All posts; Tags Include "Sociology"
- June 20, 2016
- 10:44 AM
- 328 views
The Mesh of Civilizations in Cyberspace
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
A team of researchers from Stanford University, Cornell University and Yahoo recently decided to evaluate the "connectedness" of the hypothesized Huntington civilizations in cyberspace and published their results in the article "The Mesh of Civilizations in the Global Network of Digital Communication".
The researchers examined Twitter users and the exchange of emails between Yahoo-Mail users in 90 countries with a minimum population of five million. In total, they analyzed........ Read more »
State, B., Park, P., Weber, I., & Macy, M. (2015) The Mesh of Civilizations in the Global Network of Digital Communication. PLOS ONE, 10(5). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122543
- May 21, 2016
- 08:19 AM
- 367 views
The persistence of wealth and modern-day samurai
by gdw in FictionalFieldwork
The rich stay rich If you had rich ancestors, you might just be in luck. Two Italian economists used tax data to identify the wealthiest families in the city-state Florence in 1427. In contrast with the idea that you’re largely responsible for your own fortune, they found that the wealth of the 1427 families was […]... Read more »
Barone, G and Mocetti, S. (2016) Intergenerational mobility in the very long run: Florence 1427-2011. Bank of Italy working papers. info:/
- April 25, 2016
- 06:39 AM
- 513 views
Yet more evidence for questionable research practices in original studies of Reproducibility Project: Psychology
by Richard Kunert in Brain's Idea
The replicability of psychological research is surprisingly low. Why? In this blog post I present new evidence showing that questionable research practices are at the heart of failures to replicate psychological effects. Quick recap. A recent publication in Science claims that only around 40% of psychological findings are replicable, based on 100 replication attempts in […]... Read more »
Asendorpf, J., Conner, M., De Fruyt, F., De Houwer, J., Denissen, J., Fiedler, K., Fiedler, S., Funder, D., Kliegl, R., Nosek, B.... (2013) Recommendations for Increasing Replicability in Psychology. European Journal of Personality, 27(2), 108-119. DOI: 10.1002/per.1919
Gerber, A., & Malhotra, N. (2008) Publication Bias in Empirical Sociological Research: Do Arbitrary Significance Levels Distort Published Results?. Sociological Methods , 37(1), 3-30. DOI: 10.1177/0049124108318973
Gerber, A., Malhotra, N., Dowling, C., & Doherty, D. (2010) Publication Bias in Two Political Behavior Literatures. American Politics Research, 38(4), 591-613. DOI: 10.1177/1532673X09350979
Gilbert, D., King, G., Pettigrew, S., & Wilson, T. (2016) Comment on "Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science". Science, 351(6277), 1037-1037. DOI: 10.1126/science.aad7243
Head ML, Holman L, Lanfear R, Kahn AT, & Jennions MD. (2015) The extent and consequences of p-hacking in science. PLoS biology, 13(3). PMID: 25768323
Ioannidis JP, Munafò MR, Fusar-Poli P, Nosek BA, & David SP. (2014) Publication and other reporting biases in cognitive sciences: detection, prevalence, and prevention. Trends in cognitive sciences, 18(5), 235-41. PMID: 24656991
Kühberger A, Fritz A, & Scherndl T. (2014) Publication bias in psychology: a diagnosis based on the correlation between effect size and sample size. PloS one, 9(9). PMID: 25192357
Kunert R. (2016) Internal conceptual replications do not increase independent replication success. Psychonomic bulletin . PMID: 27068542
Open Science Collaboration. (2015) Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science, 349(6251). DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4716
- March 29, 2016
- 10:01 AM
- 708 views
Nostalgia is a Muse
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
This view has been challenged by the University of Southampton researchers Constantine Sedikides and Tim Wildschut, who have spent the past decade studying the benefits of nostalgia. Not only do they disavow its disease status, they have conducted numerous studies which suggest that nostalgia can make us more creative, open-minded and charitable. The definition of nostalgia used by Sedikides and Wildschut as a "sentimental longing for one's past" is based on the contemporary usage........ Read more »
van Tilburg, W., Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2015) The mnemonic muse: Nostalgia fosters creativity through openness to experience. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2015.02.002
- February 27, 2016
- 12:00 AM
- 654 views
Sticks and stones (3): How names hurt
