Geosciences posts
- May 20, 2013
- 11:14 PM
- 29 views
Dosage: one space mirror per year. Some side effects may occur.
by Michael Angus in Anthroblogenic Warning
Something small has gone wrong in your home. Maybe a light bulb has gone out, or the tap has started leaking at the hinge. You can't fix it right now, because you're half way through watching nineties classic "Home Alone 2: Lost in New York". Or maybe "Game of Thrones". Whatever, I don't keep up with TV. The point is you need a quick fix, so you grab a lamp from the bedroom or stick a towel under the sink. That'll do, you think. I'll sort it out properly tomorrow. Future me totally has this one covered. Three months later, you still haven't bothered to buy a new light bulb and the towel is now so sodden it smells like it crawled out of a music festival toilet. Well congratulations, you have just engaged in what is rather grandly known as "Geoengineering". If you can't fix the original problem, add something on that will kind of sort it out for a while, maybe. More technically, it's an attempt to reduce the Earth's temperature, without actually dealing with the problem, the emission of fossil fuels at an unprecedented rate. Treating the symptoms but not the cause, to switch metaphors for a moment.The best way to explain this is probably with an example; luckily for me Vaughn and Lenton (2011) have published a 46 page review of current geoengineering proposals for me to choose from. The citation is at the bottom, but if you can't access it for pay-to-view reasons, then the wikipedia page is as thorough a guide as any. So, to start with a sane and boring idea, reforestation of land (growing more trees) would lead to an increase in photosynthesis, decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. I don't see why anyone would get behind that idea though, when we have this option right out of a science fiction movie:That is a computer graphic of a "Solar Shade", a giant mirror in space. In an idea so mind bogglingly stupid it might just be genius, the logic runs as follows: i) We get heat from the suns rays. ii) It's currently a bit hot. iii) Less sun = less hot. iv) mirrors reflect light and therefore heat. v) YOU GUYS WE SHOULD TOTALLY BUILD A MIRROR IN SPACE. To reflect enough solar energy to counteract the current warming the total reflective area would have to be approx. 4.7 million km^2. That is not only putting the equivalent of India in space, but sending up Mongolia to keep it company. Not only that, but we would have to add at least 1 Belgium per year if we continued at the current rate of warming. The most recent plan for this, was not the giant disc imagined above, but 1.6 trillion tiny mirrors of half a meter diameter instead. This plan does presume the mirrors wouldn't be stolen by a horde of magpies on the way up, acting together at last for the biggest heist in stealing shiny things history. Although this is all quite entertaining, it is complete madness, and sounds like some kind of supervillain chicanery. It will not happen. Plus, Belgium would probably object to being repeatedly fired into space.Somewhere between the two extremes of planting trees and firing a silvery cloud into orbit, there are the wacky but plausible suggestions like cloud ships, which would use sea spray to add to the particles in the atmosphere, creating more clouds, reflecting more sunlight. Unmanned yachts, using the power of the wind to wander around the oceans on a lonely mission to fire as much of the sea upwards as yachtily possible. Despite my derision, I do think geoengineering solutions are important. The real truth of the matter is, we won't cut carbon emissions enough to avoid seeing the impacts of global warming. Something must be done. Hopefully that something will involve a shift to renewable energy, which will be an inevitability when we run out of oil anyway. Until then though, our options are either to adapt to the new world we find ourselves in, or attempt to delay the inevitable change through these halfway solutions. Whatever the overall strategy, I hope we as a species aren't vain enough to think reflection is the only way to go, because the moment the space mirror launches is the moment I lose any residual hope for humanity.Vaughan, N., & Lenton, T. (2011). A review of climate geoengineering proposals Climatic Change, 109 (3-4), 745-790 DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0027-7... Read more »
Vaughan, N., & Lenton, T. (2011) A review of climate geoengineering proposals. Climatic Change, 109(3-4), 745-790. DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0027-7
