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Much of my time is spent talking about brains. That's not the extent of who I am but sometimes I can't help it. I get paid to think about thinking. I love it.
Oscillatory Thoughts
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brainSCANr
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by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Happy Valentine's Day! So I know it's all the rage to take a popular culture topic and write science-y about it. So I'm doing it to. Whatever. I like to indulge once and a while.To celebrate the love and intimacy of this beautiful day, we're gonna talk about some nice, classic, sex studies from days gone by. There've been some... interesting hypotheses and theories about sex, sexuality, and orgasm over the years, which have produced some good, chuckle-worthy studies (and quite a few serious ones........ Read more »
Marmor J. (1954) Some considerations concerning orgasm in the female. Psychosomatic Medicine, 16(3), 240-5. PMID: 13167252
Graber B, Rohrbaugh JW, Newlin DB, Varner JL, & Ellingson RJ. (1985) EEG during masturbation and ejaculation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 14(6), 491-503. PMID: 4084049
Money J. (1960) Phantom orgasm in the dreams of paraplegic men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 373-82. PMID: 13772009
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
The "Cupertino effect" is the bane of anyone who's used a digital word processor, iPhone, whatever.Let me explain myself.Imaging you're sending a text to your beautiful pregnant wife to let her know you'll be heading home soon. However, automatic text replacement ("autocorrect") fails you horribly:While the appearance of this phenomenon in texting is relatively new, this problem has been around for quite a while. According to the Oxford University Press:Some older spellcheckers had wordlists con........ Read more »
Graff-Guerrero, A., Pellicer, F., Mendoza-Espinosa, Y., Martínez-Medina, P., Romero-Romo, J., & de la Fuente-Sandoval, C. (2008) Cerebral blood flow changes associated with experimental pain stimulation in patients with major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 107(1-3), 161-168. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.08.021
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
(This post amuses me. This is the strangest juxtaposition of research papers and topics I've written about. You'll see.)An ode to Mike, by Bradley VoytekThere once was a farmer from FruitaWhose chicken caused quite a hoopla. For what happened next, Made farmer Olsen quite perplexed!And as for the chicken, no "clucks", just some "ooh-aahs".For that farmer had wanted a snack.So he went and grabbed his old axe. H........ Read more »
Dick TE, Baekey DM, Paton JF, Lindsey BG, & Morris KF. (2009) Cardio-respiratory coupling depends on the pons. Respiratory Physiology , 168(1-2), 76-85. PMID: 19643216
Komisaruk, B., Whipple, B., Crawford, A., Grimes, S., Liu, W., Kalnin, A., & Mosier, K. (2004) Brain activation during vaginocervical self-stimulation and orgasm in women with complete spinal cord injury: fMRI evidence of mediation by the Vagus nerves. Brain Research, 1024(1-2), 77-88. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.07.029
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
My pals Kevin and m1k3y over at grinding.be recently posted about a little viral-intent video for the upcoming movie starring Bradley Cooper: Limitless.I'm intentionally trying to not read too much about this movie beforehand, so I can't really give a plot synopsis beyond what I've gathered from the YouTube video and Wikipedia write-up. But from what I've gleaned, apparently Bradley Cooper's character gets hold of an experimental drug ("NZT"), and quickly finds that it greatly enhances his cogni........ Read more »
Greely, H., Sahakian, B., Harris, J., Kessler, R., Gazzaniga, M., Campbell, P., & Farah, M. (2008) Towards responsible use of cognitive-enhancing drugs by the healthy. Nature, 456(7223), 702-705. DOI: 10.1038/456702a
Maher, B. (2008) Poll results: look who's doping. Nature, 452(7188), 674-675. DOI: 10.1038/452674a
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
(Note: this is a repost of my original post from 2009 Dec. I'm reposting some old posts to work within the ResearchBlogging.org framework.)This paper grew out of an interesting collaboration with some physicians at the University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco General Hospital, initially through a meeting between Dr. Geoffrey Manley, Dr. Robert Knight, and I. Dr. Manley has recently published several papers on the clinical benefits of performing a decompressive hemicraniectomy on........ Read more »
Voytek B, Secundo L, Bidet-Caulet A, Scabini D, Stiver SI, Gean AD, Manley GT, & Knight RT. (2010) Hemicraniectomy: a new model for human electrophysiology with high spatio-temporal resolution. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(11), 2491-2502. PMID: 19925193
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
My love for video games is no secret. I just finished Mass Effect 2 and started Dragon Age 2 (I'm a sucker for Bioware RGPs).One of the first true peer-review papers I remember reading was Green & Bavelier's 2003 Nature paper "Action video game modifies visual selective attention". In that study the authors performed a series of experiments showing that people who had a lot of experience playing "action video games" performed better than non-video game players on a variety of attention tasks. Pa........ Read more »
