All posts; Tags Include "Public Policy"
- September 18, 2016
- 07:03 AM
- 134 views
5 Things We Learned This Week | Open-Access Science | Week 37, 2016
by TakFurTheKaffe in Tak Fur The Kaffe
New theories in ocean circulation and acidification, shorter sea ice season in polar bear habitats, and new tools to track bird migrations and hair protein analysis in forensic IDs. Here are five of the latest scientific studies published open-access this week.... Read more »
Klockmann, M., Mikolajewicz, U., & Marotzke, J. (2016) The effect of greenhouse gas concentrations and ice sheets on the glacial AMOC in a coupled climate model. Climate of the Past, 12(9), 1829-1846. DOI: 10.5194/cp-12-1829-2016
Sutton, A., Sabine, C., Feely, R., Cai, W., Cronin, M., McPhaden, M., Morell, J., Newton, J., Noh, J., Ólafsdóttir, S.... (2016) Using present-day observations to detect when anthropogenic change forces surface ocean carbonate chemistry outside preindustrial bounds. Biogeosciences, 13(17), 5065-5083. DOI: 10.5194/bg-13-5065-2016
Stern, H., & Laidre, K. (2016) Sea-ice indicators of polar bear habitat. The Cryosphere, 10(5), 2027-2041. DOI: 10.5194/tc-10-2027-2016
Shamoun-Baranes, J., Farnsworth, A., Aelterman, B., Alves, J., Azijn, K., Bernstein, G., Branco, S., Desmet, P., Dokter, A., Horton, K.... (2016) Innovative Visualizations Shed Light on Avian Nocturnal Migration. PLOS ONE, 11(8). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160106
Parker, G., Leppert, T., Anex, D., Hilmer, J., Matsunami, N., Baird, L., Stevens, J., Parsawar, K., Durbin-Johnson, B., Rocke, D.... (2016) Demonstration of Protein-Based Human Identification Using the Hair Shaft Proteome. PLOS ONE, 11(9). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160653
- September 1, 2016
- 10:19 AM
- 217 views
Responsible resurrection: The ecology of de-extinction
by gdw in FictionalFieldwork
March of the mammoths Improvements in our genetic tinkering capabilities have led several people to suggest potential uses for our newfound powers. Although we ought to add some nuance and note that those powers are still in development. In any case, one of those powers is quite impressive. De-extinction, or the process of bringing back […]... Read more »
Seddon PJ, Griffiths CJ, Soorae PS, & Armstrong DP. (2014) Reversing defaunation: restoring species in a changing world. Science, 345(6195), 406-12. PMID: 25061203
McCauley, D., Hardesty-Moore, M., Halpern, B., & Young, H. (2016) A mammoth undertaking: harnessing insight from functional ecology to shape de-extinction priority setting. Functional Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12728
- July 21, 2016
- 10:08 AM
- 395 views
The decline of biodiversity: Past the point of no return?
by gdw in FictionalFieldwork
Mohi looks up at her mother. Confused. Afraid. Mother had always said that she had to keep her filtration veil on when they left their housedome. But now, here stood her mother, unveiled. The woman gifted an encouraging nod to her young daughter. Mohi removed her veil. Air! Light! The freshness of the breeze and […]... Read more »
Steffen W, Richardson K, Rockström J, Cornell SE, Fetzer I, Bennett EM, Biggs R, Carpenter SR, de Vries W, de Wit CA.... (2015) Sustainability. Planetary boundaries: guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 347(6223). PMID: 25592418
Newbold T, Hudson LN, Arnell AP, Contu S, De Palma A, Ferrier S, Hill SL, Hoskins AJ, Lysenko I, Phillips HR.... (2016) Has land use pushed terrestrial biodiversity beyond the planetary boundary? A global assessment. Science, 353(6296), 288-91. PMID: 27418509
Oliver TH. (2016) How much biodiversity loss is too much?. Science, 353(6296), 220-1. PMID: 27418489
- February 28, 2016
- 08:35 AM
- 725 views
Week 8 In Review: Open-Access Science | 22 to 28 Feb
by TakFurTheKaffe in Tak Fur The Kaffe
Sea level rose faster in the 20th century than in any other century of the last 3,000 years, new methods for estimating future sea level rise and heat waves, consumers to blame for their carbon footprint, and new virtual forests predict future impacts of climate change. Here are five of the latest scientific studies published open-access this week.... Read more »
Kopp, R., Kemp, A., Bittermann, K., Horton, B., Donnelly, J., Gehrels, W., Hay, C., Mitrovica, J., Morrow, E., & Rahmstorf, S. (2016) Temperature-driven global sea-level variability in the Common Era. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201517056. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1517056113
Mengel, M., Levermann, A., Frieler, K., Robinson, A., Marzeion, B., & Winkelmann, R. (2016) Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long-term commitment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201500515. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500515113