- May 20, 2013
- 04:09 PM
- 31 views
Earth’s centre is out of sync
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
We all know that the Earth rotates beneath our feet, but new research from ANU has revealed that the centre of the Earth is out of sync with the rest of the planet, frequently speeding up and slowing down.... Read more »
ANU News. (2013) Earth’s centre is out of sync. Australian National University. info:/
- May 19, 2013
- 03:48 PM
- 31 views
A deeper look at the geology of diamonds
by Metageologist in Metageologist
The geology of diamonds is fascinating in itself, but they also give insights into wider geological processes and history. Up until 1725, diamonds were only known from India. That all changed when Brazilians panning river sediments for gold, instead found diamonds. Recent … Continue reading →... Read more »
Harte, B., & Richardson, S. (2012) Mineral inclusions in diamonds track the evolution of a Mesozoic subducted slab beneath West Gondwanaland. Gondwana Research, 21(1), 236-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2011.07.001
Harte, B., & Cayzer, N. (2007) Decompression and unmixing of crystals included in diamonds from the mantle transition zone. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 34(9), 647-656. DOI: 10.1007/s00269-007-0178-2
- May 18, 2013
- 07:08 AM
- 143 views
Ocean heat puts pressure on poorest fisheries
by Andy Extance in Simple Climate
The first evidence that climate change has affected fishing catches, revealed by William Cheung from the University of British Columbia and his team, shows tropical countries are set to be hardest hit.... Read more »
Cheung, W., Watson, R., & Pauly, D. (2013) Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature, 497(7449), 365-368. DOI: 10.1038/nature12156
Payne, M. (2013) Fisheries: Climate change at the dinner table. Nature, 497(7449), 320-321. DOI: 10.1038/497320a
- May 17, 2013
- 09:48 PM
- 33 views
In large earthquakes, the Earth moves for almost everyone
by Chris Rowan in Highly Allochthonous
The Global Positioning System has completely revolutionised how geologists study the deformation of the Earth. If you leave a GPS receiver in a fixed location for days, months and years, it is precise enough to measure motions on the millimetre … Continue reading →... Read more »
Corne ́ Kreemer, Geoffrey Blewitt, William C. Hammond, & Hans-Peter Plag. (2006) Global deformation from the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake observed by GPS: Implications for rupture process and global reference fram. Earth, Planets, Space, 58(2), 141-148. info:other/
Tregoning, P., Burgette, R., McClusky, S., Lejeune, S., Watson, C., & McQueen, H. (2013) A decade of horizontal deformation from great earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. DOI: 10.1002/jgrb.50154
- May 17, 2013
- 02:09 PM
- 31 views
Land-Fast Ice Cover off North Greenland: Will NASA bite?
by Andreas Muenchow in Icy Seas
When a large outlet glacier of North Greenland (Petermann Gletscher) discharged an ice island four times the size of Manhattan in August of 2010, the United States’ Congress held formal inquiries on its cause within days of the event. Congressmen, … Continue reading →... Read more »
Johnson, H., Münchow, A., Falkner, K., & Melling, H. (2011) Ocean circulation and properties in Petermann Fjord, Greenland. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116(C1). DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006519
Münchow, A., Falkner, K., Melling, H., Rabe, B., & Johnson, H. (2011) Ocean Warming of Nares Strait Bottom Waters off Northwest Greenland, 2003–2009. Oceanography, 24(3), 114-123. DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2011.62
Reeh, N., H. H. Thomsen, A. K. Higgins, and A. Weidick. (2001) Sea ice and the stability of north and northeast Greenland floating glaciers. Annals of Glaciology, 474-480. info:/
Rignot, E., & Steffen, K. (2008) Channelized bottom melting and stability of floating ice shelves. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(2). DOI: 10.1029/2007GL031765
- May 16, 2013
- 06:37 PM
- 38 views
Water’s secrets
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
A team of Canadian and UK researchers has discovered what may be some of the oldest pockets of water on the planet – and they may contain life.... Read more »
Kim Luke, University of Toronto, Office of Public Relations, McMaster University, Aeron Haworth, The University of Manchester, & Lancaster University, News. (2013) Water's secrets. Tracing Knowledge. info:/
- May 16, 2013
- 12:00 PM
- 48 views
Global Warming Consensus: We can haz it!
