All posts; Tags Include "Clinical Psychology"
- August 15, 2013
- 12:52 PM
- 803 views
Screening Guidelines For Postpartum Depression
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) publishes free reviews related to a variety of healthcare topics.Recently, AHRQ published an 85 page summary of their review of published studies on screening for postpartum depression.A group of leading experts in postpartum depression performed a comprehensive review of medical literature published between 2004 and 2012.They identified 45 key manuscripts for review addressing important components of the screening process.The six compon........ Read more »
Myers ER, Aubuchon-Endsley N, Bastian LA, Gierisch JM, Kemper AR, Swamy GK, Wald MF, McBroom AJ, Lallinger KR, Gray RN.... (2013) Efficacy and Safety of Screening for Postpartum Depression. AHRQ Publication No. 13-EHC064-EF. PMID: 23678510
- August 14, 2013
- 10:39 AM
- 1,087 views
Sleep Hygiene For New Mothers and Postpartum Depression
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Postpartum blues and postpartum depression are common and important clinical issues in the postpartum period. A contributing problem for depression risk in the postpartum period is maternal sleep disruption.A important clinical question is "Can behavioral sleep interventions for new mothers help establish more normal sleep patterns and reduce risk for postpartum depression?"Stremler and colleagues from the University of Toronto recently published a randomized clinical trial addressing this quest........ Read more »
Stremler R, Hodnett E, Kenton L, Lee K, Weiss S, Weston J, & Willan A. (2013) Effect of behavioural-educational intervention on sleep for primiparous women and their infants in early postpartum: multisite randomised controlled trial. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). PMID: 23516146
- August 10, 2013
- 06:19 AM
- 1,438 views
Cigarettes and cupcakes: can mindfulness meditation reduce cravings?
by PlasticJames in Plastic Brain
Life is so unfair. Trying to give up something you’re addicted to just makes you crave that thing even more, whether it’s cigarettes, alcohol or sugar. You’re caught in a Catch-22: you want to quit, but the more you try, the harder it gets to resist temptation. Perhaps the key is not to try so […]... Read more »
Yi-Yuan Tang, Rongxiang Tang, & Michael I. Posner. (2013) Brief meditation training induces smoking reduction. PNAS. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311887110
- August 6, 2013
- 12:56 PM
- 872 views
Prescription Opiates, Heroin and Overdose
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
I have previously reviewed research related to prescription opiate drug overdose including:EpidemiologyRisk FactorsToxicologyThese research studies documented the increased rates of prescription opiate drug overdose. Risk appears increased in those with other substance abuse problems and in those with significant affective disorders, PTSD or schizophrenia.Now a recent research study has been published in PLOS One examining the interrelationship between opiate overdoses and heroin overdoses........ Read more »
Unick GJ, Rosenblum D, Mars S, & Ciccarone D. (2013) Intertwined epidemics: national demographic trends in hospitalizations for heroin- and opioid-related overdoses, 1993-2009. PloS one, 8(2). PMID: 23405084
- August 5, 2013
- 11:40 AM
- 1,100 views
Working Memory and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Prenatal alcohol exposure is linked to a variety of structural and functional brain changes. One of the key problems in studying the effects of prenatal alcohol on the brain is teasing out direct alcohol toxic effects from potential genetic contributions.Since many heavy drinking mothers also have a family history of alcoholism, the specific prenatal toxic effects of alcohol on the brain is often unclear.Andria Norman from San Diego State University recently published the results of an fMR........ Read more »
Norman AL, O'Brien JW, Spadoni AD, Tapert SF, Jones KL, Riley EP, & Mattson SN. (2013) A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of spatial working memory in children with prenatal alcohol exposure: contribution of familial history of alcohol use disorders. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 37(1), 132-40. PMID: 23072431
- July 25, 2013
- 02:09 PM
- 1,081 views
Excessive, Obsessive, Compulsive? The Links Between OCD, OCPD and Excessive Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
Excessive exercise played a big role in my eating disorder and, predictably, I am drawn to studies that look at the role excessive exercise plays in eating disorder symptomatology, course and outcome. This topic has captured the interest of many eating disorder researchers, with studies revealing that up to 80% of individuals with anorexia nervosa may exercise excessively (Davis et al., 1997), though others suggest more modest statistics, around 39% (Shroff et al., 2006; Tetyana wrote a po........ Read more »
