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- December 7, 2012
- 12:01 AM
- 241 views
Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Competitive Sports
by Kyle Harris in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Due to the close proximity of athletes involved in competitive sports, various infections can easily be spread from athlete to athlete. It is of the utmost importance for medical professionals charged with the care of these athletes to have a current and accurate understanding of what infections are most prevalent. The last study to look at infectious disease outbreaks in competitive sports was conducted more than 5 years ago. Collins and O’Connell completed a literature review to provide a more contemporary picture of the pathogens reported in published outbreaks in athletes.... Read more »
Collins CJ, & O'Connell B. (2012) Infectious disease outbreaks in competitive sports, 2005-2010. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(5), 516-8. PMID: 23068588
- December 5, 2012
- 12:01 AM
- 261 views
Typical vs Prolonged Recovery Time and Predictors Following Concussion in High School and College Athletes
by Stephen Stache in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
The authors of this 10-year prospective-cohort study sought to build upon the growing body of evidence in post-concussion management by following high school and college athletes to determine the typical clinical course of concussion recovery, the frequency of athletes who do not follow the typical recovery course, and what risk factors may be associated with prolonged recovery time.... Read more »
McCrea M, Guskiewicz K, Randolph C, Barr WB, Hammeke TA, Marshall SW, Powell MR, Woo Ahn K, Wang Y, & Kelly JP. (2012) Incidence, Clinical Course, and Predictors of Prolonged Recovery Time Following Sport-Related Concussion in High School and College Athletes. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 1-12. PMID: 23058235
- December 3, 2012
- 12:01 AM
- 260 views
Is EMG Biofeedback Effective at Treating Patients with Shoulder Impingement?
by Stephen Thomas in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Recently, clinicians have focused on reinstituting normal scapular motion to rehabilitate patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) since abnormal scapular motions contribute to pain and dysfunction. These abnormal scapular motions may be caused by altered neuromuscular control; for example, the upper trapezius may be more active while the lower trapezius and serratus anterior are inhibited. This imbalance is often difficult to treat and must begin with muscle reeducation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if biofeedback improves scapular motion and neuromuscular control (based on muscle activation ratios: upper trapezius/middle trapezius, upper trapezius/lower trapezius, upper trapezius/serratus anterior) in 12 healthy participants and 13 participants with SAIS.... Read more »
Huang HY, Lin JJ, Guo YL, Wang WT, & Chen YJ. (2012) EMG biofeedback effectiveness to alter muscle activity pattern and scapular kinematics in subjects with and without shoulder impingement. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. PMID: 23123099
- November 30, 2012
- 12:01 AM
- 270 views
10 Year Comparison of Surgery Techniques for Knee Cartilage Defects
by Nicole Cattano in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Osteo- and articular- chondral defects are becoming more common problems in the athletic population. While there are many options available to treat these defects, it still remains unclear which is the best option, specifically in the long-term. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective randomized study was to compare the 10 year outcomes between defects repaired with a microfracture procedure versus those repaired with an osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT).... Read more »
Gudas, R., Gudaite, A., Pocius, A., Gudiene, A., Cekanauskas, E., Monastyreckiene, E., & Basevicius, A. (2012) Ten-Year Follow-up of a Prospective, Randomized Clinical Study of Mosaic Osteochondral Autologous Transplantation Versus Microfracture for the Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Knee Joint of Athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(11), 2499-2508. DOI: 10.1177/0363546512458763
- November 28, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 235 views
Nothing to Fear but Fear Itself: Psychological Factors Related to Return to Sport Post-injury
by Laura McDonald in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
An often overlooked aspect of a clinician’s responsibility is to manage and mitigate an athlete’s psychological response to injury throughout the rehabilitation process, which is often associated with tension, low self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Self-determination theory has been applied to identify factors that may influence an athlete’s psychological response, particularly emphasizing the basic needs of autonomy (motivation), competence (fear and confidence), and relatedness (social belonging). When all three needs are met, self-motivation and psychological development are augmented and may complement our physical rehabilitation to influence a successful return to play. Ardern and colleagues performed a systematic review to evaluate if psychological factors are associated with returning to sport within the context of self-determination theory.... Read more »
