All posts; Tags Include "Clinical Psychology"
- February 14, 2012
- 08:49 AM
- 1,441 views
Finding What Works for Those Who Work for Their Country
by APS Daily Observations in Daily Observations
Veterans who have served their country deserve the best treatment possible. And Bradley Karlin, Director of the Psychotherapy Programs at US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), helps insure that the ... Read more »
Karlin, B., & Humphreys, K. (2007) Improving Medicare coverage of psychological services for older Americans. American Psychologist, 62(7), 637-649. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.7.637
- February 14, 2012
- 07:58 AM
- 1,538 views
The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for children with PTSD
by Eva Alisic in Trauma Recovery
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is probably the most used, or at least most recommended, treatment for children with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). As I am quite fond of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the new meta-analysis on the efficacy of trauma focused CBT by Kowalik and colleagues quickly grabbed my attention. Although (and because?) I have a few critical questions regarding the publication, I think it merits attention from researchers and clinicians.... Read more »
Kowalik, J., Weller, J., Venter, J., & Drachman, D. (2011) Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(3), 405-413. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.02.002
- February 14, 2012
- 01:51 AM
- 1,219 views
Valentine’s Day Kills!
by Pranab Chatterjee in Scepticemia
I wish all my readers a very Happy Valentine’s Day and though I am spending it in a rather sad and loser-like fashion, I hope y’all make a day out of it! I know this is the day when pink sappiness overrules our lives and the loveless ones like myself feel rather left out of [...]... Read more »
Davenport, S., & Birtle, J. (1990) Association between parasuicide and Saint Valentine's Day. BMJ, 300(6727), 783-784. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.300.6727.783
- February 8, 2012
- 02:48 PM
- 694 views
Cyberchondria: Online health information and health anxiety
by Ben in Critical Science
Wondering what that rash on your arm is? If the cough you’ve had for a few days warrants making an appointment to see your doctor/physician? If you’ve ever used the internet to answer these sort of questions then you’re in the 60-80% of internet users who regularly do so. In theory this is a great idea – you get access to the collective knowledge of medicine, and you don’t get kicked out of the appointment room after 15 minutes. However, there are a few problems – research tell us th........ Read more »
Muse, K., McManus, F., Leung, C., Meghreblian, B., & Williams, J. (2012) Cyberchondriasis: Fact or fiction? A preliminary examination of the relationship between health anxiety and searching for health information on the Internet. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(1), 189-196. DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.11.005
- January 23, 2012
- 03:18 PM
- 674 views
Parent Training and Conduct Disorder Outcome
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Three previous posts examined the clinical neuroscience disorder antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). This condition results in high societal costs for crime and incarceration for individuals with ASPD.ASPD appears to have significant genetic contributions and brain imaging studies show abnormal brain maturational patterns in the premotor cortex area as well as impaired processing of facial emotional expression.Antisocial personality is an early age of onset disorder with conduct disord........ Read more »
Drugli MB, Larsson B, Fossum S, & Mørch WT. (2010) Five- to six-year outcome and its prediction for children with ODD/CD treated with parent training. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 51(5), 559-66. PMID: 20015193
- January 22, 2012
- 05:07 AM
- 1,389 views
4 Meta-analyses of predictors of PTSD in children: An overview
by Eva Alisic in Trauma Recovery
One of the main questions of child trauma psychologists is which children are most vulnerable for PTSD after a traumatic event. The answer would help us to develop interventions that address causes of distress and to focus on the children most in need.
