by Ryan in The Martian Chronicles
There’s a new Nature Geoscience paper that has made a big splash in the Mars community, reviving interest in the possibility of a northern ocean. This news was making the rounds a couple weeks ago, but I decided to hold off because at last week’s Mars Journal Club we discussed the paper. The idea behind [...]... Read more »
Di Achille, G., & Hynek, B. (2010) Ancient ocean on Mars supported by global distribution of deltas and valleys. Nature Geoscience, 3(7), 459-463. DOI: 10.1038/ngeo891
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
What have people been talking about this week in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity?... Read more »
F. Courbin, M. Tewes, S. G. Djorgovski, D. Sluse, A. Mahabal, F. Rerat, & G. Meylan. (2010) First case of strong gravitational lensing by a QSO : SDSS J0013 1523 at z . Astronomy . arXiv: 1002.4991v2
Butt, Y. (2009) Beyond the myth of the supernova-remnant origin of cosmic rays. Nature, 460(7256), 701-704. DOI: 10.1038/nature08127
Daniel T. Cumberbatch, Joyce. A. Guzik, Joseph Silk, L. Scott Watson, & Stephen M. West. (2010) Light WIMPs in the Sun: Constraints from Helioseismology. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.5102v1
Miller, J. (2010) Laboratory experiment shows that noise can be lessened for LISA. Physics Today, 63(7), 14. DOI: 10.1063/1.3463616
Eugenio Bianchi, & Carlo Rovelli. (2010) Why all these prejudices against a constant?. arXiv. arXiv: 1002.3966v3
Attila Meszaros, Lajos G. Balazs, Zsolt Bagoly, & Peter Veres. (2010) Impact on cosmology of the celestial anisotropy of the short gamma-ray bursts. Baltic Astronomy, Vol.18, 293-296 (2009). arXiv: 1005.1558v1
Chris Clarkson, & Roy Maartens. (2010) Inhomogeneity and the foundations of concordance cosmology. Class. Quantum Grav. 27 124008 (2010). arXiv: 1005.2165v2
Mosconi, M., Fujii, K., Mengoni, A., Domingo-Pardo, C., Käppeler, F., Abbondanno, U., Aerts, G., Álvarez-Pol, H., Alvarez-Velarde, F., Andriamonje, S.... (2010) Neutron physics of the Re/Os clock. I. Measurement of the (n,γ) cross sections of ^{186,187,188}Os at the CERN n_TOF facility. Physical Review C, 82(1). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.015802
Nikodem J. Poplawski. (2010) Cosmology with torsion - an alternative to cosmic inflation. arXiv. arXiv: 1007.0587v1
The CDF Collaboration, & T. Aaltonen. (2009) Measurement of $d\sigma/dy$ of Drell-Yan $e^ e^-$ pairs in the $Z$ Mass Region from $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}. Physics Letters. arXiv: 0908.3914v4
Petr Horava, & Charles M. Melby-Thompson. (2010) General Covariance in Quantum Gravity at a Lifshitz Point. arXiv. arXiv: 1007.2410v1
Samuel E. Gralla, & Robert M. Wald. (2009) Derivation of Gravitational Self-Force. arXiv. arXiv: 0907.0414v1
J. Ambjorn, A. Goerlich, J. Jurkiewicz, & R. Loll. (2010) CDT---an Entropic Theory of Quantum Gravity. arXiv. arXiv: 1007.2560v1
by Charles Daney in Science and Reason
Quasars are powered by the gravitational (potential) energy of their central supermassive black holes. However, their distinctive features – their extremely high luminosity in particular – are very dependent on characteristics of matter close to the black hole. Most supermassive black holes (SMBH), including those at the centers of the Milky Way and our close neighbor M31 (Andromeda), are responsible for fairly small amounts of radiation in any part of the electromagnetic spectrum. T........ Read more »
Jiang, L., Fan, X., Brandt, W., Carilli, C., Egami, E., Hines, D., Kurk, J., Richards, G., Shen, Y., Strauss, M.... (2010) Dust-free quasars in the early Universe. Nature, 464(7287), 380-383. DOI: 10.1038/nature08877
by Emma in we are all in the gutter