Ardern CL, Taylor NF, Feller JA, & Webster KE. (2012) A systematic review of the psychological factors associated with returning to sport following injury. British Journal of Sports Medicine. PMID: 23064083
- November 26, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 174 views
Getting Closer to Tracking and Taking Down Apoptosis
by Jane McDevitt in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Apoptosis is a type of cell death that regulates tissue healing and cell density. Excessive apoptosis is associated with several degenerative pathologies including tendinopathy. However, the mechanisms of degeneration and the role of apoptosis in the progression of rotator cuff tendinopathy are not well understood. Understanding the degenerative pathway in tendinopathy could lead to better care and new therapeutic interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify apoptosis and explore the role of a key cell death pathway in partially torn supraspinatus tendons. Patients were excluded from this study if they had any factors that would influence the occurrence of apoptosis (i.e., diabetes, systemic inflammatory diseases, nicotine usage).... Read more »
Lundgreen K, Lian O, Scott A, & Engebretsen L. (2012) Increased levels of apoptosis and p53 in partial-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. PMID: 23052118
- November 20, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 241 views
Clothing Type Increases Disordered Eating Risk in Collegiate Cheerleaders
by Kyle Harris in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Due to the aesthetic nature of cheerleading, especially with increasing media coverage, cheerleaders are believed to have an increased risk of developing eating disorders. While studies have been completed on adolescent cheerleaders, little literature has addressed this issue in collegiate cheerleaders, especially with regards to the influence of clothing-related body image. Therefore, Torres-McGehee and colleagues completed a cross-sectional study of 136 NCAA division I and II cheerleaders (18-23 years old, 54 bases, 61 flyers, and 21 back spots) to (a) estimate eating disorder risk (b) examine pathogenic weight control behaviors, and (3) determine the magnitude of body image dissatisfaction relative to clothing type (comparison of daily clothing, full uniforms, and midriff uniforms).... Read more »
Torres-McGehee TM, Monsma EV, Dompier TP, & Washburn SA. (2012) Eating disorder risk and the role of clothing in collegiate cheerleaders' body images. Journal of Athletic Training, 47(5), 541-8. PMID: 23068592
- November 14, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 325 views
High School Knee Injuries
by Nicole Cattano in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Sports injury risk increases with greater participation and competitiveness that is occurring at the high school level. Previous reports have demonstrated that the prevalence of knee injuries is high among the US high school population, however, there is a lack of information reported regarding gender and sport. The purpose of this observational epidemiologic study was to report knee injury rates in the high school athletic population (including sport & the injured structure).... Read more »
Swenson DM, Collins CL, Best TM, Flanigan DC, Fields SK, & Comstock RD. (2012) Epidemiology of Knee Injuries Among US High School Athletes, 2005/06-2010/11. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. PMID: 23059869
- November 12, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 281 views
Are We Doing Enough to Plan for How Injuries Affect Players Later in Life?
by Jane McDevitt in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Australian football players are exposed to extreme physical demands, which cause disproportionately high number of injuries compared to other sports. Due to the magnitude of the physical and psychological strains most Australian Football League players have an average career of 4.7 years inevitably meaning a player pursues a second career, and there has been little research on how their football career affects the players later in life. Therefore, the authors investigated the long-term health (mental and physical) of past Australian Football League players and the effect of prior injuries on their currently lifestyle.... Read more »
King T, Rosenberg M, Braham R, Ferguson R, & Dawson B. (2012) Life after the game - Injury profile of past elite Australian Football players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. PMID: 23058879
- November 9, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 299 views
Traveling Team Doctor? You could be “Practicing without a License!”
