All posts; Tags Include "Evolutionary Anthropology"
- December 3, 2013
- 05:17 PM
- 735 views
Secrets in python genome
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
“One of the fundamental questions of evolutionary biology is how vertebrates with all the same genes display such vastly different characteristics. The Burmese python is a great way to study that because it is so extreme,” Castoe, who began working on the python project as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Colorado School of Medicine in the laboratory of associate professor and paper corresponding author David D. Pollock.
Castoe said: “We’d like to know how th........ Read more »
Todd A. Castoe et.al. (2013) The Burmese python genome reveals the molecular basis for extreme adaptation in snakes. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1314475110
Freek J. Vonk et.al. (2013) The king cobra genome reveals dynamic gene evolution and adaptation in the snake venom system. PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1314702110
- December 3, 2013
- 10:38 AM
- 928 views
Shapes of Things to Come
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Shapes of Things to Come: Exotic Shapes for Liquid Drops Have Many Possible Uses
Berkeley Lab
Reference paper
Stabilizing Liquid Drops in Nonequilibrium Shapes by the Interfacial Jamming of Nanoparticles
Science
Further reading
Polymer Scientists Jam Nanoparticles, Trapping Liquids into Useful Shapes
University of Massachusetts Amherst... Read more »
Cui M, Emrick T, & Russell TP. (2013) Stabilizing liquid drops in nonequilibrium shapes by the interfacial jamming of nanoparticles. Science (New York, N.Y.), 342(6157), 460-3. PMID: 24159042
- November 27, 2013
- 06:53 AM
- 745 views
Implantable slimming aid
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Implantable slimming aid
ETH-Zurich biotechnologists have constructed a genetic regulatory circuit from human components that monitors blood-fat levels. In response to excessive levels, it produces a messenger substance that signalises satiety to the body. Tests on obese mice reveal that this helps them to lose weight.___ ETH Zurich
Reference paper
A closed-loop synthetic gene circuit for the treatment of diet-induced obesity in mice
Diet-induced obesity is a lifestyl........ Read more »
Katrin Rössger, Ghislaine Charpin-El-Hamri, & Martin Fussenegger. (2013) A closed-loop synthetic gene circuit for the treatment of diet-induced obesity in mice. Nature Communications. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3825
- November 24, 2013
- 05:27 PM
- 816 views
Scientists Prove X-ray Laser Can Solve Protein Structures from Scratch
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
A study shows for the first time that X-ray lasers can be used to generate a complete 3-D model of a protein without any prior knowledge of its structure.
An international team of researchers working at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory produced from scratch an accurate model of lysozyme, a well-studied enzyme found in egg whites, using the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) X-ray laser and sophisticated computer analysis tools.... Read more »
Thomas R. M. Barends,, Lutz Foucar,, Sabine Botha,, R. Bruce Doak,, Robert L. Shoeman,, Karol Nass,, Jason E. Koglin,, Garth J. Williams,, Sébastien Boutet,, Marc Messerschmidt,.... (2013) De novo protein crystal structure determination from X-ray free-electron laser data. Nature . DOI: 10.1038/nature12773
- November 22, 2013
- 11:47 AM
- 1,014 views
Scientists show how cells protect their DNA from catastrophic damage
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have unveiled a profound biological process that explains how DNA can be damaged during genome replication. In addition, the scientists developed a new analytical tool to measure the cell’s response to chemotherapy, which could have an important impact on future cancer therapy. The results are now published in the scientific journal Cell.... Read more »
Luis Ignacio Toledo, Matthias Altmeyer, Maj-Britt Rask, Claudia Lukas, Dorthe Helena Larsen, Lou Klitgaard Povlsen, Simon Bekker-Jensen, Niels Mailand, Jiri Bartek, Jiri Lukas. (2013) ATR Prohibits Replication Catastrophe by Preventing Global Exhaustion of RPA. Cell. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.10.043
- November 22, 2013
- 05:13 AM
- 1,091 views
Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
We report on results of an all-sky search for high-energy neutrino events interacting within the IceCube neutrino detector conducted between May 2010 and May 2012.