I’m in need of some cheering up today, as the fun observations I wanted to make with the Herschel Space Telescope have turned out to be impossible. Luckily, this observation planning also involved a lot of procrastination, which led me to this: the Dumb Or Overly Forced Astronomical Acronyms Site (DOOFAAS). On this site astronomer [...]... Read more »
John F. Beacom, & Mark R. Vagins. (2003) GADZOOKS! Antineutrino Spectroscopy with Large Water Cerenkov Detectors. Phys.Rev.Lett. 93 (2004) 171101. arXiv: hep-ph/0309300v1
by Kelly Oakes in Basic Space
It is widely known (among astrophysicists at least!) that disks of accumulated matter are an essential component in the formation of low mass stars. These disks form when a rotating cloud of dust and gas collapses, and they direct material from the cloud onto a protostar at the centre. This protostar keeps accreting more and [...]... Read more »
Kraus, S., Hofmann, K., Menten, K., Schertl, D., Weigelt, G., Wyrowski, F., Meilland, A., Perraut, K., Petrov, R., Robbe-Dubois, S.... (2010) A hot compact dust disk around a massive young stellar object. Nature, 466(7304), 339-342. DOI: 10.1038/nature09174
by Kelly Oakes in Basic Space
The Eddington luminosity is the exact brightness a black hole has when the outwards and inwards forces on it balance. It may seem strange to talk about the brightness of a black hole, as usually we think of them as not letting anything – including light – escape their gravitational pull, but in reality this [...]... Read more »
Pakull, M., Soria, R., & Motch, C. (2010) A 300-parsec-long jet-inflated bubble around a powerful microquasar in the galaxy NGC 7793. Nature, 466(7303), 209-212. DOI: 10.1038/nature09168
by Joseph Smidt in The Eternal Universe
The big bang produced only Hydrogen and Helium with trace amounts of Lithium. (For the most part.) This is a problem for star formation because stars need to be "cool" to form and typically you need heavier elements to help the star cool off. This is why:
Gravity pulls mass together. However, as matter gets pulled together it heats up and this heat causes the matter to want to expend again.
... Read more »
Kreckel, H., Bruhns, H., Cizek, M., Glover, S., Miller, K., Urbain, X., & Savin, D. (2010) Experimental Results for H2 Formation from H- and H and Implications for First Star Formation. Science, 329(5987), 69-71. DOI: 10.1126/science.1187191
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
What have people been talking about this week in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity?
Sorry for the very half-assed post, it’s midnight in Mexico City and it was a long day at GR19.... Read more »
Eugenio J. Rivera, Gregory Laughlin, R. Paul Butler, Steven S. Vogt, Nader Haghighipour, & Stefano Meschiari. (2010) The Lick-Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: A Uranus-mass Fourth Planet for GJ 876 in an Extrasolar Laplace Configuration. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.4244v1
Kreckel, H., Bruhns, H., Cizek, M., Glover, S., Miller, K., Urbain, X., & Savin, D. (2010) Experimental Results for H2 Formation from H- and H and Implications for First Star Formation. Science, 329(5987), 69-71. DOI: 10.1126/science.1187191
Michel-Dansac, L., Duc, P., Bournaud, F., Cuillandre, J., Emsellem, E., Oosterloo, T., Morganti, R., Serra, P., & Ibata, R. (2010) A COLLISIONAL ORIGIN FOR THE LEO RING. The Astrophysical Journal, 717(2). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/717/2/L143
Eisenhardt, P., Griffith, R., Stern, D., Wright, E., Ashby, M., Brodwin, M., Brown, M., Bussmann, R., Dey, A., Ghez, A.... (2010) ULTRACOOL FIELD BROWN DWARF CANDIDATES SELECTED AT 4.5 μm. The Astronomical Journal, 139(6), 2455-2464. DOI: 10.1088/0004-6256/139/6/2455
Hüdepohl, L., Müller, B., Janka, H., Marek, A., & Raffelt, G. (2010) Neutrino Signal of Electron-Capture Supernovae from Core Collapse to Cooling. Physical Review Letters, 104(25). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.251101
