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Beautiful Mind
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May 20, 2013
01:23 PM
52 views

Epilepsy Service Organization in Countries with Limited Resources

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

tumblr: bellapaige88On average, 9.5/1000 population has epilepsy in Low and Middle Income Countries (LAMIC). A research which has resulted in the global campaign against epilepsy has shown, the gap between treatment need and the treatment provision worldwide is approximately 70% [1]. This large ‘treatment gap’, i.e., lack of appropriate treatment for a large number of patients with epilepsy, due to a number of causes including inability to identify cases, inability to deliver adequate treatm........ Read more »

Mbuba CK, Ngugi AK, Newton CR, & Carter JA. (2008) The epilepsy treatment gap in developing countries: a systematic review of the magnitude, causes, and intervention strategies. Epilepsia, 49(9), 1491-503. PMID: 18557778

Pal, D., Das, T., & Sengupta, S. (2000) Case-control and qualitative study of attrition in a community epilepsy programme in rural India. Seizure, 9(2), 119-123. DOI: 10.1053/seiz.1999.0357

Mani KS, Rangan G, Srinivas HV, Srindharan VS, & Subbakrishna DK. (2001) Epilepsy control with phenobarbital or phenytoin in rural south India: the Yelandur study. Lancet, 357(9265), 1316-20. PMID: 11343735

Wang WZ, Wu JZ, Wang DS, Dai XY, Yang B, Wang TP, Yuan CL, Scott RA, Prilipko LL, de Boer HM.... (2003) The prevalence and treatment gap in epilepsy in China: an ILAE/IBE/WHO study. Neurology, 60(9), 1544-5. PMID: 12743252

May 10, 2013
02:41 AM
69 views

Mitochondrial Disease – A Neurological Perspective

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Defects of mitochondrial function have been identified in several neurodegenerative diseases. These include abnormalities induced by mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) those caused by mutation of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, and in some cases, exposure to mitochondrial toxins.MtDNA mutation are associated with a variety of progressive encephalomyopathies inn which there is evidence of neurodegeneration. These include Kearns-Sayre syndrome myopathy, encephalopathy, lac........ Read more »

McFarland R, Taylor RW, & Turnbull DM. (2010) A neurological perspective on mitochondrial disease. Lancet neurology, 9(8), 829-40. PMID: 20650404

Venna N. (2004) Mitochondrial neurological diseases: a clinician's perspective. Neurology India, 52(3), 305-6. PMID: 15472416

May 7, 2013
12:19 PM
70 views

"Insight" in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

photo: jagaro.netLack of awareness of illness, poor insight or ‘denial’ are regarded as fundamental problems in neurology and psychiatry. The ‘object’ of the awareness differs in different conditions. For example a stroke patient may deny their hemiplegia (anosognosia) – a deficit which is visible and objective; a person with Alzheimer’s disease may be unaware of memory problems – which though measurable, are not readily apparent to the observer. Finally, a schizophrenic........ Read more »

Pijnenborg GH, van Donkersgoed RJ, David AS, & Aleman A. (2013) Changes in insight during treatment for psychotic disorders: a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia research, 144(1-3), 109-17. PMID: 23305612

April 24, 2013
02:58 AM
89 views

Recent Trauma and Acute Infection Linked with Stroke In Children

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Research has demonstrated that experiencing head or neck trauma or minor acute infections such as influenza can increase risk for stroke among adults. Inflammation in the CNS or in the periphery may be a risk factor for the initial development of cerebral ischemia. Fullerton (University of California, San Francisco, USA) and colleagues hypothesized that trauma and acute infections are independently associated with childhood arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Researchers carried out a case........ Read more »

Hills, N., Johnston, S., Sidney, S., Zielinski, B., & Fullerton, H. (2012) Recent trauma and acute infection as risk factors for childhood arterial ischemic stroke. Annals of Neurology, 72(6), 850-858. DOI: 10.1002/ana.23688