Young, S, Rhodes, P, Touyz, S, & Hay, P. (2013) The relationship between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits, obsessive-compulsive disorder and excessive exercise in patients with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review. Journal of Eating Disorders, 16-29. DOI: 10.1186/2050-2974-1-16
- July 22, 2013
- 11:24 AM
- 979 views
Beer, Liquor and Risk for Parkinson's Disease
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
There are several known protective factors in risk for Parkinson's disease including exercise, moderate coffee consumption and cigarette smoking. Rui Liu and colleagues recently examined the effect type and quantity of alcohol consumption with risk of Parkinson's disease.They examined alcohol consumption patterns in a cohort of subjects from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (over 300,000 subjects). Consumption patterns came from a questionnaire completed in 1995-1996 from a c........ Read more »
Liu R, Guo X, Park Y, Wang J, Huang X, Hollenbeck A, Blair A, & Chen H. (2013) Alcohol Consumption, Types of Alcohol, and Parkinson's Disease. PloS one, 8(6). PMID: 23840473
- July 16, 2013
- 11:40 AM
- 805 views
Multiple Sclerosis, Emotion, Cognition and Risk Taking
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain disorders can impact many cognitive domains. Additionally, pharmacological treatments for brain disorders also can contribute to impaired cognition.Understanding the effects of brain disease and treatment effects is an important component of clinical management. Simioni and colleagues from Switzerland recently published an important study of decision making in a group of individuals suffering from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Their study design and results ........; Read more »
Simioni S, Schluep M, Bault N, Coricelli G, Kleeberg J, Du Pasquier RA, Gschwind M, Vuilleumier P, & Annoni JM. (2012) Multiple sclerosis decreases explicit counterfactual processing and risk taking in decision making. PloS one, 7(12). PMID: 23227201
- July 13, 2013
- 10:10 PM
- 784 views
The Destructive Power of Shame
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Shame is a negative self-conscious emotion that encompasses the feeling that something is terribly wrong with the self as a human being. Feelings of shame are a prominent factor in suicidal thoughts, behaviors, and self-harm (Hastings et al., 2002; Gilbert et al., 2010). Lately I've encountered several articles saying that shame really isn't that bad for you, after all. The first theme of these commentaries is the spectacle of public shaming, and the second theme concerns private sham........ Read more »
Wiechelt SA. (2007) The specter of shame in substance misuse. Substance use , 42(2-3), 399-409. PMID: 17558937
Gilbert P, McEwan K, Irons C, Bhundia R, Christie R, Broomhead C, & Rockliff H. (2010) Self-harm in a mixed clinical population: the roles of self-criticism, shame, and social rank. The British journal of clinical psychology / the British Psychological Society, 49(Pt 4), 563-76. PMID: 20109278
Hastings ME, Northman LM, Tangney JP. (2002) Shame, Guilt, and Suicide. Suicide Science, 67-79. DOI: 10.1007/0-306-47233-3_6
- July 8, 2013
- 12:05 PM
- 1,086 views
Genetics of Gambling Addiction in Men and Women
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
A variety of influences appear to influence the risk of the development of a gambling addiction. There is a growing body of literature related to the brain science behind the variation of risk to engage in gambling behavior.In the next few posts, I will summarize some of the recent brain imaging research related to gambling behavior. As a preview to these posts, I would like to review a study of the role of genetic factors in gambling behavior.A relatively recent twin study of disord........ Read more »
Slutske WS, Zhu G, Meier MH, & Martin NG. (2010) Genetic and environmental influences on disordered gambling in men and women. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(6), 624-30. PMID: 20530012
- July 8, 2013
- 12:23 AM
- 870 views
Can we use Facebook to assess mental health needs after a disaster?
by Eva Alisic in Trauma Recovery
Imagine: you have just received a request to assess the mental health needs of the survivors of a large-scale disaster. What are your major challenges: Logistics? Resources? Communication? Getting an overview of who is in the area, who has been assessed, and who still needs to be? And if needs are identified, getting the appropriate services in place?