Green CS, & Bavelier D. (2003) Action video game modifies visual selective attention. Nature, 423(6939), 534-7. PMID: 12774121
Boot, W., Blakely, D., & Simons, D. (2011) Do Action Video Games Improve Perception and Cognition?. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00226
Owen, A., Hampshire, A., Grahn, J., Stenton, R., Dajani, S., Burns, A., Howard, R., & Ballard, C. (2010) Putting brain training to the test. Nature, 465(7299), 775-778. DOI: 10.1038/nature09042
Nieuwenhuis, S., Forstmann, B., & Wagenmakers, E. (2011) Erroneous analyses of interactions in neuroscience: a problem of significance. Nature Neuroscience, 14(9), 1105-1107. DOI: 10.1038/nn.2886
Gelman, A., & Stern, H. (2006) The Difference Between “Significant” and “Not Significant” is not Itself Statistically Significant. The American Statistician, 60(4), 328-331. DOI: 10.1198/000313006X152649
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Have you ever pointed at something with a pin? I mean, really? Because if not, you're probably not a scientist.You see, as a scientist, I do a lot of pointing at things: I point at screens with laser pointers, at whiteboards with my finger, or even at other scientists when I'm laughing at their terrible hypotheses.But that pales in comparison to how often I point with pins. So. Many. Pins. And as a neuroscientist, most of my pinpointing is at the brain:Usually, we're pinpointing where in the bra........ Read more »
Cohen, J. (1994) The earth is round (p less than 0.05). American Psychologist, 49(12), 997-1003. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.49.12.997
Courtney SM, Petit L, Maisog JM, Ungerleider LG, & Haxby JV. (1998) An area specialized for spatial working memory in human frontal cortex. Science, 279(5355), 1347-51. PMID: 9478894
Fowler CD, Lu Q, Johnson PM, Marks MJ, & Kenny PJ. (2011) Habenular α5 nicotinic receptor subunit signalling controls nicotine intake. Nature. PMID: 21278726
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
(Note: this is a repost of my original post from 2010 Jul. I'm reposting some old posts to work within the ResearchBlogging.org framework.)I’ve been geeking out about this paper for a week or so now, so I just finally decided to put together a post about it to explain why I think it’s so awesome.I’ve been thinking about the foundations of electrophysiological research in neuroscience. The earliest experiments on the electrical properties of neurons were performed on giant squid axons becau........ Read more »
Fröhlich F, & McCormick DA. (2010) Endogenous electric fields may guide neocortical network activity. Neuron, 67(1), 129-43. PMID: 20624597
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Over on Quora someone asked, "What are the most-cited works in neuroscience?"As some of you may know, I love literature mining. I started brainSCANr with my wife to look at how neuroscience research is conducted. I've been talking with Neuroskeptic about looking at biases in how different neuroscience topics are studied.This question on Quora piqued my interest, so I decided to try and work out the answer. I had to do some digging.(source)My first thought was of a retrospective published in Natu........ Read more »
Luo, L., Rodriguez, E., Jerbi, K., Lachaux, J., Martinerie, J., Corbetta, M., Shulman, G., Piomelli, D., Turrigiano, G., Nelson, S.... (2010) Ten years of Nature Reviews Neuroscience: insights from the highly cited. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11(10), 718-726. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2912
Sherrington R, Rogaev EI, Liang Y, Rogaeva EA, Levesque G, Ikeda M, Chi H, Lin C, Li G, Holman K.... (1995) Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Nature, 375(6534), 754-60. PMID: 7596406
Polymeropoulos MH, Lavedan C, Leroy E, Ide SE, Dehejia A, Dutra A, Pike B, Root H, Rubenstein J, Boyer R.... (1997) Mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease. Science (New York, N.Y.), 276(5321), 2045-7. PMID: 9197268
Caterina MJ, Schumacher MA, Tominaga M, Rosen TA, Levine JD, & Julius D. (1997) The capsaicin receptor: a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 389(6653), 816-24. PMID: 9349813
Südhof TC. (1995) The synaptic vesicle cycle: a cascade of protein-protein interactions. Nature, 375(6533), 645-53. PMID: 7791897
Pin JP, & Duvoisin R. (1995) The metabotropic glutamate receptors: structure and functions. Neuropharmacology, 34(1), 1-26. PMID: 7623957
Tessier-Lavigne M, & Goodman CS. (1996) The molecular biology of axon guidance. Science (New York, N.Y.), 274(5290), 1123-33. PMID: 8895455
McKeith IG, Galasko D, Kosaka K, Perry EK, Dickson DW, Hansen LA, Salmon DP, Lowe J, Mirra SS, Byrne EJ.... (1996) Consensus guidelines for the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): report of the consortium on DLB international workshop. Neurology, 47(5), 1113-24. PMID: 8909416
Games D, Adams D, Alessandrini R, Barbour R, Berthelette P, Blackwell C, Carr T, Clemens J, Donaldson T, & Gillespie F. (1995) Alzheimer-type neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing V717F beta-amyloid precursor protein. Nature, 373(6514), 523-7. PMID: 7845465