Recently, a fourth meta-analysis on predictors of posttraumatic stress in children has been published, which makes it interesting to compare findings and methods (yes, in that order, for busy people :-))
... Read more »
Kahana, S., Feeny, N., Youngstrom, E., & Drotar, D. (2006) Posttraumatic Stress in Youth Experiencing Illnesses and Injuries: An Exploratory Meta-Analysis. Traumatology, 12(2), 148-161. DOI: 10.1177/1534765606294562
Cox CM, Kenardy JA, & Hendrikz JK. (2008) A meta-analysis of risk factors that predict psychopathology following accidental trauma. Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN, 13(2), 98-110. PMID: 18366377
Alisic E, Jongmans MJ, van Wesel F, & Kleber RJ. (2011) Building child trauma theory from longitudinal studies: a meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 31(5), 736-47. PMID: 21501581
Trickey D, Siddaway AP, Meiser-Stedman R, Serpell L, & Field AP. (2011) A meta-analysis of risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Clinical psychology review, 32(2), 122-138. PMID: 22245560
- January 20, 2012
- 11:40 AM
- 832 views
Brain Imaging in Antisocial Personality: II
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
This is the second in a series of posts looking at recent imaging findings in antisocial personality. In the first post, I reviewed an fMRI study that found deficits in connectivity maturation involving the premotor cortex in a sample of incarcerated juveniles.In this post, I will review a study looking a emotional face processing. Accurately assessing the emotions of others and adjusting ones own behavior is a key component to social development and appropriate social behavior.Indiv........ Read more »
Passamonti L, Fairchild G, Goodyer IM, Hurford G, Hagan CC, Rowe JB, & Calder AJ. (2010) Neural abnormalities in early-onset and adolescence-onset conduct disorder. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(7), 729-38. PMID: 20603454
- January 19, 2012
- 09:22 AM
- 885 views
Brain Imaging in Antisocial Personality: I
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is linked to a variety of emotional and behavioral abnormalities with significant public health implications.Key components of antisocial personality disorder include irritability with anger dysregulation. Individuals with ASPD are quick tempered with anger outbursts commonly leading to physical or emotional aggressiveness towards others.The emotional and behavioral abnormalities in ASPD may provide a model for studying specific brain regions controll........ Read more »
Shannon BJ, Raichle ME, Snyder AZ, Fair DA, Mills KL, Zhang D, Bache K, Calhoun VD, Nigg JT, Nagel BJ.... (2011) Premotor functional connectivity predicts impulsivity in juvenile offenders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(27), 11241-5. PMID: 21709236
- January 18, 2012
- 09:40 AM
- 896 views
Twin Study of Antisocial Personality Disorder
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Twin studies provide a valuable method to explore the genetic and environmental contributions to a variety of clinical neuroscience disorders.Twin studies use a method where identical twins (monozygotic) sharing 100% of their genes are compared to non-identical twins (dizygotic) who share 50% of their genes.Disorders that are entirely environmental would be found at the same rates in non-identical twins and indentical twins. Disorders with a strong genetic contribution would be more likely........ Read more »
Kendler KS, Aggen SH, & Patrick CJ. (2012) A Multivariate Twin Study of the DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder. Biological psychiatry, 71(3), 247-53. PMID: 21762879
- January 17, 2012
- 11:26 AM
- 791 views
The Economic Costs of Brain Disorders
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Clinical disorders involving the brain are common and produce a variety of economic costs to society.Cost analyses provide an overview of the types of disorders and their relative contribution to the overall costs to society. Such types of analyses can aid public health officials in targeting strategies to reduce the burden of brain disorders.Andlin-Sobocki and colleagues recently published an analysis of the costs of brain disorder in Europe. This study included both neurological an........ Read more »
Olesen J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Wittchen HU, Jönsson B, on behalf of the CDBE2010 study group, & the European Brain Council. (2012) The economic cost of brain disorders in Europe. European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies, 19(1), 155-162. PMID: 22175760
- January 13, 2012
- 09:56 AM
- 1,050 views
Suboxone Treatment for Prescription Opioid Abuse