by Greg Laden in Greg Laden's Blog
An important study has just been published1 examining the level of consensus among scientists about climate change. The issue at hand is this: What is the level of agreement in the scientific community about the reality of climate change and about the human role in climate change? The new paper, Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic…... Read more »
Cook, J., Nuccitelli, D., Green, S., Richardson, M., Winkler, B., Painting, R., Way, R., Jacobs, P., & Skuce, A. (2013) Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature. Environmental Research Letters, 8(2), 24024. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024
- May 13, 2013
- 04:03 PM
- 44 views
Geologists study mystery of ‘eternal flames’
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
“Eternal flames” fueled by hydrocarbon gas could shine a light on the presence of natural gas in underground rock layers and conditions that let it seep to the surface, according to research by geologists at the Department of Geological Sciences and the Indiana Geological Survey at Indiana University Bloomington.... Read more »
Steve Hinnefeld. (2013) Geologists study mystery of 'eternal flames'. Indiana University News Release. info:/
- May 13, 2013
- 02:06 PM
- 44 views
Earth's central part is rotating differently than the rest of the planet
by Usman Paracha in SayPeople
Main Point:
Scientists have found that the inner-core of the Earth rotates at a different and variable rate than the mantle - the central part of the Earth or another planet that is present between the core and the crust.
Published in:
Nature Geoscience
Study Further:
Scientists observed earthquake doublets - pairs of nearly identical earthquakes that can occur a couple of weeks to 30 or 40 years apart - over the last 5 decades to find the speed of the inner-core of the Earth.
“We perform an inverse analysis of 7 doublets observed at the College station, Alaska, as well as 17 previously reported doublets, and reconstruct a history of differential inner-core rotation between 1961 and 2007,” Researchers wrote.
Researchers found that the center of Earth is not in synchronization with the rest of the Earth and is rotating at different and changing rates.
"This is the first experimental evidence that the inner core has rotated at a variety of different speeds," Associate Professor Hrvoje Tkalcic from the ANU College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, said in a statement.
"We found that, compared with the mantle, the inner core was rotating more quickly in the 1970s and 1990s, but slowed down in the 80s. The most dramatic acceleration has possibly occurred in the last few years, although further tests are needed to confirm that observation.
"Interestingly, Edmund Halley, namesake of Halley's Comet, speculated that the inner shells of the Earth rotate with a different speed back in 1692."
Source:
Australian National University
Reference:
Tkalčić, H., Young, M., Bodin, T., Ngo, S., & Sambridge, M. (2013). The shuffling rotation of the Earth’s inner core revealed by earthquake doublets Nature Geoscience DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1813... Read more »
Tkalčić, H., Young, M., Bodin, T., Ngo, S., & Sambridge, M. (2013) The shuffling rotation of the Earth’s inner core revealed by earthquake doublets. Nature Geoscience. DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1813
- May 12, 2013
- 12:43 PM
- 12 views
Some facets of the Geology of Diamonds
by Metageologist in Metageologist
Originally published on the Scientific American guest blog. Geoscientists can’t say if diamonds are forever, but they can say that some are already billions of years old. They form in a place we’ll never reach: the deep earth, hundreds of … Continue reading →... Read more »
Shirey, S., Cartigny, P., Frost, D., Keshav, S., Nestola, F., Nimis, P., Pearson, D., Sobolev, N., & Walter, M. (2013) Diamonds and the Geology of Mantle Carbon. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 75(1), 355-421. DOI: 10.2138/rmg.2013.75.12
Schulze, D., Harte, B., , ., Page, F., Valley, J., Channer, D., & Jaques, A. (2013) Anticorrelation between low 13C of eclogitic diamonds and high 18O of their coesite and garnet inclusions requires a subduction origin. Geology, 41(4), 455-458. DOI: 10.1130/G33839.1
- May 9, 2013
- 01:01 PM
- 43 views
A harder look at the geology of diamonds
by Metageologist in Metageologist
My recent post about diamonds was a rapid romp through some of the most marvellous things earth scientists have discovered about them. In the interests of keeping the casual reader engaged I left out many things. If this left you with … Continue reading →... Read more »
Schulze, D., Harte, B., , ., Page, F., Valley, J., Channer, D., & Jaques, A. (2013) Anticorrelation between low 13C of eclogitic diamonds and high 18O of their coesite and garnet inclusions requires a subduction origin. Geology, 41(4), 455-458. DOI: 10.1130/G33839.1
- May 9, 2013
- 10:00 AM
- 43 views
Arctic mission recovers record of surprising warmth
by Andy Extance in Simple Climate