Hsiao K, Chapman P, Nilsen S, Eckman C, Harigaya Y, Younkin S, Yang F, & Cole G. (1996) Correlative memory deficits, Abeta elevation, and amyloid plaques in transgenic mice. Science (New York, N.Y.), 274(5284), 99-102. PMID: 8810256
Levy-Lahad E, Wasco W, Poorkaj P, Romano DM, Oshima J, Pettingell WH, Yu CE, Jondro PD, Schmidt SD, & Wang K. (1995) Candidate gene for the chromosome 1 familial Alzheimer's disease locus. Science (New York, N.Y.), 269(5226), 973-7. PMID: 7638622
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Another post inspired by Quora. Someone asked the question: "Can brain trauma cause cognitive enhancement?".Obviously this topic is dear to me, so I felt compelled to answer.(Read previously on my TEDx talk, my Neuron paper on functional recovery after stroke, my PNAS paper on working memory network deficits after stroke, why we don't need a brain, and my discussion of Rep. Grabrielle Giffords' brain surgery).The full response to the Quora question is below.*****Maybe! But most likely only in ve........ Read more »
Reverberi, C. (2005) Better without (lateral) frontal cortex? Insight problems solved by frontal patients. Brain, 128(12), 2882-2890. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh577
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Description of Congresswoman Giffords' neurosurgery... Read more »
Voytek B, Secundo L, Bidet-Caulet A, Scabini D, Stiver SI, Gean AD, Manley GT, & Knight RT. (2010) Hemicraniectomy: a new model for human electrophysiology with high spatio-temporal resolution. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(11), 2491-502. PMID: 19925193
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
In this post, I will teach you all how to be proper, skeptical neuroscientists. By the end of this post, not only will you be able to spot "neuro nonsense" statements, but you'll also be able to spot nonsense neuroscience questions.I implore my journalist friends to take note of what I say in this post.Much has already been said on the topic of modern neuroimaging masquerading as "new phrenology". A lot of these arguments and conversations are hidden from the lay public, however, so I'm going to........ Read more »
Barres, B. (2010) Neuro Nonsense. PLoS Biology, 8(12). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001005
Racine E, Bar-Ilan O, & Illes J. (2005) fMRI in the public eye. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6(2), 159-64. PMID: 15685221
Editors. (2004) Brain scam?. Nature Neuroscience, 7(7), 683-683. DOI: 10.1038/nn0704-683
Weisberg, D., Keil, F., Goodstein, J., Rawson, E., & Gray, J. (2008) The Seductive Allure of Neuroscience Explanations. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20(3), 470-477. DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2008.20040
Young, M., Hilgetag, C., & Scannell, J. (2000) On imputing function to structure from the behavioural effects of brain lesions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 355(1393), 147-161. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2000.0555
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
<Introduction>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam elementum iaculis lectus, id placerat diam ultrices scelerisque. Aenean eu varius eros. Maecenas rhoncus odio eu nunc pharetra ut luctus tellus consectetur. Cras venenatis condimentum sollicitudin.<Methods>Duis mollis malesuada ipsum, et interdum felis blandit eu. Vestibulum id purus odio, vitae bibendum mauris. Aliquam tristique, quam et pellentesque commodo, nunc lacus porta nisi, id faucibus urna nisi q........ Read more »
Upper D. (1974) The unsuccessful self-treatment of a case of "writer's block". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 7(3), 497. PMID: 16795475
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
In my previous neuroscience life I worked as a radioactive urine cleaner at UCLA.The lab I worked in did some really cool research on the long-term neurological and behavioral effects of methamphetamine abuse. One of the researchers I worked with in that lab, Dr. Berman, was a great guy who had a pretty esoteric research specialty.A few years ago he published an interesting, unique paper in The Journal of Neuroscience titled "Reduced brainstem inhibition during anticipated pelvic visceral pain c........ Read more »
Berman SM, Naliboff BD, Suyenobu B, Labus JS, Stains J, Ohning G, Kilpatrick L, Bueller JA, Ruby K, Jarcho J.... (2008) Reduced brainstem inhibition during anticipated pelvic visceral pain correlates with enhanced brain response to the visceral stimulus in women with irritable bowel syndrome. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 28(2), 349-59. PMID: 18184777
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Deep brain stimulation is such a cool, successful, amazing piece of technology, that I was excited to read a little more about its historical roots. But man. I don't even know what to say now.I've written about a lot of crazy neuroscience stuff on this blog over the last 20 months:rectal ballons
psychic powers
penis burning
sperm injections
phantom orgasms
and, of course, zombies
But this... is the weirdest, most shocking research I've read, bar none. Literally, the litany of crazy shit in this ........ Read more »