Science | DOI: 10.1126/science.1242856
Further Reading and Links
IceCube pushes neutrinos to the forefront of astronomy
“This is the first indication of very high-energy neutrinos coming from outside our solar system, with en........ Read more »
IceCube Collaboration. (2013) Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector. Science AAAS. DOI: 10.1126/science.1242856
- November 21, 2013
- 12:31 PM
- 919 views
Underwater “tree rings” show 650 years of sea ice change
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Underwater “tree rings” show 650 years of sea ice change
Calcite crusts of arctic algae help reconstruct climate and improve modelling of climate change to come…
___ Lanna Crucefix | November 19, 2013 | Original online publication University of Toronto Mississauga
Reference Paper
Arctic sea-ice decline archived by multicentury annual-resolution record from crustose coralline algal proxy
Northern Hemisphere sea ice has been declining sharply over th........ Read more »
Halfar J, Adey WH, Kronz A, Hetzinger S, Edinger E, & Fitzhugh WW. (2013) Arctic sea-ice decline archived by multicentury annual-resolution record from crustose coralline algal proxy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PMID: 24248344
- November 19, 2013
- 04:25 PM
- 749 views
Mitochondrial Mystery
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Mitochondrial Mystery
Investigating cells’ power packs fuels understanding of rare, and common, diseases
”Right now we don’t know what’s chicken and what’s egg. Are the cells dying and as a consequence the mitochondria are swelling up with calcium? Or are mitochondria swelling up with calcium and driving the pathology?” ___Vamsi Mootha
By STEPHANIE DUTCHEN
November 15, 2013
___Harvard Medical School
Reference paper
EMRE is an E........ Read more »
Sancak Y, Markhard AL, Kitami T, Kovács-Bogdán E, Kamer KJ, Udeshi ND, Carr SA, Chaudhuri D, Clapham DE, Li AA.... (2013) EMRE is an Essential Component of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Complex. Science (New York, N.Y.). PMID: 24231807
- November 18, 2013
- 08:09 AM
- 1,300 views
Two for one in solar power
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featured article
Two for one in solar power
A process that could revolutionise solar energy harvesting has been efficiently demonstrated in solution for the first time__The University of Cambridge
We are only beginning to understand how this process works, and as we learn more we expect improvements in the technology to follow
Brian Walker
18 Nov 2013 | Original online publication The University of Cambridge
Reference Paper
Singlet exciton fission in solution
Brian J. Walker........ Read more »
Brian J. Walker,, Andrew J. Musser,, David Beljonne,, & Richard H. Friend. (2013) Singlet exciton fission in solution. Nature Chemistry. DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1801
- November 17, 2013
- 10:37 AM
- 935 views
A History of Slavery and Genocide Is Hidden in Modern DNA
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Featuring article
A History of Slavery and Genocide Is Hidden in Modern DNA
November 15, 2013 | Posted By: Joseph Stromberg | Original online publication Smithsonian.com
There are plenty of ways to study history. You can conduct archaeological digs, examining the artifacts and structures buried under the ground to learn about past lifestyles. You can read historical texts, perusing the written record to better understand events that occurred long ago.
But an international group of medica........ Read more »
Andrés Moreno-Estrada, Simon Gravel, Fouad Zakharia, Jacob L. McCauley, Jake K. Byrnes, Christopher R. Gignoux, Patricia A. Ortiz-Tello, Ricardo J. Martínez, Dale J. Hedges, Richard W. Morris.... (2013) Reconstructing the Population Genetic History of the Caribbean. PloS Genetics. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003925
- November 15, 2013
- 05:49 AM
- 871 views
To be a Spartan
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
To be a Spartan: Spartan psychology and living
parts I & II
Nowadays, most military experts consider the Spartan hoplites as the first real elite soldiers in World History. This conclusion is not surprising. Almost the only criterion for characterizing a Spartan man as good or no good, depended on his behavior in battle. What should never happen to him, was to lack in battle [...]
by Periklis Deligiannis... Read more »
Periklis Deligiannis. (2013) To be a Spartan: Spartan psychology and living parts I . Delving into History. info:/
- November 14, 2013
- 08:18 AM
- 1,019 views
Black hole jets pack a powerful punch
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
Black hole jets pack a powerful punch
High-speed ‘jets’ spat out by black holes pack a lot of power because they contain heavy atoms, astronomers have found.
“Jets from supermassive black holes help determine a galaxy’s fate.”
Dr Tasso Tzioumis, CSIRO
ESA
ESA XMM-Newton Mission Overview
(Report) Black hole boasts heavyweight jets
Mesons | Hyper Physics | Georgia State niversity
NATURE | LETTER
Baryons in the relativistic jets of the ........ Read more »
María Díaz Trigo, James C. A. Miller-Jones, Simone Migliari, Jess W. Broderick, & Tasso Tzioumis. (2013) Baryons in the relativistic jets of the stellar-mass black-hole candidate 4U 1630-47. Nature. DOI: 10.1038/nature12672
- November 11, 2013
- 07:26 AM
- 728 views
All aboard the nanotrain network
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
All aboard the nanotrain network
Tiny self-assembling transport networks, powered by nano-scale motors and controlled by DNA, have been developed by scientists at Oxford University and Warwick University.
