- October 24, 2016
- 01:42 PM
- 12 views
Study uncovers brain changes in offending pedophiles
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
New research reveals that certain alterations in the brain may be present in pedophiles, with differences between hands-on offenders and those who have not sexually offended against children.
... Read more »
Kärgel, C., Massau, C., Weiß, S., Walter, M., Borchardt, V., Krueger, T., Tenbergen, G., Kneer, J., Wittfoth, M., Pohl, A.... (2016) Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles. Human Brain Mapping. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23443
- October 24, 2016
- 11:19 AM
- 13 views
Exercise After Study Boosts Memory
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
There is significant interest in activities that may boost academic achievement in the classroom.I previously posted on evidence that exercise prior to a learning task improved reading comprehension scores.You can access that post by clicking HERE.Now a study has compared two types of activities after a memorization task in male students.In this study, 60 male students completed a learning task and then were randomized into one of three activities for one hour. The three activities were playing ........ Read more »
Kindermann, H., Javor, A., & Reuter, M. (2016) Playing counter-strike versus running: The impact of leisure time activities and cortisol on intermediate-term memory in male students. Cognitive Systems Research, 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2016.01.002
- October 24, 2016
- 04:22 AM
- 33 views
Bipolar disorder and the autism spectrum continued
by Paul Whiteley in Questioning Answers
In a previous post on this blog I talked about an important paper by Vannucchi and colleagues [1] summarising the state of the peer-reviewed research (up to 2014) on bipolar disorder and Asperger syndrome (AS). Today, I'm adding to the conversation on this important topic by introducing two papers to the discussions: the first by Xenia Borue and colleagues [2] and the second by Ahmad Abu-Akel and colleagues [3] covering the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder (BD) in rela........ Read more »
Borue, X., Mazefsky, C., Rooks, B., Strober, M., Keller, M., Hower, H., Yen, S., Gill, M., Diler, R., Axelson, D.... (2016) Longitudinal Course of Bipolar Disorder in Youth With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child . DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.08.011
Abu-Akel, A., Clark, J., Perry, A., Wood, S., Forty, L., Craddock, N., Jones, I., Gordon-Smith, K., & Jones, L. (2016) Autistic and Schizotypal Traits and Global Functioning in Bipolar I Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.09.059
- October 24, 2016
- 03:05 AM
- 28 views
The Role of “Roll-Off” During Gait in Patients Recovering from a Lateral Ankle Sprain
by Revay O. Corbett, MS, ATC, PES in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
People with persistent complaints 6 to 12 months after an ankle sprain walk differently than those without persistent complaints.... Read more »
Kros, W., Keijsers, N., van Ochten, J., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., & van Middelkoop, M. (2016) Center of pressure during stance and gait in subjects with or without persistent complaints after a lateral ankle sprain. Gait , 24-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.04.022
- October 23, 2016
- 02:57 PM
- 44 views
Your BMI might affect your brain function
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
There are plenty of reasons it's important to maintain a healthy weight, and now you can add one more to the list: It may be good for your brain. Researchers have found that having a higher body mass index, or BMI, can negatively impact cognitive functioning in older adults.
... Read more »
Bourassa, K., & Sbarra, D. (2016) Body mass and cognitive decline are indirectly associated via inflammation among aging adults. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.09.023
- October 22, 2016
- 03:10 PM
- 55 views
Red meat and organs may pose a significant health hazard
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
Neu5Gc, a non-human sialic acid sugar molecule common in red meat that increases the risk of tumor formation in humans, is also prevalent in pig organs, with concentrations increasing as the organs are cooked, a study has found. The research suggests that Neu5Gc may pose a significant health hazard among those who regularly consume organ meats from pigs.
... Read more »
Ji, S., Wang, F., Chen, Y., Yang, C., Zhang, P., Zhang, X., Troy, F., & Wang, B. (2016) Developmental changes in the level of free and conjugated sialic acids, Neu5Ac, Neu5Gc and KDN in different organs of pig: a LC-MS/MS quantitative analyses. Glycoconjugate Journal. DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9724-9
- October 22, 2016
- 06:00 AM
- 59 views
Does Effect Size Matter for fMRI?
by Neuroskeptic in Neuroskeptic_Discover
fMRI researchers should care about (and report) the size of the effects that they study, according to a new Neuroimage paper from NIMH researchers Gang Chen and colleagues. It's called Is the statistic value all we should care about in neuroimaging?. The authors include Robert W. Cox, creator of the popular fMRI analysis software AFNI.