by Michael Ramscar in The Importance of Being Wrong
The shock of the old
Most people in Iceland don’t have family names. Instead, Icelanders’ last names are made from their father or mother’s first name, to which males add the suffix -son (son) and females -dóttir (daughter). This practice can seem strange to outsiders, but it was common throughout Scandinavia until surprisingly recently: laws compelling citizens to adopt heritable family names were only enacted in 1828 in Denmark, 1901 in Sweden, and 1922 in Norway......... Read more »
Baek SK, Kiet HA, & Kim BJ. (2007) Family name distributions: master equation approach. Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics, 76(4 Pt 2), 46113. PMID: 17995066
Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004) Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination. American Economic Review, 94(4), 991-1013. DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002561
Chang, J., Donnelly, P., Wiuf, C., Hein, J., Slatkin, M., Ewens, W., & Kingman, J. (1999) Recent common ancestors of all present-day individuals. Advances in Applied Probability, 31(4), 1002-1026. DOI: 10.1239/aap/1029955256
Colman, A., Sluckin, W., & Hargreaves, D. (1981) The effect of familiarity on preferences for surnames. British Journal of Psychology, 72(3), 363-369. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1981.tb02195.x
Colman, A., Hargreaves, D., & Sluckin, W. (1981) Preferences for Christian names as a function of their experienced familiarity. British Journal of Social Psychology, 20(1), 3-5. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1981.tb00465.x
A. Crook. (2012) Personal Names in 18th-Century Scotland: a case study of the parish of Beith (North Ayrshire). Journal of Scottish Name Studies, 1-10. info:/
Guo, J., Chen, Q., & Wang, Y. (2011) Statistical distribution of Chinese names. Chinese Physics B, 20(11), 118901. DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/20/11/118901
Shannon, C., Gallager, R., & Berlekamp, E. (1967) Lower bounds to error probability for coding on discrete memoryless channels. I. Information and Control, 10(1), 65-103. DOI: 10.1016/S0019-9958(67)90052-6
Shannon, C. (1948) A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423. DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
Shannon, C. (1951) Prediction and Entropy of Printed English. Bell System Technical Journal, 30(1), 50-64. DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1951.tb01366.x
- January 17, 2016
- 08:58 PM
- 494 views
Spreading climate misinformation like butter
by dominicwhite in Two Degrees or Under
A new study in PNAS concludes that echo chambers and confirmation bias spread misinformation. The authors “readable summary”: The wide availability of user-provided content in online social media facilitates the aggregation of people around common interests, worldviews, and narratives. However,...... Read more »
Del Vicario, M., Bessi, A., Zollo, F., Petroni, F., Scala, A., Caldarelli, G., Stanley, H., & Quattrociocchi, W. (2016) The spreading of misinformation online. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201517441. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1517441113
- January 15, 2016
- 01:30 AM
- 496 views
Our obsession with bullshit science of morals
by Syed Ather in Heuristic
Explaining morals, religion, governance, and similar concepts using science seems like an attractive proposition at first, but the scientific inquiry will never give complete answers to questions reserved for philosophy, history, literature, or other fields of the humanities. And when we believe such ridiculous things, we only have ourselves to blame.... Read more »
Storm, I. (2015) Morality in Context: A Multilevel Analysis of the Relationship between Religion and Values in Europe. Politics and Religion, 1-28. DOI: 10.1017/S1755048315000899
- December 9, 2015
- 01:44 PM
- 496 views
Calling All Religious Leaders
by Jenny Ludmer in Rooster's Report
Politicians aren’t exactly the most trusted leaders anymore (gee, I wonder why) and climate scientists are constantly under attack by skeptics. So, who’s left to convince the public to act? Science and religion might make strange bedfellows, but a new study suggests religious leaders are our best hope — let’s just pray they are willing to take on the role.... Read more »
Bain, P., Milfont, T., Kashima, Y., Bilewicz, M., Doron, G., Garðarsdóttir, R., Gouveia, V., Guan, Y., Johansson, L., Pasquali, C.... (2015) Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the world. Nature Climate Change. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2814