Emsley, H., & Tyrrell, P. (2002) Inflammation and Infection in Clinical Stroke. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow , 1399-1419. DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200212000-00001

Qureshi, A., Janssen, R., Karon, J., Weissman, J., Akbar, M., Safdar, K., & Frankel, M. (1997) Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Stroke in Young Patients. Archives of Neurology, 54(9), 1150-1153. DOI: 10.1001/archneur.1997.00550210078016

April 15, 2013
03:27 PM
96 views

Brain-to-Brain Interface - Share Information via Internet

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

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Pais-Vieira, M., Lebedev, M., Kunicki, C., Wang, J., & Nicolelis, M. (2013) A Brain-to-Brain Interface for Real-Time Sharing of Sensorimotor Information. Scientific Reports. DOI: 10.1038/srep01319

March 13, 2013
02:40 AM
302 views

Brain Lateralization - Logical Left vs Creative Right

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Broad generalizations are often made in popular psychology about one side or the other having characteristic labels, such as "logical" for the left side or "creative" for the right. These labels need to be treated carefully; although a lateral dominance is measurable, both hemispheres contribute to both kinds of processes.In psychology and neurobiology, the theory is based on what is known as the lateralization of brain function. So does one side of the brain really control specific functions? A........ Read more »

Ross, E., & Monnot, M. (2008) Neurology of affective prosody and its functional–anatomic organization in right hemisphere. Brain and Language, 104(1), 51-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2007.04.007

George MS, Parekh PI, Rosinsky N, Ketter TA, Kimbrell TA, Heilman KM, Herscovitch P, & Post RM. (1996) Understanding emotional prosody activates right hemisphere regions. Archives of neurology, 53(7), 665-70. PMID: 8929174

Dehaene, S. (1999) Sources of Mathematical Thinking: Behavioral and Brain-Imaging Evidence. Science, 284(5416), 970-974. DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5416.970

Dehaene, S., Piazza, M., Pinel, P., & Cohen, L. (2003) THREE PARIETAL CIRCUITS FOR NUMBER PROCESSING. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 20(3-6), 487-506. DOI: 10.1080/02643290244000239

Hecht, D. (2010) Depression and the hyperactive right-hemisphere. Neuroscience Research, 68(2), 77-87. DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.06.013

Devinsky, O. (2009) Delusional misidentifications and duplications: Right brain lesions, left brain delusions. Neurology, 72(1), 80-87. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000338625.47892.74

February 24, 2013
05:23 PM
234 views

Drugs, Dopamine and Drosophila: A Fly Model for ADHD?

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

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Lebestky T, Chang JS, Dankert H, Zelnik L, Kim YC, Han KA, Wolf FW, Perona P, & Anderson DJ. (2009) Two different forms of arousal in Drosophila are oppositely regulated by the dopamine D1 receptor ortholog DopR via distinct neural circuits. Neuron, 64(4), 522-36. PMID: 19945394

Wang L, & Anderson DJ. (2010) Identification of an aggression-promoting pheromone and its receptor neurons in Drosophila. Nature, 463(7278), 227-31. PMID: 19966787

January 11, 2013
10:31 AM
116 views

“Gantenerumab” could pave way for Alzheimer's treatment

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

An experimental drug being developed by Roche Holding AG removed amyloid plaques from the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients in a small early-stage study, according to data published in the Archives of Neurology, Oct 10.Many researchers suspect the build-up of such plaques may be a cause of the memory robbing disease, although that theory has yet to be definitively proved.The next step will be to investigate whether removal of brain amyloid translates into clinical benefit for patients at do........ Read more »

Ostrowitzki, S., Deptula, D., Thurfjell, L., Barkhof, F., Bohrmann, B., Brooks, D., Klunk, W., Ashford, E., Yoo, K., Xu, Z.... (2011) Mechanism of Amyloid Removal in Patients With Alzheimer Disease Treated With Gantenerumab. Archives of Neurology, 69(2), 198-207. DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2011.1538