Heath RG. (1972) Pleasure and brain activity in man. Deep and surface electroencephalograms during orgasm. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 154(1), 3-18. PMID: 5007439
Baumeister A. (2011) The search for an endogenous schizogen: the strange case of taraxein. Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 20(2), 106-22. PMID: 21480035
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Sorry for the self-promotional nature of this post, but I wanted to talk about a novel, interesting experience.A little over a week ago, my research examining how people with prefrontal stroke compensate for brain damage was profiled in a piece in the Washington Post. As with all my research, I did a lay post explaining that work here before.The whole media experience happened very quickly, but was pretty cool. You'll notice that the Washington Post article is actually focused on Rep. Gabrielle ........ Read more »
Voytek B, Davis M, Yago E, Barceló F, Vogel EK, & Knight RT. (2010) Dynamic neuroplasticity after human prefrontal cortex damage. Neuron, 68(3), 401-8. PMID: 21040843
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
This is the last symptom of the multi-day series on The Zombie Brain between Oscillatory Thoughts and The Cognitive Axon.Be sure to check out our last post tomorrow in which we wrap everything up.Symptom 9: Insatiable HungerWhat drives the zombie’s insatiable hunger for human flesh? In the last post we discussed the role of addiction in the zombie’s craving for your skin, but why are they never satisfied? Why, after having eating your entire family, will the zombie continue on to consume you........ Read more »
King BM. (2006) The rise, fall, and resurrection of the ventromedial hypothalamus in the regulation of feeding behavior and body weight. Physiology , 87(2), 221-44. PMID: 16412483
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
One of the more interesting parts about being a neuroscientist is when I'm suddenly struck by how absolutely weird our brains are.And I'm not even talking about the super trippy stuff like free-will; even the mundane things are really mind-boggling.For example: what does it mean to experience the world around us? We "see" things because photons that manage to pass through the inside-out design of our retinal cells cause a molecular change in the photoreceptors such that 11-cis-retinal isomerizes........ Read more »
Bialek, W. (1987) Physical Limits to Sensation and Perception. Annual Review of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, 16(1), 455-478. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bb.16.060187.002323
Sadato N, Pascual-Leone A, Grafman J, Ibañez V, Deiber MP, Dold G, & Hallett M. (1996) Activation of the primary visual cortex by Braille reading in blind subjects. Nature, 380(6574), 526-8. PMID: 8606771
Cohen LG, Celnik P, Pascual-Leone A, Corwell B, Falz L, Dambrosia J, Honda M, Sadato N, Gerloff C, Catalá MD.... (1997) Functional relevance of cross-modal plasticity in blind humans. Nature, 389(6647), 180-3. PMID: 9296495
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
Science has a lot of problems. Or rather, scientometrics has a lot of problems. Scientific careers are built off the publish or perish foundation of citation counts. Journals are ranked by impact factors. There are serious problems with this system, and many ideas have been offered on how to change it, but so far little has actually been affected. Many journals, including the PLoS and Frontiers series, are making efforts to bring about change, but they are mostly taking a social tactic: ranking ........ Read more »
, . (2006) The Impact Factor Game. PLoS Medicine, 3(6). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030291
Robinson KA, & Goodman SN. (2011) A systematic examination of the citation of prior research in reports of randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine, 154(1), 50-5. PMID: 21200038
by Bradley Voytek in Oscillatory Thoughts
(This is re-posted from the Scientific American Guest Blog)There is a lot of back and forth right now amongst the academic technorati about the "future of peer review". The more I read about this, the more I've begun to step back and ask, in all seriousness:What is scientific peer-review for?This is, I believe, a damn important question to have answered. To put my money where my mouth is I'm going to answer my own question, in my own words:The scientific peer-review process increases the probabi........ Read more »
Wager, E. (2006) What is it for? Analysing the purpose of peer review. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature04990
Jennings, C. (2006) Quality and value: The true purpose of peer review. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature05032
Editors. (2005) Revolutionizing peer review?. Nature Neuroscience, 8(4), 397-397. DOI: 10.1038/nn0405-397
Smith, R. (2006) Peer review: a flawed process at the heart of science and journals. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 99(4), 178-182. DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.99.4.178
Rothwell, P. (2000) Reproducibility of peer review in clinical neuroscience: Is agreement between reviewers any greater than would be expected by chance alone?. Brain, 123(9), 1964-1969. DOI: 10.1093/brain/123.9.1964
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