- December 8, 2015
- 04:43 PM
- 814 views
Discrimination by any other name: Language tests and racist migration policy in Australia
by Laura Smith-Khan in Language on the Move
Australia has a proud national narrative of migration and multiculturalism. It also has an equally prevalent history of exclusionary and discriminatory migration policy. Perhaps the most famous is its “White Australia Policy”, which sought to restrict the migration of “non-European” … Continue reading →... Read more »
McNamara, T. (2012) Language Assessments as Shibboleths: A Poststructuralist Perspective. Applied Linguistics, 33(5), 564-581. DOI: 10.1093/applin/ams052
- December 8, 2015
- 12:46 PM
- 893 views
The Dire State of Science in the Muslim World
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
Universities and the scientific infrastructures in Muslim-majority countries need to undergo radical reforms if they want to avoid falling by the wayside in a world characterized by major scientific and technological innovations. This is the conclusion reached by Nidhal Guessoum and Athar Osama in their recent commentary "Institutions: Revive universities of the Muslim world", published in the scientific journal Nature. The physics and astronomy professor Guessoum (American University ........ Read more »
Guessoum N, & Osama A. (2015) Institutions: Revive universities of the Muslim world. Nature, 526(7575), 634-6. PMID: 26511563
Romanowski, M., & Nasser, R. (2010) Faculty perceptions of academic freedom at a GCC university. PROSPECTS, 40(4), 481-497. DOI: 10.1007/s11125-010-9166-2
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- December 4, 2015
- 02:00 PM
- 440 views
Is Science Becoming Irrelevant?
by Jenny Ludmer in Rooster's Report
Aaaah…Science. It may have tortured you in school, but if you’ve managed to skip polio, enjoyed the incredible photos of Pluto, or even just appreciate the gadget you are reading this on, please show Science some love. It’s feeling a little neglected today. For, according to a new study, it only takes an ounce of doubt to discredit all of Science’s hard work.... Read more »
McCright, A., Charters, M., Dentzman, K., & Dietz, T. (2015) Examining the Effectiveness of Climate Change Frames in the Face of a Climate Change Denial Counter-Frame. Topics in Cognitive Science. DOI: 10.1111/tops.12171
- October 27, 2015
- 06:09 PM
- 873 views
“Made in Germany” at risk? Volkswagen and the German trademark
by Rahel Cramer in Language on the Move
The Volkswagen (VW) emissions scandal has received significant media coverage in and outside of Germany. Besides accounts of the developments that led to the discovery of Volkswagen’s unethical behaviour, the immediate impacts on the company’s finances, CEO Martin Winterkorn’s resignation … Continue reading →... Read more »
Piller, I. (2003) Advertising as a site of language contact. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 170-183. DOI: 10.1017/S0267190503000254
- October 26, 2015
- 04:00 AM
- 768 views
Sticks and stones (1): How names work & why they hurt
by Michael Ramscar in The Importance of Being Wrong
Boiling a frog In 1781, Christian Wilhelm von Dohm, a civil servant, political writer and historian in what was then Prussia published a two volume work entitled Über die Bürgerliche Verbesserung der Juden (“On the Civic Improvement of Jews”). In it, von Dohm laid out the case for emancipation for a people systematically denied the […]... Read more »
Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004) Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination. American Economic Review, 94(4), 991-1013. DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002561
Colman, A., Hargreaves, D., & Sluckin, W. (1981) Preferences for Christian names as a function of their experienced familiarity. British Journal of Social Psychology, 20(1), 3-5. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1981.tb00465.x
Fryer, R., & Levitt, S. (2004) The Causes and Consequences of Distinctively Black Names. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 119(3), 767-805. DOI: 10.1162/0033553041502180
Nunley, J.M., Pugh, A., Romero, N., & Seals, R.A. (2014) An Examination of Racial Discrimination in the Labor Market for Recent College Graduates: Estimates from the Field. Auburn Economics Working Paper Series. info:/
Zajonc, R. (1968) Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(2), 1-27. DOI: 10.1037/h0025848
- October 13, 2015
- 09:00 AM
- 541 views
Family policies and single parent poverty in 18 OECD countries, 1978–2008
by Rense Nieuwenhuis in Curving Normality
