All posts; Tags Include "Clinical Psychology"
- June 12, 2013
- 11:25 AM
- 553 views
Brain Imaging for Diagnosis of Mood Disorders
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain imaging holds promise for improving the accuracy of diagnosis in brain disorders falling under the psychiatric domain.No reliable and valid brain imaging techniques currently exist for the diagnosis of depression or bipolar disorder. However, research progress has been rapid.Jonathan Savitz from the Laureate Institute for Brain Research and colleagues at Harvard University and Johnson and Johnson Research and Development recently summarized the current state of knowledge in........ Read more »
Savitz JB, Rauch SL, & Drevets WC. (2013) Clinical application of brain imaging for the diagnosis of mood disorders: the current state of play. Molecular psychiatry, 18(5), 528-39. PMID: 23546169
- June 11, 2013
- 10:54 AM
- 755 views
Sleep Effects of Orexin Receptor Drugs in Insomnia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post, I reviewed a recently clinical trial studying the effect of an orexin receptor blocking agent in the treatment of insomnia.Orexin appears to be a neurochemical involved in arousability and motor activity. Preliminary studies suggest the orexin receptor may provide a novel target for hypnotics in the treatment of insomnia.An important question in the effects of orexin is whether the hypnotic effect of orexin simulates the same sleep effects as seen by the more studied be........ Read more »
Bettica, P., Squassante, L., Groeger, J., Gennery, B., Winsky-Sommerer, R., & Dijk, D. (2012) Differential Effects of a Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist (SB-649868) and Zolpidem on Sleep Initiation and Consolidation, SWS, REM Sleep, and EEG Power Spectra in a Model of Situational Insomnia. Neuropsychopharmacology, 37(5), 1224-1233. DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.310
- June 11, 2013
- 08:14 AM
- 726 views
Beyond Simple Solutions: The Need for Complex Ideas in Anorexia Nervosa
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
I often hesitate to make broad, sweeping claims about the nature, cause, and experience of eating disorders and disordered eating. However, if there is one thing I feel absolutely certain saying about these disorders, it is that they are incredibly complex and multifaceted with no “one-size fits all” solution. So, I was quite excited when I came across a recent article by Michael Strober and Craig Johnson (2012) that explores the complexity of eating disorders and their treatme........ Read more »
Strober, M., & Johnson, C. (2012) The need for complex ideas in anorexia nervosa: Why biology, environment, and psyche all matter, why therapists make mistakes, and why clinical benchmarks are needed for managing weight correction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45(2), 155-178. DOI: 10.1002/eat.22005
- June 10, 2013
- 07:18 AM
- 426 views
BDSM Practices Are Actually Healthy
by Andrew Porterfield in United Academics
Researcher at Tilburg University has found that instead, people who practice these behaviors in the bedroom (at least) are actually quite psychologically healthy... Read more »
Wismeijer AA, & van Assen MA. (2013) Psychological Characteristics of BDSM Practitioners. The journal of sexual medicine. PMID: 23679066
- June 6, 2013
- 10:06 AM
- 516 views
Orexin Antagonist Drugs for Insomnia Treatment
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Current drug treatment approaches for insomnia have significant limitations. Benzodiazepine receptor drugs have clinical effectiveness but may contribute to morning sedation and cognitive impairment.One promising drug development target is the orexin receptor. The effect of orexin-A on arousal and sleep has been extensively studied in rat models. Injection of orexin-A into the brain in rats results in increased firing of the locus coeruleus, increased physical activity, reduced........ Read more »
Bettica P, Squassante L, Zamuner S, Nucci G, Danker-Hopfe H, & Ratti E. (2012) The orexin antagonist SB-649868 promotes and maintains sleep in men with primary insomnia. Sleep, 35(8), 1097-104. PMID: 22851805
- June 4, 2013
- 11:01 AM
- 723 views
Melatonin for Insomnia: Research Summary
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Molecular Model of MelatoninInsomnia is a common problem in the general population and is linked to greater health care utilization and increased mortality risk.Primary sleep disorder including primary insomnia are conditions that are not explained by a medical, substance use or mental disorder. Treatment options for primary sleep disorders include psychological interventions and medications. Melatonin is a commonly used drug that is available over the counter in the United States.Th........ Read more »
Ferracioli-Oda E, Qawasmi A, & Bloch MH. (2013) Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. PloS one, 8(5). PMID: 23691095
- June 3, 2013
- 11:09 AM
- 494 views
Can Brain Imaging Aid in the Diagnosis of ADHD?