January 11, 2013
10:14 AM
186 views

"Alarm clock" gene explains wake-up function of biological clock

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Tring Tring.....Wake Up...Its Morning...Mr. V : I didn't set an alarm !!! whose this ???Ever wondered why you wake up in the morning—even when the alarm clock isn't making jarring noises? Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have identified a new component of the biological clock, a gene responsible for starting the clock from its restful state every morning.The biological clock ramps up our metabolism early each day, initiating important physiological functions ........ Read more »

DiTacchio, L., Le, H., Vollmers, C., Hatori, M., Witcher, M., Secombe, J., & Panda, S. (2011) Histone Lysine Demethylase JARID1a Activates CLOCK-BMAL1 and Influences the Circadian Clock. Science, 333(6051), 1881-1885. DOI: 10.1126/science.1206022

January 11, 2013
06:52 AM
268 views

Is it the Type of Pencil or Really my Handwriting is Illegible !!!

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

It is quite obvious for a 4th grader to pass the buck for his/her bad handwriting. Recently, I came across some "real research articles" published in indexed journals addressing the same.Research indicates, it should be the type of pencil which should be blamed for legibility and speed in various writing task which include cursive writing, 10-min copy task, etc or maybe not !!!Conclusion 1: Results indicate that although the students in this study wrote more legibly on the short task t........ Read more »

Schwellnus H, Carnahan H, Kushki A, Polatajko H, Missiuna C, & Chau T. (2012) Effect of pencil grasp on the speed and legibility of handwriting after a 10-minute copy task in Grade 4 children. Australian occupational therapy journal, 59(3), 180-7. PMID: 22690768

Koziatek SM, & Powell NJ. (2003) Pencil grips, legibility, and speed of fourth-graders' writing in cursive. The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 57(3), 284-8. PMID: 12785666

Dennis JL, & Swinth Y. (2001) Pencil grasp and children's handwriting legibility during different-length writing tasks. The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 55(2), 175-83. PMID: 11761133

September 26, 2012
03:51 AM
386 views

HIV and Cognition: Indian Perspective

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Dementia, as we all knows about it as an aging problem, which strikes the elderly people in society. When we look upon the Indian population, we can say that we are very young as 50% of our population is under forty years of age. As compared to developed countries, we have low prevalence and incidence rate of dementia.When we look upon neuro-infection and dementia, we find four major classes of neuro-infection related to dementia.1. Chronic Meningitis – Neurotuberculosis, fungal dementia, cryp........ Read more »

Hemelaar J, Gouws E, Ghys PD, Osmanov S, & WHO-UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterisation. (2011) Global trends in molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 during 2000-2007. AIDS (London, England), 25(5), 679-89. PMID: 21297424

Siddappa NB, Dash PK, Mahadevan A, Jayasuryan N, Hu F, Dice B, Keefe R, Satish KS, Satish B, Sreekanthan K.... (2004) Identification of subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by subtype-specific PCR and its use in the characterization of viruses circulating in the southern parts of India. Journal of clinical microbiology, 42(6), 2742-51. PMID: 15184461

Satishchandra P, Nalini A, Gourie-Devi M, Khanna N, Santosh V, Ravi V, Desai A, Chandramuki A, Jayakumar PN, & Shankar SK. (2000) Profile of neurologic disorders associated with HIV/AIDS from Bangalore, south India (1989-96). The Indian journal of medical research, 14-23. PMID: 10793489

Gupta JD, Satishchandra P, Gopukumar K, Wilkie F, Waldrop-Valverde D, Ellis R, Ownby R, Subbakrishna DK, Desai A, Kamat A.... (2007) Neuropsychological deficits in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade C-seropositive adults from South India. Journal of neurovirology, 13(3), 195-202. PMID: 17613709

Ranga U, Shankarappa R, Siddappa NB, Ramakrishna L, Nagendran R, Mahalingam M, Mahadevan A, Jayasuryan N, Satishchandra P, Shankar SK.... (2004) Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C strains is a defective chemokine. Journal of virology, 78(5), 2586-90. PMID: 14963162