Chen et al. explain the purpose of their paper:
Here we address an important issue that has been embedded within the neuroimaging community for a long tim... Read more »
Chen G, Taylor PA, & Cox RW. (2016) Is the Statistic Value All We Should Care about in Neuroimaging?. NeuroImage. PMID: 27729277
- October 22, 2016
- 04:21 AM
- 69 views
Language and motor skills: preschool predictors of academic achievement in autism
by Paul Whiteley in Questioning Answers
A fairly quick post for your reading delight today as I bring the paper by Miller and colleagues [1] to your attention suggesting that: "Early intervention targeting language and motor skills may improve later achievement in this population."'This population' referred to a small cohort (N=26) of children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who were examined "at the approximate ages of two, four, and ten" years with regards to their academic achievement and the variables that might b........ Read more »
Miller LE, Burke JD, Troyb E, Knoch K, Herlihy LE, & Fein DA. (2016) Preschool predictors of school-age academic achievement in autism spectrum disorder. The Clinical neuropsychologist, 1-22. PMID: 27705180
- October 21, 2016
- 03:15 PM
- 76 views
A new view of the immune system
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
Pathogen epitopes are fragments of bacterial or viral proteins. Attached to the surface structure of cells, they prompt the body's immune system to mount a response against foreign substances. Researchers have determined that nearly a third of all existing human epitopes consist of two different fragments. Known as 'spliced epitopes', these types of epitopes have long been regarded as rare. The fact that they are so highly prevalent might, among other things, explain why the immun........ Read more »
Liepe, J., Marino, F., Sidney, J., Jeko, A., Bunting, D., Sette, A., Kloetzel, P., Stumpf, M., Heck, A., & Mishto, M. (2016) A large fraction of HLA class I ligands are proteasome-generated spliced peptides. Science, 354(6310), 354-358. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4384
- October 21, 2016
- 05:39 AM
- 70 views
Chest CT in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax is cost-effective
by Joana Guedes in BHD Research Blog
Patients that present with a spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) without a known medical history of lung disease are usually diagnosed as primary spontaneous pneumothorax - a pneumothorax that occurs without underlying diseases. However, underlying diffuse cystic lung diseases such as Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHD), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) may have a spontaneous pneumothorax as their first symptom. In their new study, Gupta et al. (2016) evaluat........ Read more »
Gupta N, Langenderfer D, McCormack FX, Schauer DP, & Eckman MH. (2016) Chest Computed Tomographic Image Screening for Cystic Lung Diseases in Patients with Spontaneous Pneumothorax is Cost-effective. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. PMID: 27737563
- October 21, 2016
- 04:37 AM
- 87 views
One more time: asthma and autism
by Paul Whiteley in Questioning Answers
I'm actually getting a little bored of talking about the various peer-reviewed research looking at a possible connection between asthma and autism on this blog. It's not that it isn't an interesting topic but rather that the data is coming in thick and fast suggesting that behaviour and physiology are not completely separate anymore.I did however want to direct you to the paper by Alessandro Tonacci and colleagues [1] who, following a systematic review "according to the PRISMA guidelines" s........ Read more »
Tonacci A, Billeci L, Ruta L, Tartarisco G, Pioggia G, & Gangemi S. (2016) A systematic review of the association between allergic asthma and autism. Minerva pediatrica. PMID: 27706122
- October 20, 2016
- 01:51 PM
- 86 views
Oligodendrocyte selectively myelinates a particular set of axons in the white matter
by Dr. Jekyll in Lunatic Laboratories
There are three kinds of glial cells in the brain, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte and microglia. Oligodendrocytes myelinate neuronal axons to increase conduction velocity of neuronal impulses. A Japanese research team found a characteristic feature of oligodendrocytes that selectively myelinate a particular set of neuronal axons.
... Read more »
Osanai, Y., Shimizu, T., Mori, T., Yoshimura, Y., Hatanaka, N., Nambu, A., Kimori, Y., Koyama, S., Kobayashi, K., & Ikenaka, K. (2016) Rabies virus-mediated oligodendrocyte labeling reveals a single oligodendrocyte myelinates axons from distinct brain regions. Glia. DOI: 10.1002/glia.23076
- October 20, 2016
- 01:00 PM
- 79 views
Is the reproducibility crisis exacerbated by pre-publication peer review?