The longest continuous Arctic land sediment core shows that the last time CO2 levels reached current levels, over 2.6 million years ago, North-East Russia was taken was 8°C warmer. ... Read more »
Melles, M., Brigham-Grette, J., Minyuk, P., Nowaczyk, N., Wennrich, V., DeConto, R., Anderson, P., Andreev, A., Coletti, A., Cook, T.... (2012) 2.8 Million Years of Arctic Climate Change from Lake El'gygytgyn, NE Russia. Science, 337(6092), 315-320. DOI: 10.1126/science.1222135
Julie Brigham-Grette, Martin Melles, Pavel Minyuk, Andrei Andreev, Pavel Tarasov, Robert DeConto, Sebastian Koenig, Norbert Nowaczyk, Volker Wennrich, Peter Rosén, Eeva Haltia, Tim Cook, Catalina Gebhardt, Carsten Meyer-Jacob, Jeff Snyder, Ulrike Herzsch. (2013) Pliocene Warmth, Polar Amplification, and Stepped Pleistocene Cooling Recorded in NE Arctic Russia. Science. info:/10.1126/science.1233137
- May 8, 2013
- 07:56 AM
- 36 views
The Turbulence of Van Gogh and the Labrador Shelf Current
by Andreas Muenchow in Icy Seas
Vincent Van Gogh painted his most turbulent images when insane. The Labrador Current resembles Van Gogh’s paintings when it becomes unstable. There is no reason that mental and geophysical instability relate to each other. And yet they do. Russian physicist … Continue reading →... Read more »
Aragón, J., Naumis, G., Bai, M., Torres, M., & Maini, P. (2008) Turbulent Luminance in Impassioned van Gogh Paintings. Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, 30(3), 275-283. DOI: 10.1007/s10851-007-0055-0
Ball, P. (2006) Van Gogh painted perfect turbulence. news@nature. DOI: 10.1038/news060703-17
Wu, Y., Tang, C., & Hannah, C. (2012) The circulation of eastern Canadian seas. Progress in Oceanography, 28-48. DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2012.06.005
- May 8, 2013
- 06:13 AM
- 47 views
New Robotic Instruments to Provide Real-Time Data on Gulf of Maine Red Tide
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
A new robotic sensor deployed by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Gulf of Maine coastal waters may transform the way red tides or harmful algal blooms (HABs) are monitored and managed in New England. The instrument was launched at the end of last month, and a second such system will be deployed later this spring.... Read more »
WHOI Media Relations Office. (2013) New Robotic Instruments to Provide Real-Time Data on Gulf of Maine Red Tide. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution . info:/
- May 8, 2013
- 04:31 AM
- 42 views
The Black Sea is a Goldmine of Ancient Genetic Data
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
When Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) marine paleoecologist Marco Coolen was mining through vast amounts of genetic data from the Black Sea sediment record, he was amazed about the variety of past plankton species that left behind their genetic makeup (i.e., the plankton paleome).... Read more »
WHOI Media Relations Office. (2013) The Black Sea is a Goldmine of Ancient Genetic Data. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. info:/
- May 7, 2013
- 10:28 PM
- 43 views
Is Blogging Really the Future of Public Anthropology?
by Kristina Killgrove in Powered By Osteons
In a new short article out in the British Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Martijn de Koning asks what challenges anthropologists face in using blogs as a method of anthropological outreach. He begins by highlighting some of the motivations for anthropologists to blog: "[M]any anthropologists have suggested that for them the primary reasons for blogging are self-realization, creativity and networking, sharing research experiences and outcomes, and commenting on current affairs" (de Koning 2013:394).
As blogs have been around since the late 1990s, it seems a little strange that academic anthropologists are just now getting around to interrogating the utility of blogs and asking reflexive questions about our employment of the medium. de Koning quotes my 9 February 2012 blog post, "Blogs as Anthropological Outreach," to illustrate why some of us value blogging, although he only excerpts the first of these two paragraphs:
I blog because I find it rewarding - there's excitement in knowing that people who probably wouldn't touch my journal articles are reading about my work and about other developments in bioarchaeology; there's joy when I get emails from up-and-coming researchers, as young as middle schoolers, who want advice on how to make bioarchaeology a career; and there's the interaction with my readers that doesn't come across in the unidirectional, static medium of a publication.
Blogging is an exercise in writing for a different public, an exercise in taking all that jargon you learned in your coursework, distilling it, injecting your own ideas, and making it interesting. Writing a blog has helped me refine my research and my prose, and I think that my public lectures and my successful grant proposals in particular have greatly benefited from the practice. I always wish I had more time to blog. There's just so much cool stuff out there to talk about, and so little time to write...