Probably all of the above. In addition, it may be dangerous to enter the disaster area altogether, for example due to radiation risk.
Theref........ Read more »
Ben-Ezra M, Palgi Y, Aviel O, Dubiner Y, Evelyn Baruch, Soffer Y, & Shrira A. (2013) Face it: Collecting mental health and disaster related data using Facebook vs. personal interview: The case of the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster. Psychiatry research, 91-3. PMID: 23200780
- July 2, 2013
- 10:53 AM
- 753 views
Genetics of Caffeine and Insomnia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Caffeine is commonly consumed as a mild stimulant to promote wakefulness. However, if consumed in the evening, this effect may also produce problems with sleep and onset insomnia.Caffeine-related sleep problems and insomnia vary across the general population. Some individuals appear very sensitive to the effect of caffeine on sleep while others are relatively insensitive to this effect.A twin study previously documented the role of genetic factors on caffeine-related insomnia.Byrne a........ Read more »
Byrne EM, Johnson J, McRae AF, Nyholt DR, Medland SE, Gehrman PR, Heath AC, Madden PA, Montgomery GW, Chenevix-Trench G.... (2012) A genome-wide association study of caffeine-related sleep disturbance: confirmation of a role for a common variant in the adenosine receptor. Sleep, 35(7), 967-75. PMID: 22754043
- July 1, 2013
- 12:10 PM
- 946 views
Frontal Cortex Deficit Identified in Morning Insomnia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Inferior View of Orbitofrontal Cortex in PinkIn previous posts, I reviewed a study examining the effect of worry on insomnia across the lifespan and the correlates of sleep with aging and dementia.Understanding the mechanism of insomnia is necessary to develop prevention and treatment options. One strategy for exploring mechanisms is to understand brain structural and functional abnormalities in those with insomnia.Diederick Stoffers and colleagues from the Netherlands recently published a........ Read more »
Stoffers D, Moens S, Benjamins J, van Tol MJ, Penninx BW, Veltman DJ, Van der Wee NJ, & Van Someren EJ. (2012) Orbitofrontal gray matter relates to early morning awakening: a neural correlate of insomnia complaints?. Frontiers in neurology, 105. PMID: 23060850
- June 26, 2013
- 11:56 AM
- 809 views
Sleep, Aging and Dementia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain changes with age result in changes in sleep duration and architecture.In a previous post, I reviewed a study of the contribution of worry to sleep problems across the lifespan. This study found a trend for worry-related sleep problems to decrease in those over 60 years of age. However, sleep complaints rose throughout life affecting 25 to 30% of those in their 70s.Anderson and Bradley recently published a nice summary of the sleep problems in those with mental and neurodegenera........ Read more »
Anderson KN, & Bradley AJ. (2013) Sleep disturbance in mental health problems and neurodegenerative disease. Nature and science of sleep, 61-75. PMID: 23761983
- June 25, 2013
- 11:17 AM
- 759 views
Worry, Insomnia and Aging
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Anxiety contributes to risk of sleep impairment. The anxiety disorder known as generalized anxiety disorder includes description of worry that is out of control producing impairment through physical pain and insomnia.Sleep complaints including insomnia tend to increase with age. The mechanism for this effect is unclear but may relate to physiological changes associated with brain aging.Paula Salo and colleagues in Finland, the United Kingdom and France recently published an informati........ Read more »
Salo, P., Vahtera, J., Ferrie, J., Akbaraly, T., Goldberg, M., Zins, M., Pentti, J., Virtanen, M., Shipley, M., Singh-Manoux, A.... (2012) Trajectories of Sleep Complaints From Early Midlife to Old Age: Longitudinal Modeling Study. SLEEP. DOI: 10.5665/sleep.2210
- June 17, 2013
- 12:03 PM
- 1,424 views
Brain Insula Signals Response to Depression Treatment