by SciELO in SciELO in Perspective
A lack of scrutiny of articles published in peer-reviewed journals on the basis of a belief that pre-publication peer-review provides sufficient scrutiny, may well add to the relatively high number of articles in which results are presented that cannot be replicated. … Read More →... Read more »
Baker, M. (2016) 1,500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility. Nature, 533(7604), 452-454. DOI: 10.1038/533452a
- October 20, 2016
- 04:32 AM
- 95 views
"Folinic acid improves communication in childhood autism"
by Paul Whiteley in Questioning Answers
A quote to begin: "... in this small trial of children with non-syndromic ASD [autism spectrum disorder] and language impairment, treatment with high-dose folinic acid for 12 weeks resulted in improvement in verbal communication as compared with placebo, particularly in those participants who were positive for FRAAs [folate receptor-α autoantibody]."Those were the findings reported by Richard Frye and colleagues [1] (open-access) continuing a research theme from this group l........ Read more »
Frye, R., Slattery, J., Delhey, L., Furgerson, B., Strickland, T., Tippett, M., Sailey, A., Wynne, R., Rose, S., Melnyk, S.... (2016) Folinic acid improves verbal communication in children with autism and language impairment: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Molecular Psychiatry. DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.168
- October 19, 2016
- 01:01 PM
- 110 views
The Discovery of DNA Structure – Who Stayed in the Shadows of a Nobel?
by Rita Silva in United Academics
In 1962, the Nobel Prize of Medicine was given to Watson, Crick and Wilkins, for their finding of the double-helical structure of the DNA molecule. But who were the scientists overshadowed by the names of Watson and Crick?... Read more »
Leslie Pray. (2008) Discovery of DNA structure and function: Watson and Crick. Nature Education, 1(1). info:other/
- October 19, 2016
- 11:30 AM
- 81 views
A Windstorm is a Reminder of Disaster Preparation for Pets
by CAPB in Companion Animal Psychology Blog
The best time to start disaster preparation for your pet is now.Recently, like many people in this part of the world, we heard there was a big storm on the way. The third of three windstorms was said to be the most powerful. Since we live in an area with many beautiful trees and the power lines are above ground, it does not take much to knock out the power.In the end, we were lucky. The storm was not as strong as predicted, and it changed track and went further north. But it’s a reminder that ........ Read more »
Heath SE, & Linnabary RD. (2015) Challenges of Managing Animals in Disasters in the U.S. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 5(2), 173-92. PMID: 26479228
Yamazaki, S. (2015) A Survey of Companion-Animal Owners Affected by the East Japan Great Earthquake in Iwate and Fukushima Prefectures, Japan. Anthrozoös, 28(2), 291-304. DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2015.11435403
- October 19, 2016
- 04:30 AM
- 94 views
A Winning Combination: Manual Therapy and Exercises for Recurrent Ankle Sprains
by John J. Fraser, PT, MS, OCS in Sports Medicine Research (SMR): In the Lab & In the Field
Patients with chronic ankle instability who received a 4-week supervised rehabilitation program consisting of therapeutic exercise, joint mobilization, and neural mobilizations had greater clinical improvements compared with patients who were treated with therapeutic exercise alone.... Read more »
Plaza-Manzano, G., Vergara-Vila, M., Val-Otero, S., Rivera-Prieto, C., Pecos-Martin, D., Gallego-Izquierdo, T., Ferragut-Garcías, A., & Romero-Franco, N. (2016) Manual therapy in joint and nerve structures combined with exercises in the treatment of recurrent ankle sprains: A randomized, controlled trial. Manual Therapy, 141-149. DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2016.08.006
- October 19, 2016
- 02:51 AM
- 115 views
Paracetamol for fever 'associated' with autism?