by Stephen Stache and Marc Harwood in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
At the professional and NCAA Division I competition level, it is not uncommon for an out–of-state physician to travel with his or her team. However, an important medico-legal question has been raised with regard to this scenario: Is this traveling physician practicing medicine in a state without a license? To answer this question, Viola, et al. performed a simple yet well designed survey study with the goal of investigating if state medical licensing boards have legislation in place that exempts traveling team physicians from state licensure requirements when traveling to a non-licensed state provided that they hold an active home-state license.... Read more »
Viola T, Carlson C, Trojian TH, & Anderson J. (2012) A survey of state medical licensing boards: can the travelling team physician practice in your state?. British Journal of Sports Medicine. PMID: 23038784
- November 7, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 238 views
Jumping Ability is a Risk Factor for the Development of Jumper’s Knee
by Kyle Harris in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Jumping is essential to volleyball as it is a key component of spiking, blocking, and serving. Unfortunately, this activity will often results in the development of jumper’s knee (patellar tendonitis). The jumper’s knee paradox, where symptomatic athletes perform substantially better in counter movement jumps (CMJ; ballistic movement with rapid eccentric action followed by maximal concentric contraction) compared to asymptomatic controls, has never been adequately explained in the literature. Therefore, Visnes and colleagues performed a 5-year prospective study to determine if jumping ability and change in jumping ability affects risk of developing jumper’s knee.... Read more »
Visnes H, Aandahl HA, & Bahr R. (2012) Jumper's knee paradox--jumping ability is a risk factor for developing jumper's knee: a 5-year prospective study. British Journal of Sports Medicine. PMID: 23060653
- November 5, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 234 views
Neuromuscular Training to Reduce ACL Injuries may be More Effective in Younger Athletes
by Christian Glaser, DO, and Marc Harwood, MD in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries early in life may not only have an immediate impact on an athlete’s career but may also have longstanding effects well beyond the years of active athletic participation. The best way to prevent these long-term consequences is to avoid ACL injuries. Currently neuromuscular training (NMT) programs are the focus of ongoing research to determine their effectiveness in preventing ACL injuries. Some investigators theorize that there may be an optimal age to initiate NMT among young female athletes; however, this has yet to be evaluated. With this meta-analysis the authors assessed the influence of age at the time of implementing NMT on the effectiveness of NMT to reduce the risk of ACL injuries. They hypothesized that NMT is more effective in younger populations.... Read more »
Myer GD, Sugimoto D, Thomas S, & Hewett TE. (2012) The Influence of Age on the Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Training to Reduce Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Athletes: A Meta-Analysis. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. PMID: 23048042
- November 2, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 369 views
Do Nitrate Patches Offer Any Additional Treatment Benefits for Chronic Patellar Tendinopathy?
by Kris Fayock in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Chronic patellar tendinopathy is a common condition seen in elite and recreational athletes, especially those that participate in sports that involve repetitive jumping and landing. The prevalence has been shown to be 2.5-14% in non-elite athletes and as high as 40-50% in elite basketball and volleyball athletes. Eccentric training has become the standard treatment for chronic tendinopathies, but other treatments are being investigated that try to stimulate tendon regeneration and modulation of tendon pain. Some studies, but not all, have supported the use of continuous topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) via patches in chronic tendinopathies including lateral epicondylosis, non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy, and supraspinatus tendinopathy. The objective of the study was to assess if continuous topical GTN treatment improved outcomes among patients with chronic patellar tendinopathy compared to placebo, while both groups underwent heavy-load eccentric training.... Read more »
Steunebrink M, Zwerver J, Brandsema R, Groenenboom P, Akker-Scheek IV, & Weir A. (2012) Topical glyceryl trinitrate treatment of chronic patellar tendinopathy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine. PMID: 22930695
- October 31, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 286 views
Single-Leg Hop Predicts Success After ACL Surgery
by Nicole Cattano in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is performed regularly with relatively favorable results. However, there remains a lack of evidence to predict who will have favorable outcomes and who may have problems after surgery. Therefore, purpose of this prospective cohort study was to assess the effectiveness single-legged hop tests to predict self-reported knee function 1-year post ACL reconstruction.... Read more »
Logerstedt, D., Grindem, H., Lynch, A., Eitzen, I., Engebretsen, L., Risberg, M., Axe, M., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2012) Single-Legged Hop Tests as Predictors of Self-Reported Knee Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: The Delaware-Oslo ACL Cohort Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(10), 2348-2356. DOI: 10.1177/0363546512457551
- October 26, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 315 views
Ultrasound and Tuning Forks: Another Diagnostic Tool in the Tool Belt for Clinicians?