Logo for PbO
Strangely, towards the end of the article, de Koning concludes that, "we can tentatively say that anthropology blogs appear to reach out mostly to fellow academics" (2013:396). Considering the brevity of the article and the lack of any sort of concrete assessment of the range of anthropology blogs (see Anthropology Report for a good ecology of the anthro blogosphere), I was surprised by de Koning's conclusion. After all, he cites my blog, one of whose prominent, recurring features is a critique of the forensic anthropology on the popular FOX TV show Bones each week. Those posts are aimed at the general public, and I can say with certainty from my analytics, comments, and emails that non-academics are the main consumers of that information. Further, my posts have been picked up by a variety of internet sources such as The Daily Beast, The Browser: Writing Worth Reading, and CounterPunch. My most popular blog post of all time, "Lead Poisoning in Rome - The Skeletal Evidence" is based on my own research but is written for the public; to date, it has garnered over 28,000 views but the article it's based on (Montgomery et al. 2010) has just one citation according to Google Scholar. This is quantifiable public outreach.
Logo for AnthInPractice
de Koning also cites Krystal d'Costa's Anthropology in Practice, which is similarly aimed at a non-academic audience in spite of its location at Scientific American, and Krystal's writing has been showcased by such pop culture websites as BoingBoing. Other blogs by anthropologists enjoy broad readership as well: bioanthropologist Barbara J. King writes at NPR blogs; archaeologist Rosemary Joyce writes at Psychology Today; the American Anthropological Association has a high-profile platform at The Huffington Post, to which dozens of anthropologists have contributed posts. While many of these sites are directed at an educated audience, that audience is not composed entirely of academics. Anthropologists are talking to the public. And all of these anthropologists can tell you that the public is listening and responding in comments, tweets, Facebook shares, and email forwards. Those stats are also quantifiable public outreach.
Flyer for T. Harrenstein's Foursquare
anthro outreach project in Pensacola FL
I will agree with de Koning, however, that the majority of anthropology blogs are likely focused on talking to academics in the language of academia, although I have not surveyed the blogosphere to test this hypothesis. If true, it is unfortunate, since a whole world of audiences exists if we are only willing to learn how to write for and engage them in our discussions. We definitely, in de Koning's words, need to "realize the full potential for public anthropology by blogging," (2013:397), and it was to this end that I required each of the graduate students in my Presenting Anthropology seminar this semester to create and maintain a social media presence. What I found interesting from reading the students' reports this past weekend was that the majority of them felt most comfortable with Tumblr, a short-format blogging platform, and were wary of the often lengthy, academic-style posts that show up on such sites as Savage Minds. My students by and large reported more engagement, in quantity and quality, through their Tumblr posts than through more traditional blog posts, even when those posts were the same content. So one of the questions we need to reflect on as anthropologists interested in engaging the public is: Who is our audience, and how can we best reach them? Is blogging the key? If so, what platform, what format, what language do we use? Or should other social media avenues be explored? Rhetorical question, of course; the answer is a resounding YES! Web 2.0 is founded on dynamism, and if we want to talk to the public, we need to be similarly flexible in our approach to reaching out. For example, my grad student Tristan Harrenstein devised a ... Read more »
M. de Koning. (2013) Hello World! Challenges for blogging as anthropological outreach. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 19(2), 394-397. info:/10.1111/1467-9655.12040
J. Montgomery, J. Evans, S. Chenery, V. Pashley, K. Killgrove. (2010) 'Gleaming, white, and deadly': using lead to track human exposure and geographic origins in the Roman period in Britain. Journal of Roman Archaeology. info:/
Sabloff, J. (1998) Distinguished Lecture in Archeology: Communication and the Future of American Archaeology. American Anthropologist, 100(4), 869-875. DOI: 10.1525/aa.1998.100.4.869
- May 7, 2013
- 02:45 PM
- 45 views
New analysis suggests wind, not water, formed mound on Mars
by Perikis Livas in Tracing Knowledge
A roughly 3.5-mile high Martian mound that scientists suspect preserves evidence of a massive lake might actually have formed as a result of the Red Planet’s famously dusty atmosphere, an analysis of the mound’s features suggests. If correct, the research could dilute expectations that the mound holds evidence of a large body of water, which would have important implications for understanding Mars’ past habitability.... Read more »
Morgan Kelly. (2013) New analysis suggests wind, not water, formed mound on Mars. Princeton University Office of Communications. info:/