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain Cerebellum Highlighted in PurpleBrain imaging advances to date are predominantly within the domain of research with limited clinical utility.However, brain imaging techniques such as sensitive structural imaging methods, functional connectivity imaging, combined EEG and structural brain imaging and diffusion tensor imaging hold promise for clinical applications.An obvious application would be the use of brain imaging in confirmation of the diagnosis of brain disorders. Such methods w........ Read more »
Lim L, Marquand A, Cubillo AA, Smith AB, Chantiluke K, Simmons A, Mehta M, & Rubia K. (2013) Disorder-specific predictive classification of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) relative to autism using structural magnetic resonance imaging. PloS one, 8(5). PMID: 23696841
- May 29, 2013
- 09:49 AM
- 442 views
Epidemiology of Childhood Brain Disorders: Conduct Disorder
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control recently published an excellent review of the epidemiology of childhood brain disorders.In a previous post, I reviewed the findings in ADHD and in autism/autism spectrum disorder. In this post, I will summarize some of the key findings of the review for conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder.Conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder share some characteristics and can be conceptualized as two disorders along a line of severity. ........ Read more »
Perou R, Bitsko RH, Blumberg SJ, Pastor P, Ghandour RM, Gfroerer JC, Hedden SL, Crosby AE, Visser SN, Schieve LA.... (2013) Mental health surveillance among children - United States, 2005-2011. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002), 62(2), 1-35. PMID: 23677130
- May 20, 2013
- 11:55 AM
- 528 views
Epidemiology of Childhood Brain Disorders: ADHD and Autism
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has published a comprehensive summary of the epidemiology of childhood brain disorders in the most recent Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.This report produced some sensationalized headlines that up to 20% of children suffer from a mental disorder. However, I was more interested in looking at the prevalence estimates for some of the individual disorders from the report.The report collates data collected from a variety of surveys and data sets inclu........ Read more »
Perou R, Bitsko RH, Blumberg SJ, Pastor P, Ghandour RM, Gfroerer JC, Hedden SL, Crosby AE, Visser SN, Schieve LA.... (2013) Mental health surveillance among children - United States, 2005-2011. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002), 62(2), 1-35. PMID: 23677130
- May 15, 2013
- 04:50 PM
- 412 views
What RDoC Research Might Look Like
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
The month of May is a violent thingIn the city their hearts start to singWell, some people sing, it sounds like they're screamingI used to doubt it, but now I believe itMonth Of May ------The Arcade FireToday is Mental Health Month Blog Day, sponsored by the American Psychological Association (APA). It's designed to:...educate the public about mental health, decrease stigma about mental illness, and discuss strategies for making lasting lifestyle and behavior changes that pro........ Read more »
Vaidyanathan, U., Nelson, L., & Patrick, C. (2011) Clarifying domains of internalizing psychopathology using neurophysiology. Psychological Medicine, 42(03), 447-459. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291711001528
Dichter, G., Damiano, C., & Allen, J. (2012) Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 4(1), 19. DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-4-19
- May 10, 2013
- 10:33 AM
- 495 views
Insula Activation as a Biomarker for Depression Risk
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Right and Left Insula Cortex Highlighted in TealBiomarker research in brain disorders including schizophrenia and mood disorders is an important pathway to early identification and prevention.In a previous post, I reviewed a summary of current biomarker research in schizophrenia. This summary suggested that accelerated brain gray matter volume decline during childhood and adolescence is a candidate biomarker in schizophrenia.In this post, I will look at a similar imaging biomarker study in........ Read more »
Whalley HC, Sussmann JE, Romaniuk L, Stewart T, Papmeyer M, Sprooten E, Hackett S, Hall J, Lawrie SM, & McIntosh AM. (2013) Prediction of depression in individuals at high familial risk of mood disorders using functional magnetic resonance imaging. PloS one, 8(3). PMID: 23483904
- May 9, 2013
- 11:24 AM
- 588 views
Biomarkers for Psychosis and Schizophrenia Risk
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Prefrontal Cortex Highlighted in RedIdentifying valid biomarkers for psychosis and schizophrenia is an active focus in brain research.Tyronne Cannon, Ph.D. from Yale University recently presented a summary of research on this topic at the William K. Warren Neuroscience Symposium in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Here are my notes from his presentation along with related free full-text research references.Biomarker research in psychosis is important because current treatment for psychosis with the antipsy........ Read more »
Sun D, van Erp TG, Thompson PM, Bearden CE, Daley M, Kushan L, Hardt ME, Nuechterlein KH, Toga AW, & Cannon TD. (2009) Elucidating a magnetic resonance imaging-based neuroanatomic biomarker for psychosis: classification analysis using probabilistic brain atlas and machine learning algorithms. Biological psychiatry, 66(11), 1055-60. PMID: 19729150
Seidman LJ, Giuliano AJ, Meyer EC, Addington J, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Tsuang MT, Walker EF.... (2010) Neuropsychology of the prodrome to psychosis in the NAPLS consortium: relationship to family history and conversion to psychosis. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(6), 578-88. PMID: 20530007
Gee DG, Karlsgodt KH, van Erp TG, Bearden CE, Lieberman MD, Belger A, Perkins DO, Olvet DM, Cornblatt BA, Constable T.... (2012) Altered age-related trajectories of amygdala-prefrontal circuitry in adolescents at clinical high risk for psychosis: a preliminary study. Schizophrenia research, 134(1), 1-9. PMID: 22056201
- May 9, 2013
- 10:41 AM
- 1,486 views