Leary, E., Young, L., DuClos, C., & Jordan, M. (2015) Identifying Heat Waves in Florida: Considerations of Missing Weather Data. PLOS ONE, 10(11). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143471
Ivanova, D., Stadler, K., Steen-Olsen, K., Wood, R., Vita, G., Tukker, A., & Hertwich, E. (2015) Environmental Impact Assessment of Household Consumption. Journal of Industrial Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/jiec.12371
Liénard, J., & Strigul, N. (2016) An individual-based forest model links canopy dynamics and shade tolerances along a soil moisture gradient. Royal Society Open Science, 3(2), 150589. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150589
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- February 23, 2016
- 04:42 PM
- 526 views
Carbon Cuts Can Benefit Us Now
by Jenny Ludmer in Rooster's Report
It’s not just about the next generation anymore. According to a new study from Duke University, low-carbon policies will result in cleaner air — and that could lead to 300,000 fewer premature deaths over the next 15 years. In other words, we’d be saving U.S. lives now.... Read more »
Shindell, D., Lee, Y., & Faluvegi, G. (2016) Climate and health impacts of US emissions reductions consistent with 2 °C. Nature Climate Change. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2935
- February 19, 2016
- 11:07 AM
- 507 views
Fighting fishermen
by dominicwhite in Two Degrees or Under
Palau is a small archipelago in the western Pacific. Like many countries in the region, fish forms a key part of the diet and economy. But, again like many of its neighbours in Southeast Asia, overfishing is a big problem....... Read more »
Pomeroy, R. (2012) Managing overcapacity in small-scale fisheries in Southeast Asia. Marine Policy, 36(2), 520-527. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.10.002
- January 16, 2016
- 06:22 PM
- 476 views
Damm(n)ing the Amazon
by dominicwhite in Two Degrees or Under
From the abstract of a recent Science paper: The world’s most biodiverse river basins—the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong—are experiencing an unprecedented boom in construction of hydropower dams. These projects address important energy needs, but advocates often overestimate economic benefits and...... Read more »
Winemiller, K., McIntyre, P., Castello, L., Fluet-Chouinard, E., Giarrizzo, T., Nam, S., Baird, I., Darwall, W., Lujan, N., Harrison, I.... (2016) Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong. Science, 351(6269), 128-129. DOI: 10.1126/science.aac7082
- December 10, 2015
- 08:02 AM
- 710 views
The Serengeti at a crossroads
by naturallyspeakingpodcast in Naturally Speaking Podcast
Is there a better option to paving a highway through the middle of the Serengeti and disrupting the greatest land migration on Earth? The conflict between conservation and development is something we have touched on at Naturally Speaking before—here at the Institute our researchers understand that a fine balance between the two must be achieved. However, […]
... Read more »
Hopcraft, J., Bigurube, G., Lembeli, J., & Borner, M. (2015) Balancing Conservation with National Development: A Socio-Economic Case Study of the Alternatives to the Serengeti Road. PLOS ONE, 10(7). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130577
- October 26, 2015
- 01:25 AM
- 894 views
A week in review: Top open-access science stories
by Cath Jex in Tak Fur The Kaffe
There's simply not enough time in the week to write about everything that I'd like! So here are 6 extra short summaries of scientific studies published during the past week, available free via open-access journals for anyone and everyone to read and enjoy!... Read more »
Bergmann, M., Sandhop, N., Schewe, I., & D’Hert, D. (2015) Observations of floating anthropogenic litter in the Barents Sea and Fram Strait, Arctic. Polar Biology. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1795-8
Padowski, J., Gorelick, S., Thompson, B., Rozelle, S., & Fendorf, S. (2015) Assessment of human–natural system characteristics influencing global freshwater supply vulnerability. Environmental Research Letters, 10(10), 104014. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104014
Conrad, T., & Ayasse, M. (2015) The Role of Vibrations in Population Divergence in the Red Mason Bee, Osmia bicornis. Current Biology. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.08.059
Luo J, Ault JS, Shay LK, Hoolihan JP, Prince ED, Brown CA, & Rooker JR. (2015) Ocean Heat Content Reveals Secrets of Fish Migrations. PloS one, 10(10). PMID: 26484541
Yoon JH, Wang SY, Gillies RR, Kravitz B, Hipps L, & Rasch PJ. (2015) Increasing water cycle extremes in California and in relation to ENSO cycle under global warming. Nature communications, 8657. PMID: 26487088