by Paul Whiteley in Questioning Answers
"In this study, we again show that acetaminophen use is associated with ASD [autism spectrum disorder]."That was one of the results reported by Stephen Schultz & Georgianna Gould [1] (open-access available here) as part of their survey of the US "National Database for Autism Research (NDAR) of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)" looking at "whether ASD is associated with acetaminophen use." Acetaminophen by the way, is another name for paracetamol, the over-the-counter ........ Read more »
Schultz ST, & Gould GG. (2016) Acetaminophen Use for Fever in Children Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism-open access, 6(2). PMID: 27695658
- October 18, 2016
- 08:22 PM
- 100 views
Autophagy in CSFV and ZIKV infected cells: persistence versus neurodegenerative disease
by thelonevirologist in Virology Tidbits
Zika Virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947 from a sentinel monkey in Uganda and associated with human infection in 1954 when neutralizing antibodies were detected in the sera of residents in India, with antibodies also being found in residents from various African countries. ZIKV is mosquitoe-borne Flavivirus that is predominantly transmitted via Aedes Agypti, although sexual transmission (female to male, male to female, male to male) and transmission via blood transfusion has also been report........ Read more »
Pei J, Zhao M, Ye Z, Gou H, Wang J, Yi L, Dong X, Liu W, Luo Y, Liao M.... (2014) Autophagy enhances the replication of classical swine fever virus in vitro. Autophagy, 10(1), 93-110. PMID: 24262968
Pei J, Deng J, Ye Z, Wang J, Gou H, Liu W, Zhao M, Liao M, Yi L, & Chen J. (2016) Absence of autophagy promotes apoptosis by modulating the ROS-dependent RLR signaling pathway in classical swine fever virus-infected cells. Autophagy, 12(10), 1738-1758. PMID: 27463126
Summerfield A, Knötig SM, & McCullough KC. (1998) Lymphocyte apoptosis during classical swine fever: implication of activation-induced cell death. Journal of virology, 72(3), 1853-61. PMID: 9499036
Frankel LB, Lubas M, & Lund AH. (2016) Emerging connections between RNA and autophagy. Autophagy, 1-21. PMID: 27715443
He L, Zhang YM, Lin Z, Li WW, Wang J, & Li HL. (2012) Classical swine fever virus NS5A protein localizes to endoplasmic reticulum and induces oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells. Virus genes, 45(2), 274-82. PMID: 22718084
He L, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Liang W, Lin J, & Cheng M. (2014) Classical swine fever virus induces oxidative stress in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells. BMC veterinary research, 279. PMID: 25439655
Zhang F, Hammack C, Ogden SC, Cheng Y, Lee EM, Wen Z, Qian X, Nguyen HN, Li Y, Yao B.... (2016) Molecular signatures associated with ZIKV exposure in human cortical neural progenitors. Nucleic acids research, 44(18), 8610-8620. PMID: 27580721
Calvet, G., Aguiar, R., Melo, A., Sampaio, S., de Filippis, I., Fabri, A., Araujo, E., de Sequeira, P., de Mendonça, M., de Oliveira, L.... (2016) Detection and sequencing of Zika virus from amniotic fluid of fetuses with microcephaly in Brazil: a case study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(6), 653-660. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00095-5
Cauchemez S, Besnard M, Bompard P, Dub T, Guillemette-Artur P, Eyrolle-Guignot D, Salje H, Van Kerkhove MD, Abadie V, Garel C.... (2016) Association between Zika virus and microcephaly in French Polynesia, 2013-15: a retrospective study. Lancet (London, England), 387(10033), 2125-32. PMID: 26993883
Cloëtta D, Thomanetz V, Baranek C, Lustenberger RM, Lin S, Oliveri F, Atanasoski S, & Rüegg MA. (2013) Inactivation of mTORC1 in the developing brain causes microcephaly and affects gliogenesis. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 33(18), 7799-810. PMID: 23637172
Cugola FR, Fernandes IR, Russo FB, Freitas BC, Dias JL, Guimarães KP, Benazzato C, Almeida N, Pignatari GC, Romero S.... (2016) The Brazilian Zika virus strain causes birth defects in experimental models. Nature, 534(7606), 267-71. PMID: 27279226
De Carvalho NS, De Carvalho BF, Fugaça CA, Dóris B, & Biscaia ES. (2016) Zika virus infection during pregnancy and microcephaly occurrence: a review of literature and Brazilian data. The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases, 20(3), 282-9. PMID: 27102780
Arroba AI, Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Murillo-Cuesta S, Vaquero-Villanueva L, Hurlé JM, Varela-Nieto I, & Valverde ÁM. (2016) Autophagy resolves early retinal inflammation in Igf1-deficient mice. Disease models , 9(9), 965-74. PMID: 27483352
