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Evidence-Based Public Health
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Upon*the.People
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- January 7, 2010
- 05:40 PM
- 886 views
Achtung, Baby: Hazard Ratios
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
The hazard ratio is the statistic of choice for nearly all medical research involving time. And by far the most common method of deriving hazard ratios from data is via the Cox Proportional Hazards model. In a great little editorial in this month's Epidemiology, Miguel Hernán lays out what we lose and what we can gain with a more subtle approach.... Read more »
Hernán, M. (2010) The Hazards of Hazard Ratios. Epidemiology, 21(1), 13-15. DOI: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181c1ea43
- November 19, 2009
- 09:11 PM
- 836 views
Multilevel (Quantile) Regression - A Question for Gelman
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
Multilevel (or hierarchical) regression modeling is very popular in the social sciences. So what I want to do is a hierarchical quantile regression of the 75% quantile of time spent in jail. And that was my question for Andrew Gelman.... Read more »
Carmichael SL, Witte JS, & Shaw GM. (2009) Nutrient pathways and neural tube defects: a semi-Bayesian hierarchical analysis. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 20(1), 67-73. PMID: 19234400
- November 10, 2009
- 11:33 PM
- 821 views
'Cause I said so... The Sufficient-Component Cause model and what it can tell us about cancer screening: Part I
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
... Read more »
Flanders WD. (2006) On the relationship of sufficient component cause models with potential outcome (counterfactual) models. European journal of epidemiology, 21(12), 847-53. PMID: 17048084
- January 9, 2010
- 02:55 PM
- 772 views
Crime and Public Health: Plumbum Causa
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
There is a distressingly myopic tendency among our existing social programs. Health departments ignore crime, and miss a valuable opportunity to improve social well-being.... Read more »
Wright, J., Dietrich, K., Ris, M., Hornung, R., Wessel, S., Lanphear, B., Ho, M., & Rae, M. (2008) Association of Prenatal and Childhood Blood Lead Concentrations with Criminal Arrests in Early Adulthood. PLoS Medicine, 5(5). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050101
- February 8, 2010
- 01:49 PM
- 735 views
Methods Monday: Maximum Likelihood in SAS using PROC NLP
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
I've been working on fitting some excess relative risk (ERR) models to case-control data on occupational exposures lately. ERR models are of the form:RR=1+β*XIn SAS, unfortunately, we don't have unlimited freedom in defining the form of the model we want to fit, but a recent paper by Langholz and Richardson [behind firewall] describes a way that we can solve for parameters once we specify the likelihood function. (For those interested, the likelihood function can be thought of as the ........ Read more »
Langholz, B., & Richardson, D. (2009) Fitting General Relative Risk Models for Survival Time and Matched Case-Control Analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 171(3), 377-383. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwp403
- May 28, 2010
- 09:22 AM
- 646 views
Falling Child Mortality - Where we are on Millennium Development Goal 4
by Ryan in Upon*the.People
The release several days ago of revised estimates for global child mortality showing that mortality has fallen faster than we previously expected was a cause for celebration. As one of the eight targets of the Millennium Development Goals, child mortality is among the better indicators we have for the health status of a given population, and is, in the words of Michael Marmot, "the health outcome most sensitive to the effects of absolute material deprivation."[Children in Burma; The Ir........ Read more »
Rajaratnam, J., Marcus, J., Flaxman, A., Wang, H., Levin-Rector, A., Dwyer, L., Costa, M., Lopez, A., & Murray, C. (2010) Neonatal, postneonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4. The Lancet. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60703-9
- November 13, 2009
- 09:50 PM
- 636 views
Methods Blogging: The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
It's somewhat defeating to acknowledge, but a large part of the strength (and beauty) of this study lies in its simplicity. Placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized; these are the things biostatisticians dream of. Luckily, I'm not one; but I can still appreciate it.... Read more »
Thompson, I. (2003) The Influence of Finasteride on the Development of Prostate Cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 349(3), 215-224. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa030660
Gerald L. Andriole, M.D., E. David Crawford, M.D., Robert L. Grubb, III, M.D., Saundra S. Buys, M.D., David Chia, Ph.D., Timothy R. Church, Ph.D., Mona N. Fouad, M.D., Edward P. Gelmann, M.D., Paul A. Kvale, M.D., Douglas J. Reding, M.D., Joel L. Weissfel. (2009) Mortality Results from a Randomized Prostate-Cancer Screening Trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(17), 1797-1797. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMx090012
- November 16, 2009
- 10:50 PM
- 623 views
Prevalence in Place of Plausibility: NCCAM Call for Comments
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
NCCAM has funded, to the tune of half a million dollars, of study of magnets and carpal tunnel syndrome.... Read more »
Colbert, A., Wahbeh, H., Harling, N., Connelly, E., Schiffke, H., Forsten, C., Gregory, W., Markov, M., Souder, J., Elmer, P.... (2007) Static Magnetic Field Therapy: A Critical Review of Treatment Parameters. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 6(2), 133-139. DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem131
- January 6, 2010
- 03:30 PM
- 592 views
Innovation in Health: Socialism and Innovation
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
What's the motivation for innovation in healthcare, and does any degree of socialization at any level have an impact?... Read more »
Conrad, D., & Perry, L. (2009) Quality-Based Financial Incentives in Health Care: Can We Improve Quality by Paying for It?. Annual Review of Public Health, 30(1), 357-371. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100243
- November 12, 2009
- 02:58 PM
- 581 views
Cell Phones and Cancer?
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
CNN has a story about the link between cell phone usage and tumors. Unfortunately, the article tends towards the sensational, and doesn't cite the many recent studies that have failed to find a link between cell phone use and cancer.... Read more »
Ahlbom A, Feychting M, Green A, Kheifets L, Savitz DA, Swerdlow AJ, & ICNIRP (International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) Standing Committee on Epidemiology. (2009) Epidemiologic evidence on mobile phones and tumor risk: a review. Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 20(5), 639-52. PMID: 19593153
- February 2, 2010
- 09:41 PM
- 526 views
More on abstinence
by Ryan in Evidence-Based Public Health
A recent paper describes a significant benefit from abstinence-only education. The story is more complicated...... Read more »
Jemmott, J., Jemmott, L., & Fong, G. (2010) Efficacy of a Theory-Based Abstinence-Only Intervention Over 24 Months: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Young Adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 164(2), 152-159. DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.267
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