- May 7, 2013
- 12:32 AM
- 46 views
Make Chardonhay while the sun shines
by Michael Angus in Anthroblogenic Warning
I'll start this blog with a confession; it might just be an excuse to make terrible wine based puns like the one in the title, so I'd be grapeful if you would go easy on me. Eh? Eh? No, looks like nobody's going with it. Not going to fly this one. They're sauvignone of it. Alright, I'll stop. It is nice to have a topic which isn't all doom and gloom for once though, it's not easy trying to write a climate blog that doesn't descend into weeping sobs at the state of humanity somewhere in the conclusion. Luckily, today I'm discussing a paper published at the start of April in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Climate Change, Wine, and conservation. The hypothesis of this paper by Hannah et al. is fairly simple; if the climate is different in the future, the wine growing regions of the world (France, Australia, California etc.) will see different mean conditions and might therefore be better/worse at growing wine grapes. Testing the idea is not so simple, because there are a lot of variables that decide a good growing region; temperature, water availability, humidity, soil quality...the list goes on. So the problem isn't trivial, but like the good viticulturists they are, Hannah et al. have developed a method and published what they found. I don't want to get too bogged down in the methodology, since it's all in the paper I linked to and it's the pretty figures everybody wants to see, but I'll summarize briefly since it's hard to make conclusions if you don't know what the paper actually did. The authors took the current climatology from weather stations around the world over the period 1961-2000 and compared that to a projected average for 2041-2060 from 17 different global climate models. To condense this into one usable variable, they then applied a sustainability model to map out which areas are most affected, assuming carbon emissions continue to increase as they are now. The map in the paper is included below. So here, the red areas are currently growing wine, the green areas will continue to grow wine in 2050 and the blue areas are new regions that will be able to support vineyards. As you can see, if the authors are right, there will be some serious shifts in the regions we buy our wine from, particularly in the US and Europe. It's looking good for the North Eastern states and bad for California, while over on the other side of the Atlantic, Devon could be the next champagne (that just sounds wrong) while the Mediterranean might be losing a lot of it's growing potential.I think there is certainly room for healthy scepticism in a paper like this. For a start, Global climate models are notoriously bad at predicting rainfall regionally and the authors also use a Human Influence Index to account for things such as population changes, which must have quite a large room for error. However, that doesn't mean we should just throw our hands up and stop trying. It's an interesting approach, and changes in wine grape distributions are obviously important economically as well as being indicators of the movement of other types of plant and animals in a warming world.So I think that's the end of today's blog. Overall, an interesting and ambitious paper which serves as just one example of how things might be different 40 years from now. I'm sure I had something else to add here, but I can't think what it was. I'm drawing a Sauvignon Blanc. Hannah L, Roehrdanz PR, Ikegami M, Shepard AV, Shaw MR, Tabor G, Zhi L, Marquet PA, & Hijmans RJ (2013). Climate change, wine, and conservation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110 (17), 6907-12 PMID: 23569231... Read more »
Hannah L, Roehrdanz PR, Ikegami M, Shepard AV, Shaw MR, Tabor G, Zhi L, Marquet PA, & Hijmans RJ. (2013) Climate change, wine, and conservation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(17), 6907-12. PMID: 23569231
- May 4, 2013
- 03:39 AM
- 67 views
Google search basis undermines sunspot-winter coldness link
by Andy Extance in Simple Climate
A recent study linking cold winters in Europe to sunspots has updated bad science reaching back to the 19th century for the internet age, reveal Geert Jan van Oldenborgh from the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute and his colleagues, helped by an unholy alliance between Roger Pielke Sr and Stefan Rahmstorf.... Read more »
Sirocko, F., Brunck, H., & Pfahl, S. (2012) Solar influence on winter severity in central Europe. Geophysical Research Letters, 39(16). DOI: 10.1029/2012GL052412
Pittock, A. B. (1983) Solar variability, weather and climate: An update. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 109(459), 23-55. DOI: 10.1002/qj.49710945903
van Oldenborgh, G., de Laat, A., Luterbacher, J., Ingram, W., & Osborn, T. (2013) Claim of solar influence is on thin ice: are 11-year cycle solar minima associated with severe winters in Europe?. Environmental Research Letters, 8(2), 24014. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024014
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