Baldewicz TT, Leserman J, Silva SG, Petitto JM, Golden RN, Perkins DO, Barroso J, & Evans DL. (2004) Changes in neuropsychological functioning with progression of HIV-1 infection: results of an 8-year longitudinal investigation. AIDS and behavior, 8(3), 345-55. PMID: 15475681

September 4, 2012
04:18 PM
598 views

Neurocysticercosis - A Challenge for Developing Countries

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Taenia solium. by Dr Frank GaillardCysticercosis of Brain or Neurocysticercosis is most common parasitic infection of the brain or central nervous system worldwide and the most common cause of adult onset epilepsy. The cause of human cysticercosis is the larval form of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm).Neurocysticercosis is more common in developing countries and is endemic in Mexico and Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, India, and East Asia. According to WHO data there are 2,000,000 cases of the d........ Read more »

Sotelo J, & Del Brutto OH. (2000) Brain cysticercosis. Archives of medical research, 31(1), 3-14. PMID: 10767474

Del Brutto OH, & García HH. (2012) Neurocysticercosis in Nonendemic Countries: Time for a Reappraisal. Neuroepidemiology, 39(2), 145-146. PMID: 22922488

Tejado Lde A, Pozo KT, Palomino CB, & de Dios de Vega JL. (2012) Psychiatric manifestations of neurocysticercosis in paediatric patients. BMJ case reports. PMID: 22892232

June 18, 2012
07:11 AM
851 views

Did we neglected Essential Tremor over Parkinson’s Diseases?

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Movement Disorder. TremorParkinson’s disease (PD) and Essential Tremor (ET) both are classified under Movement Disorder. The symptoms are commonly confused with each other and patients were misdiagnosed mainly because ET is not as well known. Over the last three decades organizations and philanthropist like Michael J. Fox Foundation, Muhammad Ali, etc spread public awareness about PD whereas, ET remain in a darkness. Because of this, ET is not as well-known to the general public even tho........ Read more »

Louis ED, Ottman R, & Hauser WA. (1998) How common is the most common adult movement disorder? estimates of the prevalence of essential tremor throughout the world. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 13(1), 5-10. PMID: 9452318

Flora ED, Perera CL, Cameron AL, & Maddern GJ. (2010) Deep brain stimulation for essential tremor: a systematic review. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 25(11), 1550-9. PMID: 20623768

June 10, 2012
01:05 PM
853 views

Stem Cells to Cure Multiple Sclerosis - From in vivo to Clinical Trials.

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

© Ectins project- by Prof. John SindenMultiple Sclerosis, also known as disseminated sclerosis, is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks myelin sheaths that surround and protect nerve cells. The damage leads to demyelination and scarring which leaves the nerves exposed and unable to send signals to the brain and back, resulting in the loss of motor skills, coordination, vision, and cognitive abilities. There is no specific treatment exists for pa........ Read more »

Bai L, Lennon DP, Caplan AI, Dechant A, Hecker J, Kranso J, Zaremba A, & Miller RH. (2012) Hepatocyte growth factor mediates mesenchymal stem cell-induced recovery in multiple sclerosis models. Nature neuroscience. PMID: 22610068

Mancardi G, Sormani M, Di Gioia M, Vuolo L, Gualandi F, Amato M, Capello E, Currò D, Uccelli A, Bertolotto A.... (2012) Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with an intermediate intensity conditioning regimen in multiple sclerosis: the Italian multi-centre experience. Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 18(6), 835-842. PMID: 22127896

April 19, 2012
06:07 PM
854 views

Shortcut to Success: With Induced Neural Stem Cells

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Graphical AbstractResearchers at Universityof Bonn, Germany, have succeeded in directly generating brain stemcells from the connective tissue cells of mice. These stem cells canreproduce and be converted into various types of brain cells. Todate, only reprogramming in brain cells that were already fullydeveloped or which had only a limited ability to divide was possible.The new reprogramming method which, enables derivation of brain stemcells that are still immature and able to undergo practical........ Read more »