Lively, J. (2015) A new species of baenid turtle from the Kaiparowits Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian) of southern Utah. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1009084
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- April 22, 2015
- 03:06 PM
- 756 views
Earth Day Turns 45
by Whitney Campbell in Green Screen
Ever since Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970, the event has adapted to the environmental issues of the times. During its inaugural year, 20 million people across the U.S. attended teach-ins and learned about the quality of the nation's water. Months earlier, coastal Santa Barbara had experienced an oil spill, while Time photographs had brought the fires of Ohio's Cuyahoga River to the country's attention. The teach-ins prompted widespread awareness of the pollution, and withi........ Read more »
Liu C, Gallagher JJ, Sakimoto KK, Nichols EM, Chang CJ, Chang MC, & Yang P. (2015) Nanowire-Bacteria Hybrids for Unassisted Solar Carbon Dioxide Fixation to Value-Added Chemicals. Nano Letters. PMID: 25848808
- February 5, 2015
- 09:10 AM
- 1,051 views
Climate Change: Heatwaves and Poverty in Pakistan
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
The 2010 floods were among the worst that Pakistan has experienced in recent decades. Sadly, the country is prone to recurrent flooding which means that in any given year, Pakistani farmers hope and pray that the floods will not be as bad as those in 2010. It would be natural to assume that recurring flood disasters force Pakistani farmers to give up farming and migrate to the cities in order to make ends meet. But a recent study published in the journal Nature Climate Change by Valerie Mueller ........ Read more »
Mueller V, Gray C, & Kosec K. (2014) Heat Stress Increases Long-term Human Migration in Rural Pakistan. Nature Climate Change, 182-185. PMID: 25132865
- July 24, 2014
- 02:55 AM
- 1,233 views
Quick, Somebody Get The Name Of That Shark!
by Mark E. Lasbury in The 'Scope
There has been a rash of great white shark sightings and attacks in the news recently. But, have attacks and sightings remained constant, or are they really on the increase? Several news studies provide evidence that the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, the ban on commercial whaling in 1982, and the ban on great white hunting in 1997 have increased the number of sharks on the coasts of the North America and Australia. In addition, great white sharks live much longer than previously assumed,........ Read more »
Burgess GH, Bruce BD, Cailliet GM, Goldman KJ, Grubbs RD, Lowe CG, MacNeil MA, Mollet HF, Weng KC, & O'Sullivan JB. (2014) A Re-Evaluation of the Size of the White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias) Population off California, USA. PloS one, 9(6). PMID: 24932483
Curtis TH, McCandless CT, Carlson JK, Skomal GB, Kohler NE, Natanson LJ, Burgess GH, Hoey JJ, & Pratt HL Jr. (2014) Seasonal Distribution and Historic Trends in Abundance of White Sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, in the Western North Atlantic Ocean. PloS one, 9(6). PMID: 24918579
Sprivulis P. (2014) Western Australia coastal shark bites: A risk assessment. The Australasian medical journal, 7(2), 137-42. PMID: 24611078
Hamady LL, Natanson LJ, Skomal GB, & Thorrold SR. (2014) Vertebral bomb radiocarbon suggests extreme longevity in white sharks. PloS one, 9(1). PMID: 24416189
- July 21, 2014
- 08:00 AM
- 1,210 views
Quick, Somebody Get The Name Of That Shark!
by Mark Lasbury in The 'Scope
Are sightings and attacks by great white sharks rare and staying rare? Or has the faster news cycle led to the need for more sensational stories and therefore more coverage? It may be a bit of both.... Read more »
Burgess GH, Bruce BD, Cailliet GM, Goldman KJ, Grubbs RD, Lowe CG, MacNeil MA, Mollet HF, Weng KC, & O'Sullivan JB. (2014) A Re-Evaluation of the Size of the White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias) Population off California, USA. PloS one, 9(6). PMID: 24932483
Curtis TH, McCandless CT, Carlson JK, Skomal GB, Kohler NE, Natanson LJ, Burgess GH, Hoey JJ, & Pratt HL Jr. (2014) Seasonal Distribution and Historic Trends in Abundance of White Sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, in the Western North Atlantic Ocean. PloS one, 9(6). PMID: 24918579
Sprivulis P. (2014) Western Australia coastal shark bites: A risk assessment. The Australasian medical journal, 7(2), 137-42. PMID: 24611078
Hamady LL, Natanson LJ, Skomal GB, & Thorrold SR. (2014) Vertebral bomb radiocarbon suggests extreme longevity in white sharks. PloS one, 9(1). PMID: 24416189
- June 14, 2014
- 08:04 AM
- 1,200 views
Heavier people mean weightier vehicle emissions
by Andy Extance in Simple Climate