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Chemical Structures for Buprenorphine and NaloxoneIn three previous posts I have reviewed several aspects of prescription opioid abuse including posts on epidemiology, toxicology and clinical pathways to abuse.Given the growing numbers of individuals with prescription opioid abuse, safe and effective treatment options become increasingly important.Opioid withdrawal can be quite painful and often leads to resumption of opioid use. Treatment of opioid withdrawal can include non-opioid drugs ........ Read more »
Weiss RD, Potter JS, Fiellin DA, Byrne M, Connery HS, Dickinson W, Gardin J, Griffin ML, Gourevitch MN, Haller DL.... (2011) Adjunctive counseling during brief and extended buprenorphine-naloxone treatment for prescription opioid dependence: a 2-phase randomized controlled trial. Archives of general psychiatry, 68(12), 1238-46. PMID: 22065255
- January 5, 2012
- 01:29 PM
- 717 views
Pathways to Prescription Opioid Overdose
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The majority of initial prescriptions for opioid analgesics in acute pain management occur without development of a pattern of misuse or abuse.However, in some individuals, opioid prescriptions produce a pathway for misuse, abuse and risk of opioid overdose death. In two previous posts, I have outlined the epidemiology of opioid overdose death and the toxicology of these compounds.Risk factors for the development of prescription opioid drugs have not been extensively studied. However........ Read more »
Paulozzi, L., Kilbourne, E., Shah, N., Nolte, K., Desai, H., Landen, M., Harvey, W., & Loring, L. (2011) A History of Being Prescribed Controlled Substances and Risk of Drug Overdose Death. Pain Medicine. DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01260.x
- January 4, 2012
- 09:39 PM
- 1,357 views
A Walkthrough To Find Credible Souces and Answers to the Controversies of Vaccines, Evolution, Holocaust, and Global Warming
by DJ Busby in Astronasty
Where do you get your facts?
Hopefully, a reliable source.
So what's an online reliable source, and how can a regular Joe get a hold of this information?
A very easy way to be confident is to make sure that you're reading from an .edu or .gov page. One of the easiest (and quickest) ways to find your topic is through the citations on Wikipedia. Some people doubt the validity of Wikipedia in fear of hecklers. The nature or self-maintaining issue of Wikipedia aside, the citation........ Read more »
Bonhoeffer J, & Heininger U. (2007) Adverse events following immunization: perception and evidence. Current opinion in infectious diseases, 20(3), 237-46. PMID: 17471032
Demicheli V, Jefferson T, Rivetti A, & Price D. (2005) Vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella in children. Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online). PMID: 16235361
Committee on Revising Science and Creationism: A View from the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences and Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. (2008) Science, Evolution, and Creationism. The National Academies Press. info:/9780309105866
Boykoff, M., & Boykoff, J. (2004) Balance as bias: global warming and the US prestige press. Global Environmental Change, 14(2), 125-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.001
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- January 4, 2012
- 01:32 PM
- 1,092 views
Prescription Opioid Overdose Toxicology
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
My previous post examined the epidemiology of rise in opioid abuse and opioid overdose deaths in the U.S. The number of these deaths has increased fourfold in the last decade and appears to be higher in states with higher rates of prescriptions for the opioid drug class.Members of the prescribed opioid compounds includes the following generic (Trade name) drugs in the U.S.:MethadoneOxycodone (Oxycontin/Percodan)Hydromorphone (Vicodin/Lortab)Meperidine (Demerol)Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)Codei........ Read more »
Wolf BC, Lavezzi WA, Sullivan LM, & Flannagan LM. (2005) One hundred seventy two deaths involving the use of oxycodone in Palm Beach County. Journal of forensic sciences, 50(1), 192-5. PMID: 15831018
Darke S, Duflou J, & Torok M. (2011) Toxicology and characteristics of fatal oxycodone toxicity cases in New South Wales, Australia 1999-2008. Journal of forensic sciences, 56(3), 690-3. PMID: 21361931
- December 31, 2011
- 09:39 AM
- 536 views
Variation in the human cannabinoid receptor CNR1 gene modulates gaze duration for happy faces
by Dorit Kliemann in neuro JC
The authors of the current study (2) investigated the relationship of common genetic variations and gaze patterns. In particular, they tested whether variations in the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene would modulate gaze duration on (happy) faces. To this end, four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CNR1 gene were genotyped in 30 healthy subjects (13 [...]... Read more »