Paul P, & Münz C. (2016) Autophagy and Mammalian Viruses: Roles in Immune Response, Viral Replication, and Beyond. Advances in virus research, 149-95. PMID: 27112282
McLean JE, Wudzinska A, Datan E, Quaglino D, & Zakeri Z. (2011) Flavivirus NS4A-induced autophagy protects cells against death and enhances virus replication. The Journal of biological chemistry, 286(25), 22147-59. PMID: 21511946
Liang Q, Luo Z, Zeng J, Chen W, Foo SS, Lee SA, Ge J, Wang S, Goldman SA, Zlokovic BV.... (2016) Zika Virus NS4A and NS4B Proteins Deregulate Akt-mTOR Signaling in Human Fetal Neural Stem Cells to Inhibit Neurogenesis and Induce Autophagy. Cell stem cell. PMID: 27524440
Barrows NJ, Campos RK, Powell ST, Prasanth KR, Schott-Lerner G, Soto-Acosta R, Galarza-Muñoz G, McGrath EL, Urrabaz-Garza R, Gao J.... (2016) A Screen of FDA-Approved Drugs for Inhibitors of Zika Virus Infection. Cell host , 20(2), 259-70. PMID: 27476412
Tang, H., Hammack, C., Ogden, S., Wen, Z., Qian, X., Li, Y., Yao, B., Shin, J., Zhang, F., Lee, E.... (2016) Zika Virus Infects Human Cortical Neural Progenitors and Attenuates Their Growth. Cell Stem Cell, 18(5), 587-590. DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.02.016
Goodfellow FT, Tesla B, Simchick G, Zhao Q, Hodge T, Brindley MA, & Stice SL. (2016) Zika Virus Induced Mortality and Microcephaly in Chicken Embryos. Stem cells and development. PMID: 27627457
Sir D, Kuo CF, Tian Y, Liu HM, Huang EJ, Jung JU, Machida K, & Ou JH. (2012) Replication of hepatitis C virus RNA on autophagosomal membranes. The Journal of biological chemistry, 287(22), 18036-43. PMID: 22496373
Adams Waldorf, K., Stencel-Baerenwald, J., Kapur, R., Studholme, C., Boldenow, E., Vornhagen, J., Baldessari, A., Dighe, M., Thiel, J., Merillat, S.... (2016) Fetal brain lesions after subcutaneous inoculation of Zika virus in a pregnant nonhuman primate. Nature Medicine. DOI: 10.1038/nm.4193
Metz P, Chiramel A, Chatel-Chaix L, Alvisi G, Bankhead P, Mora-Rodriguez R, Long G, Hamacher-Brady A, Brady NR, & Bartenschlager R. (2015) Dengue Virus Inhibition of Autophagic Flux and Dependency of Viral Replication on Proteasomal Degradation of the Autophagy Receptor p62. Journal of virology, 89(15), 8026-41. PMID: 26018155
Ho HK, White CC, Fernandez C, Fausto N, Kavanagh TJ, Nelson SD, & Bruschi SA. (2005) Nrf2 activation involves an oxidative-stress independent pathway in tetrafluoroethylcysteine-induced cytotoxicity. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 86(2), 354-64. PMID: 15901913
Ravikumar, B., Sarkar, S., Davies, J., Futter, M., Garcia-Arencibia, M., Green-Thompson, Z., Jimenez-Sanchez, M., Korolchuk, V., Lichtenberg, M., Luo, S.... (2010) Regulation of Mammalian Autophagy in Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiological Reviews, 90(4), 1383-1435. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2009
Menzies FM, Fleming A, & Rubinsztein DC. (2015) Compromised autophagy and neurodegenerative diseases. Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 16(6), 345-57. PMID: 25991442
Li, Y., Chen, B., Zou, W., Wang, X., Wu, Y., Zhao, D., Sun, Y., Liu, Y., Chen, L., Miao, L.... (2016) The lysosomal membrane protein SCAV-3 maintains lysosome integrity and adult longevity. The Journal of Cell Biology. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201602090
De Leo MG, Staiano L, Vicinanza M, Luciani A, Carissimo A, Mutarelli M, Di Campli A, Polishchuk E, Di Tullio G, Morra V.... (2016) Autophagosome-lysosome fusion triggers a lysosomal response mediated by TLR9 and controlled by OCRL. Nature cell biology, 18(8), 839-50. PMID: 27398910
Draganov D, Gopalakrishna-Pillai S, Chen YR, Zuckerman N, Moeller S, Wang C, Ann D, & Lee PP. (2015) Modulation of P2X4/P2X7/Pannexin-1 sensitivity to extracellular ATP via Ivermectin induces a non-apoptotic and inflammatory form of cancer cell death. Scientific reports, 16222. PMID: 26552848
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- October 18, 2016
- 09:02 AM
- 153 views
Decameter type III bursts with changing frequency drift-rate signs by V. Melnik et al.*
by CESRA in Solar Radio Science
We discuss properties of type III bursts that change the sign of their drift rate from negative to positive and vice versa. Moreover, these bursts may change the sign of their drift rates more than once. These particular type III bursts were observed simultaneously by the radio telescopes UTR-2, URAN-2, [...]... Read more »
V. Melnik et al. (2015) Decameter type III bursts with changing frequency drift-rate signs . Solar Physics. info:/
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