In 2010 the American population collectively carried 3.6 billion kilograms of excess weight, and that creates extra greenhouse gases from the vehicles transporting them highlight Carnegie Mellon University’s Chris Hendrickson, Michelle Tom and Paul Fischbeck. ... Read more »
Tom, M., Fischbeck, P., & Hendrickson, C. (2014) Excess passenger weight impacts on US transportation systems fuel use (1970–2010). Journal of Transport . DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2014.05.001
- May 13, 2014
- 02:00 PM
- 987 views
Climate Talks and Game Theory: A better Approach
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
Climate change talks, it’s like yelling at a wall and hoping it becomes a window. For over two decades, members of the United Nations have tried to forge an agreement […]... Read more »
Smead, R., Sandler, R., Forber, P., & Basl, J. (2014) A bargaining game analysis of international climate negotiations. Nature Climate Change. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2229
- April 28, 2014
- 08:09 AM
- 977 views
Brewing New Futures: The Concoction Of Urban Laboratories
by Nura Rutten in United Academics
Urban laboratories can serve as new places for knowledge production and direct application with the goal of making cities more economically viable, socially robust and environmentally friendly.... Read more »
Evans, J., & Karvonen, A. (2014) ‘Give Me a Laboratory and I Will Lower Your Carbon Footprint!’ - Urban Laboratories and the Governance of Low-Carbon Futures. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(2), 413-430. DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.12077
- April 24, 2014
- 03:50 PM
- 976 views
Quantum Dots Open Way For Solar Windowpanes
by Whitney Campbell in Green Screen
Recently scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the University of Milano-Bicocca showed how, some day with the same surface, we may be able to see the sun and glean it too. By redesigning a light-grabbing nanocrystal, these material researchers devised a technique that could change sheer Plexiglas sheets into large-area solar concentrators.1... Read more »
Meinardi, F., Colombo, A., Velizhanin, K., Simonutti, R., Lorenzon, M., Beverina, L., Viswanatha, R., Klimov, V., & Brovelli, S. (2014) Large-area luminescent solar concentrators based on ‘Stokes-shift-engineered’ nanocrystals in a mass-polymerized PMMA matrix. Nature Photonics. DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2014.54
Semonin, O., Luther, J., Choi, S., Chen, H., Gao, J., Nozik, A., & Beard, M. (2011) Peak External Photocurrent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 100% via MEG in a Quantum Dot Solar Cell. Science, 1530-1533. DOI: 10.1126/science.1209845
- February 28, 2014
- 10:20 AM
- 1,299 views
For the love of cod | @GrrlScientist
by GrrlScientist in GrrlScientist
A poetic intersection between life and science, art and photography.... Read more »
Frank K. T. (2005) Trophic Cascades in a Formerly Cod-Dominated Ecosystem. Science, 308(5728), 1621-1623. DOI: 10.1126/science.1113075
- February 19, 2014
- 07:37 AM
- 1,054 views
Map highlights areas of greatest risk to turtles in the Atlantic
by Aileen Cudmore in Natural Reactions
Satellite data predicts nine danger zones in the Atlantic where leatherback turtles are most susceptible to unintentional capture by fishing gear. ... Read more »
Fossette S, Witt MJ, Miller P, Nalovic MA, Albareda D, Almeida AP, Broderick AC, Chacón-Chaverri D, Coyne MS, Domingo A.... (2014) Pan-Atlantic analysis of the overlap of a highly migratory species, the leatherback turtle, with pelagic longline fisheries. Proc. R. Soc. B, 281(1780), 20133065. PMID: 24523271
- February 14, 2014
- 12:17 PM
- 1,180 views
Lithium-Ion Batteries Get A Boost
by Whitney Campbell in Green Screen
After lithium-ion batteries were introduced to the public in the early 1990s, they've charged all kinds of products, from handheld cell phones to jumbo airplanes. But as their prevalence has grown, so have concerns with their safety.
In January 2013, airlines had to ground their fleets of Boeing Dreamliners due to fires linked to the "thermal runaway" of lithium-ion batteries. Likewise, lithium-ion-powered cars, such as the Tesla Model S, have caught fire "20 or so [times]........ Read more »
Wong, D. H. C., Thelen, J. L., Fu, Y., Devaux, D., Pandya, A. A., Battaglia, V. S., Balsara, N. P., and DeSimone, J. M. (2014) Nonflammable perfluoropolyether-based electrolytes for lithium batteries. PNAS. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1314615111
Kennedy, T., Mullane, E., Geaney, H., Osiak, M., O'Dwyer, C., Ryan, K. M. (2014) High-performance germanium nanowire-based lithium-Ion battery anodes extending over 1000 cycles through in situ formation of a continuous porous network. Nano Letters, 716-723. PMID: 24417719
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