
Do I still like MBTI? (Part 2)
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Having pulled apart MBTI and it's Jungian foundations in my last post, can I now reconstruct something resembling these ideas in the form of a simple model of cognitive functions?... Read more »
Reyna, V., & Brainerd, C.J. (1995) Fuzzy-trace theory: An interim synthesis. Learning and Individual Differences, 7(1), 1-75. DOI: 10.1016/1041-6080(95)90031-4
Miller, P., & Bjorklund, D.F. (1998) Contemplating Fuzzy-Trace Theory: The Gist of It, ,. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 71(2), 184-193. DOI: 10.1006/jecp.1998.2471
Krieshok, T., Black, M., & McKay, R. (2009) Career decision making: The limits of rationality and the abundance of non-conscious processes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 275-290. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2009.04.006
- September 27, 2011
- 06:32 AM
- 898 views
Approach or avoidance matching
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
A few weeks ago I wrote about regulatory focus theory (approach and avoidance motivations) and its possible impact on your career satisfaction. To summarise quickly: approach or promotion focus is about trying to achieve positive outcomes, whereas avoidance or prevention focus is about trying to preclude negative outcomes. Different types of goals and situations can [...]... Read more »
Righetti, F., Finkenauer, C., & Rusbult, C. (2011) The benefits of interpersonal regulatory fit for individual goal pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(4), 720-736. DOI: 10.1037/a0023592
- May 20, 2010
- 07:35 AM
- 882 views
Do I still like MBTI? (Part 3)
by David Winter in Careers - in Theory
Given the flaws and limitations of MBTI, is it possible to use it safely and effectively in career coaching or guidance? If you're careful, maybe.... Read more »
Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1998) RECONCILING PROCESSING DYNAMICS AND PERSONALITY DISPOSITIONS. Annual Review of Psychology, 49(1), 229-258. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.229
Michael, J. (2003) Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a Tool for Leadership Development? Apply With Caution. Journal of Leadership , 10(1), 68-81. DOI: 10.1177/107179190301000106
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