Andersson, N. (2010) Gravity: Trying to catch the wave. Nature Physics, 6(7), 484-485. DOI: 10.1038/nphys1723
Pfrommer, C., & Jonathan Dursi, L. (2010) Detecting the orientation of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters. Nature Physics, 6(7), 520-526. DOI: 10.1038/nphys1657
Mendoza, M., Boghosian, B., Herrmann, H., & Succi, S. (2010) Fast Lattice Boltzmann Solver for Relativistic Hydrodynamics. Physical Review Letters, 105(1). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.014502
Luis Lehner, & Frans Pretorius. (2010) Black Strings, Low Viscosity Fluids, and Violation of Cosmic Censorship. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.5960v1
Jonathan J. Heckman, & Cumrun Vafa. (2010) An Exceptional Sector for F-theory GUTs. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.5459v1
are the violent explosions of massive stars, so bright that the events can be seen in distant galaxies. But not all apparent explosions are genuine supernovae. Some fall into the category of , the sudden increase in brightness of a star without the terminal explosion. One such impostor event was the , a star which is amongst the most massive known in the Milky Way. Located 7,500 light years away in the constellation of Carina, the star is five million times more luminous than the Sun and an est........ Read more »
Mehner, A., Davidson, K., Humphreys, R., Martin, J., Ishibashi, K., Ferland, G., & Walborn, N. (2010) A SEA CHANGE IN ETA CARINAE . The Astrophysical Journal, 717(1). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/717/1/L22
by agoldstein in WiSci
In The Odyssey, the oracle Theoclymenus delivers a speech portending the suitors’ deaths at the hand of Odysseus. However, some scholars believe that Homer, the poem’s author, was also describing a total solar eclipse.... Read more »
Baikouzis, C., & Magnasco, M. (2008) From the Cover: Is an eclipse described in the Odyssey?. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105(26), 8823-8828. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803317105
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
What have people been talking about this week in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity, and a little bit of quantum mechanics?... Read more »
Lyne, A., Hobbs, G., Kramer, M., Stairs, I., & Stappers, B. (2010) Switched Magnetospheric Regulation of Pulsar Spin-Down. Science. DOI: 10.1126/science.1186683
H. Rampadarath, M. A. Garrett, G. I. G. Józsa, T. Muxlow, T. A. Oosterloo, Z. Paragi1, R. Beswick, H. van Arkel, W. C. Keel, & K. Schawinski. (2010) Hanny's Voorwerp: Evidence of AGN activity and a nuclear starburst in the central regions of IC 2497. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.4096v1
Norbert Przybilla, Alfred Tillich, Ulrich Heber, & Ralf-Dieter Scholz. (2010) Weighing the Galactic dark matter halo: a lower mass limit from the fastest halo star known. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.5026v1
Andresen, G., Bertsche, W., Bowe, P., Bray, C., Butler, E., Cesar, C., Chapman, S., Charlton, M., Fajans, J., & Fujiwara, M. (2010) Antihydrogen formation dynamics in a multipolar neutral anti-atom trap. Physics Letters B, 685(2-3), 141-145. DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2010.01.066
Shaun A. Thomas, Filipe B. Abdalla, & Ofer Lahav. (2010) Upper bound of 0.28 eV on neutrino masses from the largest photometric redshift survey. |Physical Review Letters. info:/
The CDMS II Collaboration. (2010) Dark Matter Search Results from the CDMS II Experiment. Science, 327(5973), 1619-1621. DOI: 10.1126/science.1186112
Tarun Biswas. (2010) Through the Black Hole -- On Not Breaking Time Reversal Symmetry. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.4185v1
A. Garrett Lisi. (2010) An Explicit Embedding of Gravity and the Standard Model in E8. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.4908v1