The system can construct its own network of tracks spanning tens of micrometres in length, transport cargo across the network and even dismantle the tracks.___ The University of Oxford
Reference paper
Transport and self-organization across different length scales powered by m........ Read more »
Adam J. M. Wollman, Carlos Sanchez-Cano, Helen M. J. Carstairs, Robert A. Cross, & Andrew J. Turberfield. (2013) Transport and self-organization across different length scales powered by motor proteins and programmed by DNA. Nature Nanotechnology. DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.230
- November 11, 2013
- 05:54 AM
- 1,095 views
How zinc starves lethal bacteria to stop infection
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
How zinc starves lethal bacteria to stop infection
“This work spans fields from chemistry and biochemistry to microbiology and immunology to see, at an atomic level of detail, how this transport protein is responsible for keeping the bacteria alive by scavenging one essential metal (manganese), but at the same time also makes the bacteria vulnerable to being killed by another metal (zinc),”
says Professor Bostjan Kobe, Professor of Structural Biology at The University of........ Read more »
Rafael M Couñago,, Miranda P Ween,, Stephanie L Begg,, Megha Bajaj,, Johannes Zuegg,, Megan L O'Mara,, Matthew A Cooper,, Alastair G McEwan,, James C Paton,, Bostjan Kobe,.... (2013) Imperfect coordination chemistry facilitates metal ion release in the Psa permease. Nature Chemical Biology. DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1382
- November 8, 2013
- 11:14 AM
- 801 views
Plant cell architecture
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
Plant cell architecture: Growth toward a light source
Inside every plant cell, a cytoskeleton provides an interior scaffolding to direct construction of the cell’s walls, and thus the growth of the organism as a whole. Environmental and hormonal signals that modulate cell growth cause reorganization of this scaffolding. New research led by Carnegie’s David Ehrhardt provides surprising evidence as to how this reorganization process works, with important evidence as to how ........ Read more »
Jelmer J. Lindeboom, Masayoshi Nakamura, Anneke Hibbel, Kostya Shundyak, Ryan Gutierrez, Tijs Ketelaar, Anne Mie C. Emons, Bela M. Mulder, Viktor Kirik, & David W. Ehrhardt. (2013) A Mechanism for Reorientation of Cortical Microtubule Arrays Driven by Microtubule Severing. Science. DOI: 10.1126/science.1245533
- November 8, 2013
- 08:13 AM
- 707 views
Tracking young salmon’s first moves in the ocean
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Article
Tracking young salmon’s first moves in the ocean
After their birth in fresh water, salmon migrate to the ocean, where they must quickly adapt to an environment unlike anything they’ve experienced before.
Ocean conditions play a huge role in determining the behavior of young migrating salmon, according to new research.
The findings inform restoration policies and practices focused on boosting endangered salmon species in the Pacific Northwest. __Tom Rickey, PNNL
Refe........ Read more »
Geoffrey A McMichael, Amanda C Hanson, Ryan A Harnish, & Donna M Trott. (2013) Juvenile salmonid migratory behavior at the mouth of the Columbia River and within the plume. Animal Biotelemetry. DOI: 10.1186/2050-3385-1-14
- November 7, 2013
- 11:46 AM
- 747 views
Schrödinger’s Turtle
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Introduction
Animal-borne instruments provide researchers with valuable data to address important questions on wildlife ecology and conservation. However, these devices have known impacts on animal behaviour and energetics. Tags deployed on migrating animals may reduce reproductive output through increased energy demands or cause phenological mismatches of foraging and nesting events. For marine organisms, the only tagging guidelines that exist are based on lift and thrust impacts on birds &........ Read more »
T. Todd Jones, Kyle S. Van Houtan, Brian L. Bostrom, Peter Ostafichuk, Jon Mikkelsen, Emre Tezcan, Michael Carey, Brittany Imlach, & Jeffrey A. Seminoff. (2013) Calculating the ecological impacts of animal-borne instruments on aquatic organisms. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12109
- November 6, 2013
- 07:26 AM
- 1,073 views
Quantum ‘sealed envelope’ system enables “perfectly secure” information storage
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
Introduction
Featured article
Quantum ‘sealed envelope’ system enables “perfectly secure” information storage
The University of Cambridge
Breakthrough guarantees “unconditional” security of information by harnessing quantum theory and relativity, and has been successfully demonstrated on a global scale for the first time.
I see this as the first step towards a global network of information controlled by the combined power of relativity and quantum ........ Read more »
T. Lunghi, J. Kaniewski, F. Bussieres, R. Houlmann, M. Tomamichel, A. Kent, N. Gisin, S. Wehner, & H. Zbinden. (2013) Experimental bit commitment based on quantum communication and special relativity. American Physical Society. arXiv: 1306.4801v2
- November 5, 2013
- 03:00 PM
- 729 views
Life, but not as we know it
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
A rudimentary form of life that is found in some of the harshest environments on earth is able to sidestep normal replication processes and reproduce by the back door, researchers at The University of Nottingham have found.
The findings, led by scientists from the University’s School of Life Sciences, could offer new insights into how defective cells can multiply out of control in diseases such as cancer.... Read more »
Hawkins M, Malla S, Blythe MJ, Nieduszynski CA, & Allers T. (2013) Accelerated growth in the absence of DNA replication origins. Nature. PMID: 24185008
- November 4, 2013
- 03:53 PM
- 829 views
Short-Circuiting Depression
by Perikis Livas in Chilon
A decade ago, Helen Mayberg first tried to treat a person with depression through deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the brain region called area 25. She and other groups, some targeting different brain regions, have subsequently used DBS to treat depression in more than 200 people. Between 40% and 60% of these patients demonstrated significant improvements, she says. The prospect that this experimental procedure can bring recovery for people who had given up hope has “reinvigorated the field........ Read more »
Emily Underwood. (2013) Short-Circuiting Depression. Science, 342(6158), 548-551. DOI: 10.1126/science.342.6158.548
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