Thier M, Wörsdörfer P, Lakes YB, Gorris R, Herms S, Opitz T, Seiferling D, Quandel T, Hoffmann P, Nöthen MM.... (2012) Direct conversion of fibroblasts into stably expandable neural stem cells. Cell stem cell, 10(4), 473-9. PMID: 22445518

April 12, 2012
05:26 AM
1,096 views

Stressful Life May Leads to Alzheimer's Diseases

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Stress can be defined as any type of change that causes physical, emotional or psychological strain. However, not all types of stress are harmful or even negative. There are a few different types of stress that we encounter viz. Eu-stress, Acute Stress, Episodic Acute Stress, Chronic Stress. Stress manifests itself in the form of many psychological and physical problems like anxiety, hopelessness, anger, helplessness, egoism, expectation, tension, constipation, irritation, depression, apathy........ Read more »

Rissman RA, Staup MA, Lee AR, Justice NJ, Rice KC, Vale W, & Sawchenko PE. (2012) Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-dependent effects of repeated stress on tau phosphorylation, solubility, and aggregation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PMID: 22451915

April 2, 2012
11:01 AM
921 views

Neuroscience Behind Cocktail Parties

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

photo source: forum.china.org.cnCocktail Parties, the status symbol of the modern society. Whether it is formal conference or a social get-together, cocktail parties always hold an alluring place in any event. Men holding finest liquor, standing in circles, participating in short talks, cheering-up, sharing experiences. Well, the topic of the conversation varies from philosophical opinions to variety of necktie available in a well-known store. Last weekend, I attended one such cocktail party at ........ Read more »

Anthony, Z. (2008) Engaging in an auditory task suppresses responses in rat auditory cortex. Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/conf.neuro.10.2008.01.100

Wehr M, & Zador AM. (2003) Balanced inhibition underlies tuning and sharpens spike timing in auditory cortex. Nature, 426(6965), 442-6. PMID: 14647382

Khalfa, S., Bruneau, N., Roge, B., Georgieff, N., Veuillet, E., Adrien, J., Barthelemy, C., & Collet, L. (2001) Peripheral auditory asymmetry in infantile autism. European Journal of Neuroscience, 13(3), 628-632. DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2001.01423.x

Wehr M, & Zador AM. (2005) Synaptic mechanisms of forward suppression in rat auditory cortex. Neuron, 47(3), 437-45. PMID: 16055066

March 22, 2012
06:39 AM
580 views

Genetics Analysis May Lead New Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which mainly nerve cells in the substantia nigra of the brain die. This region is a central area of the brain that is involved in the motor activity. The cells in this area produce a neurotransmitter that is called dopamine and why these cells specifically succumb in PD is not completely clear. The most consistent pathological finding in Parkinson’s disease is degeneration of the melanin-containing cells in the pars compacta of the ........ Read more »

Zheng B, Liao Z, Locascio JJ, Lesniak KA, Roderick SS, Watt ML, Eklund AC, Zhang-James Y, Kim PD, Hauser MA.... (2010) PGC-1α, a potential therapeutic target for early intervention in Parkinson's disease. Science translational medicine, 2(52). PMID: 20926834

March 22, 2012
06:35 AM
519 views

Genetics behind Schizophrenia Revealed

by Vivek Misra in Beautiful Mind

At least half of schizophrenia patients who have no family history of the disorder harbor de novomutations, according to research published online on Sunday (August 7) in Nature Genetics, suggesting genetics may play a role even when the disease is not inherited. Specifically, researchers sequenced the exomes, or protein-coding DNA, of 53 patients with non-inherited cases of schizophrenia—meaning they had no immediate family members nor aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews or gr........ Read more »

Xu, B., Roos, J., Dexheimer, P., Boone, B., Plummer, B., Levy, S., Gogos, J., & Karayiorgou, M. (2011) Exome sequencing supports a de novo mutational paradigm for schizophrenia. Nature Genetics, 43(9), 864-868. DOI: 10.1038/ng.902

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