The role of siblings in children’s mental health
by Eva Alisic in Trauma Recovery
When you were young(er), did you also engage in personality predictions with your peers based on order in the family? For example, that the oldest of three siblings would be the bossiest and the youngest the most spoiled? Almost everyone (90% of us) have one or more siblings. And we know they play an important role in our lives. Scientists have now combined international research examining siblings’ role in children’s mental health. ... Read more »
Buist KL, Deković M, & Prinzie P. (2013) Sibling relationship quality and psychopathology of children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 33(1), 97-106. PMID: 23159327
- May 8, 2013
- 08:10 AM
- 640 views
http://blog.dolotest.com/2013/05/08/pain-and-depression-linked-to-the-immune-system/
by Kim Kristiansen in Picture of Pain
epression together with pain, but not pain alone, may increase activity in the immune system and inflammation. These are the important findings of a new study just published in the journal “Pain Medicine”.... Read more »
Kim Kristiansen, M.D. (2013) Pain and Depression Linked to the Immune System. Picture of Pain Blog. info:/
- May 1, 2013
- 11:54 AM
- 599 views
Advances In Parkinson's Disease Treatment: Part II
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Globus Pallidus Region of Brain Targeted in DBS in YellowIn a previous post, I summarized some of the highlights of a recent review of Parkinson's disease management by the German neurologists Pedrosa and Timmerman.The first post can be located here and was limited to the drug treatment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.In part II, I want to focus on deep brain stimulation and the treatment of non-motor symptoms.The authors of the review note the following key points regarding deep br........ Read more »
Pedrosa, D., & Timmermann, . (2013) Review: management of Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 321. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S32302
- April 30, 2013
- 11:31 AM
- 679 views
Treatment Advances in Parkinson's Disease: Part I
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
3D Molecular Model of L-DopaDrug treatment of Parkinson's disease is a complex clinical problem. This complexity relates to several factors including incomplete response, multiple symptom domains and adverse effects of commonly used drugs.David Pedrosa and Lars Timmerman from the Department of Neurology at University Hospital Cologne in Germany have recently published an excellent review of Parkinson's disease management.The review is packed with comprehensive tables with specific drug inf........ Read more »
Pedrosa, D., & Timmermann, . (2013) Review: management of Parkinson's disease. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 321. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S32302
- April 28, 2013
- 11:57 PM
- 632 views
Factors Associated with Recovery from Anorexia Nervosa
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
Why do some people recover anorexia nervosa relatively quickly while others seem to struggle for years or decades? Does it depend on the person’s desire to get better? Their willpower? How much they are willing to fight? Is it just that some try harder than others? Some might say yes, but most will correctly realize that the picture is much, much more complex.
We can spend hours talking about barriers to treatment, but in this post I want to talk about something slightly different, somethi........ Read more »
Zerwas, S., Lund, B., Von Holle, A., Thornton, L., Berrettini, W., Brandt, H., Crawford, S., Fichter, M., Halmi, K., Johnson, C.... (2013) Factors associated with recovery from anorexia nervosa. Journal of Psychiatric Research. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.02.011
- April 25, 2013
- 03:52 PM
- 799 views
Predicting Resilience in Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
by amikulak in Daily Observations
Childhood sexual abuse can have devastating and long-lasting consequences for survivors, yet little research has focused on the factors associated with resiliency following childhood sexual abuse. New research published in The post Predicting Resilience in Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse appeared first on Association for Psychological Science.... Read more »
Whitelock, C., Lamb, M., & Rentfrow, P. (2013) Overcoming Trauma: Psychological and Demographic Characteristics of Child Sexual Abuse Survivors in Adulthood. Clinical Psychological Science. DOI: 10.1177/2167702613480136
- April 25, 2013
- 11:15 AM
- 580 views
White Matter Changes in Schizophrenia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Schizophrenia is a disabling brain disorder characterized by psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.Schizophrenia has a prevalence rate of about 1% of the population with relatively stable rates across nations and cultures.Early brain imaging studies focused on regional evidence of brain atrophy primarily in brain gray matter. However, with the development of diffusion tensor imaging, there is a growing body of research examining white matter changes in schizophrenia. &nbs........; Read more »
Alba-Ferrara, L., & de Erausquin, G. (2013) What does anisotropy measure? Insights from increased and decreased anisotropy in selective fiber tracts in schizophrenia. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2013.00009
- April 24, 2013
- 11:12 AM
- 630 views
DTI Identifies Brain Aging Changes
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain white matter plays a key role in connecting functional brain areas. These connections are required for complex brain processing required for memory and executive functions, i.e planning and problem solving.Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a relatively recent brain imaging tool that provides a method of analyzing regional human white matter function. Additionally, when DTI is paired with cognitive testing it allows for study of the brain regions and circuits responsible for spe........ Read more »
Sasson E, Doniger GM, Pasternak O, Tarrasch R, & Assaf Y. (2013) White matter correlates of cognitive domains in normal aging with diffusion tensor imaging. Frontiers in neuroscience, 32. PMID: 23493587
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