Chakrabarti B, Kent L, Suckling J, Bullmore E, & Baron-Cohen S. (2006) Variations in the human cannabinoid receptor (CNR1) gene modulate striatal responses to happy faces. The European journal of neuroscience, 23(7), 1944-8. PMID: 16623851
Chakrabarti, B., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2011) Variation in the human cannabinoid receptor CNR1 gene modulates gaze duration for happy faces. Molecular Autism, 2(1), 10. DOI: 10.1186/2040-2392-2-10
- December 21, 2011
- 12:50 PM
- 1,007 views
Slow Wave Sleep Deprivation in Depression
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Sleep abnormalities commonly occur in depression and are included in the diagnostic criteria for the disorder. Acute sleep deprivation temporarily improves the symptoms of major depression in approximately 50 to 60 percent of patients. The mechanism for this effect is not well understood. Sleep architecture abnormalities in depression include reduced REM latency (period of time from falling asleep to first REM period). A significant amount of research has focused on REM s........ Read more »
Landsness EC, Goldstein MR, Peterson MJ, Tononi G, & Benca RM. (2011) Antidepressant effects of selective slow wave sleep deprivation in major depression: a high-density EEG investigation. Journal of psychiatric research, 45(8), 1019-26. PMID: 21397252
- December 20, 2011
- 12:45 PM
- 944 views
Antidepressant Effects in Healthy Brains
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post I summarized some of what is known about the effect of antidepressants in healthy brains. This issue is important because antidepressant drugs have indications outside of mood and anxiety disorders including peripheral neuropathy and migraine prophylaxis. Additionally, understanding the effects of antidepressants in healthy brains may also provide insight into the brain mechanisms related to depression.A recent fMRI imaging study provides some additional insight in........ Read more »
McCabe C, & Mishor Z. (2011) Antidepressant medications reduce subcortical-cortical resting-state functional connectivity in healthy volunteers. NeuroImage, 57(4), 1317-23. PMID: 21640839
- December 19, 2011
- 01:08 PM
- 873 views
Glutamate Receptors and Genetics of ADHD
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Genetic association studies in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been inconsistent despite a heritability estimated as high as 90% for the disorder.Recently, novel approaches examining gene copy number variations (CNV) have shown promise in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism.... Read more »
Elia J, Glessner JT, Wang K, Takahashi N, Shtir CJ, Hadley D, Sleiman PM, Zhang H, Kim CE, Robison R.... (2011) Genome-wide copy number variation study associates metabotropic glutamate receptor gene networks with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nature genetics. PMID: 22138692
- December 19, 2011
- 09:30 AM
- 807 views
The Psychology of Dictatorship: Kim Jong-Il
by Jason Goldman in The Thoughtful Animal
As long as there have been political dictators, psychologists have been fascinated with them. While many psychologists try to understand what happens in normal, rational people that leads them to follow such clearly dangerous leaders, some psychologists have been more interested in characterizing the personality profiles of dictators themselves. After all, who hasn’t attempted an [...]
... Read more »
Coolidge, F., & Segal, D. (2009) Is Kim Jong‐il like Saddam Hussein and Adolf Hitler? A personality disorder evaluation. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 1(3), 195-202. DOI: 10.1080/19434470903017664
Coolidge, F., & Segal, D. (2007) Was Saddam Hussein Like Adolf Hitler? A Personality Disorder Investigation. Military Psychology, 19(4), 289-299. DOI: 10.1080/08995600701548221
Frederick L. Coolidge, Felicia L. Davis, & Daniel L. Segal. (2007) Understanding Madmen: A DSM-IV Assessment of Adolf Hitler. Individual Differences Research, 5(1), 30-43. info:/
- December 14, 2011
- 12:44 PM
- 4,433 views
Brain and Gut in Processing Emotion
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex in BlueIntense emotional experiences frequently occur with bodily sensations such as a rapid heart rate or gastrointestinal distress.It appears that bodily sensation (interoception) can be an important source of information when judging one's emotional. How the brain processes interoception is becoming better understood. However, how the brain integrates interoceptive signals with other brain emotional processing circuits is less well understood.Terasawa and........ Read more »
Terasawa, Y., Fukushima, H., & Umeda, S. (2011) How does interoceptive awareness interact with the subjective experience of emotion? An fMRI Study. Human Brain Mapping. DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21458
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