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post, I reviewed a research summary of the potential for brain imaging to be a clinical tool in the diagnosis of brain disorders in the mood disorders domain.One of the key points in that review is the value of finding brain biomarkers for response to specific treatments.To follow up on this point, a recent research study has been published that proposes the brain insular cortex region may be key to determining specific treatment response in major depressive disorder.Helen Mayberg ........ Read more »
McGrath CL, Kelley ME, Holtzheimer PE, Dunlop BW, Craighead WE, Franco AR, Craddock RC, & Mayberg HS. (2013) Toward a Neuroimaging Treatment Selection Biomarker for Major Depressive Disorder. JAMA psychiatry (Chicago, Ill.), 1-9. PMID: 23760393
- June 12, 2013
- 11:25 AM
- 806 views
Brain Imaging for Diagnosis of Mood Disorders
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain imaging holds promise for improving the accuracy of diagnosis in brain disorders falling under the psychiatric domain.No reliable and valid brain imaging techniques currently exist for the diagnosis of depression or bipolar disorder. However, research progress has been rapid.Jonathan Savitz from the Laureate Institute for Brain Research and colleagues at Harvard University and Johnson and Johnson Research and Development recently summarized the current state of knowledge in........ Read more »
Savitz JB, Rauch SL, & Drevets WC. (2013) Clinical application of brain imaging for the diagnosis of mood disorders: the current state of play. Molecular psychiatry, 18(5), 528-39. PMID: 23546169
- June 11, 2013
- 10:54 AM
- 1,141 views
Sleep Effects of Orexin Receptor Drugs in Insomnia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post, I reviewed a recently clinical trial studying the effect of an orexin receptor blocking agent in the treatment of insomnia.Orexin appears to be a neurochemical involved in arousability and motor activity. Preliminary studies suggest the orexin receptor may provide a novel target for hypnotics in the treatment of insomnia.An important question in the effects of orexin is whether the hypnotic effect of orexin simulates the same sleep effects as seen by the more studied be........ Read more »
Bettica, P., Squassante, L., Groeger, J., Gennery, B., Winsky-Sommerer, R., & Dijk, D. (2012) Differential Effects of a Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist (SB-649868) and Zolpidem on Sleep Initiation and Consolidation, SWS, REM Sleep, and EEG Power Spectra in a Model of Situational Insomnia. Neuropsychopharmacology, 37(5), 1224-1233. DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.310
- June 11, 2013
- 08:14 AM
- 1,025 views
Beyond Simple Solutions: The Need for Complex Ideas in Anorexia Nervosa
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
I often hesitate to make broad, sweeping claims about the nature, cause, and experience of eating disorders and disordered eating. However, if there is one thing I feel absolutely certain saying about these disorders, it is that they are incredibly complex and multifaceted with no “one-size fits all” solution. So, I was quite excited when I came across a recent article by Michael Strober and Craig Johnson (2012) that explores the complexity of eating disorders and their treatme........ Read more »
Strober, M., & Johnson, C. (2012) The need for complex ideas in anorexia nervosa: Why biology, environment, and psyche all matter, why therapists make mistakes, and why clinical benchmarks are needed for managing weight correction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45(2), 155-178. DOI: 10.1002/eat.22005
- June 10, 2013
- 07:18 AM
- 969 views
BDSM Practices Are Actually Healthy
by Andrew Porterfield in United Academics
Researcher at Tilburg University has found that instead, people who practice these behaviors in the bedroom (at least) are actually quite psychologically healthy... Read more »
Wismeijer AA, & van Assen MA. (2013) Psychological Characteristics of BDSM Practitioners. The journal of sexual medicine. PMID: 23679066
topics
join us!
Do you write about peer-reviewed research in your blog? Use ResearchBlogging.org to make it easy for your readers — and others from around the world — to find your serious posts about academic research.
If you don't have a blog, you can still use our site to learn about fascinating developments in cutting-edge research from around the world.
Research Blogging is powered by SMG Technology.
To learn more, visit seedmediagroup.com.