Who benefits more from family policies: single-parent families or two-parent families? Laurie C. Maldonado and I answer this question with respect to poverty reduction, in a new publication in Community, Work & Family. We presented this at the 2014 Work and Family Researchers Network (in New York), and our paper was the runner up to the best junior scholar paper award.... Read more »
Maldonado, L., & Nieuwenhuis, R. (2015) Family policies and single parent poverty in 18 OECD countries, 1978–2008. Community, Work , 18(4), 395-415. DOI: 10.1080/13668803.2015.1080661
- October 7, 2015
- 12:28 AM
- 709 views
Children as language brokers
by Ingrid Piller in Language on the Move
Some of the most striking images from the refugees who have been trekking across Europe are of families and children. Beyond the immediate perils of their journeys, migration inevitably changes families. As children are usually much quicker to learn new … Continue reading →... Read more »
Bauer, E. (2013) Reconstructing Moral Identities in Memories of Childhood Language Brokering Experiences. International Migration, 51(5), 205-218. DOI: 10.1111/imig.12030
- September 29, 2015
- 11:04 PM
- 298 views
Young Black Men Who Feel Powerless Engage In More High Risk Behaviors
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Alvin Thomas, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Associate Director Center For Excellence in Diversity Palo Alto University Palo Alto, CA 94304 Walking Away Hurt, Walking Around Scared: A Cluster Analysis of Violence Exposure Among Young Black Males Alvin Thomas … Continue reading →
The post Young Black Men Who Feel Powerless Engage In More High Risk Behaviors appeared first on MedicalResearch.com.
... Read more »
Alvin Thomas, Ph.D. (2015) Young Black Men Who Feel Powerless Engage In More High Risk Behaviors. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- September 10, 2015
- 07:18 AM
- 885 views
Bitter gifts: migrants’ exclusive inclusion
by Ingrid Piller in Language on the Move
My migration newsfeed in the past few weeks has been dominated by news about the Syrian refugee crisis and the various European and international responses. But there have also been two other noteworthy migration news: one relates to the changing … Continue reading →... Read more »
Roberman, S. (2015) Not to Be Hungry Is Not Enough: An Insight Into Contours of Inclusion and Exclusion in Affluent Western Societies. Sociological Forum, 30(3), 743-763. DOI: 10.1111/socf.12190
- August 21, 2015
- 10:14 AM
- 672 views
Polygenetic Score Predicts Educational Attainment
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Ben Domingue Assistant Professor (starting 9/2015) Stanford Graduate School of Education Medical Research: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings? Response: Earlier research has started to illuminate which genetic … Continue reading →
The post Polygenetic Score Predicts Educational Attainment appeared first on MedicalResearch.com Medical Research Interviews and News.
... Read more »
Ben Domingue. (2015) Polygenetic Score Predicts Educational Attainment. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- August 11, 2015
- 08:50 PM
- 968 views
Getting past the ‘indigenous’ vs. ‘immigrant’ language debate
by Dave Sayers in Language on the Move
“Indigenous languages” and “immigrant languages” are much discussed in language policy research, but surprisingly little time is spent actually defining those terms. In general, “indigenous” tends to encompass two features: a long heritage in a place; and some form of … Continue reading →... Read more »
Wiese, H. (2015) “This migrants’ babble is not a German dialect!”: The interaction of standard language ideology and ‘us’/‘them’ dichotomies in the public discourse on a multiethnolect. Language in Society, 44(03), 341-368. DOI: 10.1017/S0047404515000226
- July 29, 2015
- 02:09 PM
- 1,101 views
The “Invisible Web” Undermines Health Information Privacy
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
What do the third parties do with your data? We do not really know because the laws and regulations are rather fuzzy here. We do know that Google, Facebook and Twitter primarily make money by advertising so they could potentially use your info and customize the ads you see. Just because you visited a page on breast cancer does not mean that the "Invisible Web" knows your name and address but they do know that you have some interest in breast cancer. It would make financial sense to sen........ Read more »
Libert, T. (2015) Privacy implications of health information seeking on the web. Communications of the ACM, 58(3), 68-77. DOI: 10.1145/2658983
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