Ian D. Leroux, Monika H. Schleier-Smith, & Vladan Vuletić. (2010) Orientation-Dependent Entanglement Lifetime in a Squeezed Atomic Clock. Physical Review Letters. info:/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.250801
Schultze, M., Fiess, M., Karpowicz, N., Gagnon, J., Korbman, M., Hofstetter, M., Neppl, S., Cavalieri, A., Komninos, Y., Mercouris, T.... (2010) Delay in Photoemission. Science, 328(5986), 1658-1662. DOI: 10.1126/science.1189401
by Professor Astronomy in Professor Astronomy
Image Credit: NASA / Spitzer / JPL-Caltech
White dwarfs, the slowly cooling remains of stars that have completed their life cycles, often seem to be the zombies of the night sky, devouring anything that happens to stray within their grasp. In an article that will be appearing in an upcoming issue of the Astrophysical Journal, astronomers Patrick Dufour, Mukremin Kilic and collaborators discuss a recently-discovered white dwarf that seems to have devoured a dwarf planet. Its name:&........ Read more »
P. Dufour, M. Kilic, G. Fontaine, P. Bergeron, F. -R. Lachapelle, S. J. Kleinman, & S. K. Leggett. (2010) The Discovery of the Most Metal-Rich White Dwarf: Composition of a Tidally Disrupted Extrasolar Dwarf Planet. The Astrophysical Journal. arXiv: 1006.3710v1
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
What have people been talking about this week in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity?... Read more »
T. van Zoest, N. Gaaloul, Y. Singh, H. Ahlers, W. Herr, S. T. Seidel, W. Ertmer, E. Rasel, M. Eckart, E. Kajari, S. Arnold, G. Nandi, W. P. Schleich, R. Walser, A. Vogel, K. Sengstock, K. Bongs, W. Lewoczko-Adamczyk, M. Schiemangk, T. Schuldt, A. Peters, . (2010) Bose-Einstein Condensation in Microgravity. Science , 328(5985), 1540-1543. info:/10.1126/science.1189164
Andrea Mehner, Kris Davidson, Roberta M. Humphreys, John C. Martin, Kazunori Ishibashi, Gary J. Ferland, & Nolan R. Walborn. (2010) A Sea Change in Eta Carinae. arXiv. arXiv: 1004.3529v3
Bogdan A. Dobrescu, Patrick J. Fox, & Adam Martin. (2010) CP violation in B_s mixing from heavy Higgs exchange. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.4238v2
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
What have people been talking about this week in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity?... Read more »
Christophe Ringeval, Teruaki Suyama, Tomo Takahashi, Masahide Yamaguchi, & Shuichiro Yokoyama. (2010) Dark energy from primordial inflationary quantum fluctuations. arXiv. arXiv: 1006.0368v1
U. Sawangwit, & T. Shanks. (2009) Beam profile sensitivity of the WMAP CMB power spectrum. arXiv. arXiv: 0912.0524v2
Feldman, D., Liu, Z., Nath, P., & Peim, G. (2010) Multicomponent dark matter in supersymmetric hidden sector extensions. Physical Review D, 81(9). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.81.095017
K. S. Cheng, Yun-Wei Yu, & T. Harko. (2010) High Redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts: Observational Signatures of Superconducting Cosmic Strings?. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.3427v2
by Greg Fish in weird things
Around the web, headlines are buzzing about alleged evidence for life on Saturn’s biggest moon Titan, citing a paper which noted a suspicious lack of hydrogen build-up in the lower atmosphere and listing among many a mundane explanation, the possibility of methane-based life. Now, while on this blog I discussed that it’s not impossible to [...]... Read more »
by S.C. Kavassalis in The Language of Bad Physics
This is the first post in a new weekly series looking at what is making the (science) news in high energy physics, astrophysics, gravitation, general relativity and quantum gravity, and, perhaps more importantly, do the stories mean what we think they mean.