by Laura McDonald in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
As a clinician, early identification of stress fractures in patients is paramount to establishing a course of action for intervention and treatment. Unfortunately, without immediate access to medical imaging (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], radiography, or scintigraphy) we often rely on subjective complaints, location of pain, details from the athlete’s training, medical history, and clinical examination tests despite little evidence to support their diagnostic ability. Schneiders et al performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the literature involving the diagnostic efficacy of clinical tests for stress fractures.... Read more »
Schneiders AG, Sullivan SJ, Hendrick PA, Hones BD, McMaster AR, Sugden BA, & Tomlinson C. (2012) The Ability of Clinical Tests to Diagnose Stress Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy, 42(9), 760-71. PMID: 22813530
- October 24, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 306 views
Age and Quadriceps Strength Indicators on Noncopers Ability to Pass Return to Sport Criteria
by Kyle Harris in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, it is often suggested that an athlete may be able to return to sport 6 months post-surgery, regardless if the athlete is a coper (can continue high-level activates without needing an ACL reconstruction) or noncoper (lacks the ability to stabilize and limit instability without reconstruction). This timeframe, however, has never been verified through a prospective study. Therefore, Hartigan and colleagues completed a study to determine which preoperative variables predict the ability of a noncoper to return to sport at 6 months. The study also sought to determine if patients who had strength gains preoperatively would have better outcomes postoperatively.... Read more »
Hartigan EH, Zeni J Jr, Di Stasi S, Axe MJ, & Snyder-Mackler L. (2012) Preoperative Predictors for Noncopers to Pass Return to Sports Criteria After ACL Reconstruction. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28(4), 366-73. PMID: 22983930
- October 22, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 214 views
Reading Doctors’ Notes Could Lead to Better Communication and Health Care
by Jane McDevitt in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Electronic medical records provide a secure and efficient way of handling patients’ records. In addition, electronic medical records easily allow doctors to provide patients access to their notes. However, there is little information regarding the experiences of doctors and patients when patients are invited to read their doctor’s notes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on doctors and patients of providing access to doctor’s notes when using a secure internet website.... Read more »
Delbanco T, Walker J, Bell SK, Darer JD, Elmore JG, Farag N, Feldman HJ, Mejilla R, Ngo L, Ralston JD.... (2012) Inviting Patients to Read Their Doctors' Notes: A Quasi-experimental Study and a Look Ahead. Annals of Internal Medicine, 157(7), 461-70. PMID: 23027317
- October 19, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 313 views
The Positive Effects of Different Platelet-Rich Plasma Methods on Human Muscle, Bone, and Tendon Cells
by Mark Rice in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
One of the most widely disputed hot topics in sports medicine today is the utilization of PRP. While the theory of how PRP works is solid, there has been a lag in the literature to back it up. At SMR we have covered recent research showing that PRP does and doesn't work. However, one item that hasn't been covered in general is the PRP preparation. While multiple preparation techniques are available commercially, there has not been any independent analysis to delineate which preparation might be better suited in different situations. Therefore, the investigators compared 3 different PRP preparation techniques and the effect on cell proliferation in bone, muscle and tendon tissue harvested post shoulder arthroplasty, latissimus dorsi transfer and biceps tenodesis, respectively.... Read more »
Mazzocca AD, McCarthy MB, Chowaniec DM, Dugdale EM, Hansen D, Cote MP, Bradley JP, Romeo AA, Arciero RA, & Beitzel K. (2012) The positive effects of different platelet-rich plasma methods on human muscle, bone, and tendon cells. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(8), 1742-9. PMID: 22802273
- October 17, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 308 views
How Long are Synovial Fluid Biomarkers Altered After Acute Knee Injury?
by Nicole Cattano in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Acute knee injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, are known to increase an athlete’s risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA). Rate of OA incidence seems to be at an increased risk, despite whether an athlete gets ACL surgery or not. There are various biomechanical as well as biochemical theories as to why this may be. One biochemical theory being that the acute inflammatory process that follows a knee injury propagates OA. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the biochemical markers within 1 month of an acute knee injury (i.e. any rotational injury with hemarthrosis) and compare them to healthy knees, as well as to see if time from injury affects concentrations.... Read more »
Swärd P, Frobell R, Englund M, Roos H, & Struglics A. (2012) Cartilage and bone markers and inflammatory cytokines are increased in synovial fluid in the acute phase of knee injury (hemarthrosis) - a cross-sectional analysis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 20(11), 1302-8. PMID: 22874525
- October 15, 2012
- 12:04 AM
- 379 views
How Accurate are Your Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy Tests?
by Jane McDevitt in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Proximal hamstring tendinopathy is an overuse injury and the main symptom is typically an ill-defined pain during activity in the area of the ischial tuberosity. Due to injuries with similar symptoms (e.g., piriformis syndrome) it is difficult to correctly diagnose proximal hamstring tendinopathy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity as well as the sensitivity and specificity of 3 pain provocation tests for the diagnosis of proximal hamstring tendinopathy.... Read more »
Cacchio A, Borra F, Severini G, Foglia A, Musarra F, Taddio N, & De Paulis F. (2012) Reliability and validity of three pain provocation tests used for the diagnosis of chronic proximal hamstring tendinopathy. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(12), 883-7. PMID: 22219215
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