What have people been talking about this week?... Read more »
Rochau, B., Brandner, W., Stolte, A., Gennaro, M., Gouliermis, D., Da Rio, N., Dzyurkevich, N., & Henning, T. (2010) INTERNAL DYNAMICS AND MEMBERSHIP OF THE NGC 3603 YOUNG CLUSTER FROM MICROARCSECOND ASTROMETRY. The Astrophysical Journal, 716(1). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/716/1/L90
Evans, C., Walborn, N., Crowther, P., Hénault-Brunet, V., Massa, D., Taylor, W., Howarth, I., Sana, H., Lennon, D., & van Loon, J. (2010) A MASSIVE RUNAWAY STAR FROM 30 DORADUS. The Astrophysical Journal, 715(2). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/715/2/L74
D. Batcheldor, A. Robinson, D. J. Axon, E. S. Perlman, & D. Merritt. (2010) A Displaced Supermassive Black Hole in M87. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.2173v1
Hammer, N., Janka, H., & Müller, E. (2010) THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF MIXING INSTABILITIES IN SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS. The Astrophysical Journal, 714(2), 1371-1385. DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/714/2/1371
Garofalo, D., Evans, D., & Sambruna, R. (2010) The evolution of radio-loud active galactic nuclei as a function of black hole spin. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16797.x
Meng Su, Tracy R. Slatyer, & Douglas P. Finkbeiner. (2010) Giant Gamma-ray Bubbles from Fermi-LAT: AGN Activity or Bipolar Galactic Wind?. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.5480v1
Kanekar, N., Chengalur, J., & Ghosh, T. (2010) PROBING FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANT EVOLUTION WITH REDSHIFTED CONJUGATE-SATELLITE OH LINES. The Astrophysical Journal, 716(1). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/716/1/L23
The D0 Collaboration, & V. M. Abazov. (2010) Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry. arXiv. arXiv: 1005.2757v1
Eder Izaguirre, Michael Manhart, & Jay G. Wacker. (2010) Bigger, Better, Faster, More at the LHC. arXiv. arXiv: 1003.3886v1
Gale, C. (2010) Taking the temperature of extreme matter. Physics. DOI: 10.1103/Physics.3.28
Kribs, G., Roy, T., Terning, J., & Zurek, K. (2010) Quirky composite dark matter. Physical Review D, 81(9). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.81.095001
Most of the discovered so far are in the class known as "", large gas giants orbiting close to their parent stars, since many of the search techniques used are most sensitive to this type of planet. Usually these planets are located close enough to their parent star that they orbit in just a few days, but a team that is orbiting so close to its parent star that it is actually being disrupted.The planet, known as WASP-12b, is located in the constellation of Auriga and was discovered in the , or........ Read more »
Fossati, L., Haswell, C., Froning, C., Hebb, L., Holmes, S., Kolb, U., Helling, C., Carter, A., Wheatley, P., Cameron, A.... (2010) METALS IN THE EXOSPHERE OF THE HIGHLY IRRADIATED PLANET WASP-12b. The Astrophysical Journal, 714(2). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/714/2/L222
One of the most spectacular examples of a star formation region in the nearby universe is , also known as the , located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This region is a giant stellar nursery, similar to the , but much larger, containing many clusters of recently formed young, hot stars. Some of the young stars in the nebula are many tens of times more massive than the Sun, making them some of the most massive stars known. New observations, on May 5th, show that one particular star is travelling ........ Read more »
Evans, C., Walborn, N., Crowther, P., Hénault-Brunet, V., Massa, D., Taylor, W., Howarth, I., Sana, H., Lennon, D., & van Loon, J. (2010) A MASSIVE RUNAWAY STAR FROM 30 DORADUS. The Astrophysical Journal, 715(2). DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/715/2/L74
Most supernovae are classified as one of two different types of explosion: single massive short-lived stars that explode when their cores run out of fuel at the end of their lives and undergo gravitational collapse, and old evolved white dwarfs in binary systems which accrete hydrogen from a companion star before exploding catastrophically.; are generally seen only in regions of ongoing star formation since, by stellar standards, their supergiant progenitors do not live for very long. In contra........ Read more »
Perets, H., Gal-Yam, A., Mazzali, P., Arnett, D., Kagan, D., Filippenko, A., Li, W., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S., Fox, D.... (2010) A faint type of supernova from a white dwarf with a helium-rich companion. Nature, 465(7296), 322-325. DOI: 10.1038/nature09056
Kawabata, K., Maeda, K., Nomoto, K., Taubenberger, S., Tanaka, M., Deng, J., Pian, E., Hattori, T., & Itagaki, K. (2010) A massive star origin for an unusual helium-rich supernova in an elliptical galaxy. Nature, 465(7296), 326-328. DOI: 10.1038/nature09055
Closer to home, the planet Venus shows large amounts of evidence of volcanic activity. Despite being shrouded under a thick layer of cloud, spacecraft have been able to map the surface of our nearest neighbour using radar, leading to the realisation that much of the planet's surface is comparatively young, suggesting that at some point in the recent past the planet underwent a complete resurfacing. However the question remains whether Venus is currently a geologically active planet.... Read more »
Smrekar, S., Stofan, E., Mueller, N., Treiman, A., Elkins-Tanton, L., Helbert, J., Piccioni, G., & Drossart, P. (2010) Recent Hotspot Volcanism on Venus from VIRTIS Emissivity Data. Science, 328(5978), 605-608. DOI: 10.1126/science.1186785
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