All posts; Tags Include "Rehabilitation"
- August 30, 2016
- 11:59 AM
- 108 views
Dyslexia Improvement in Medication Trial
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Dyslexia or developmental reading disorder is a common learning disorder affecting about 5% of the school age population.Treatment of dyslexia is difficult and typically is focused on special education classes and reading exercises.Medication treatment for dyslexia is nearly unheard of as no FDA-approved drug is available for the condition.However, a recent randomized clinical drug trial found evidence to support the potential use of atomoxetine for dyslexia.Atomoxetine is a drug approved for at........ Read more »
Shaywitz S, Shaywitz B, Wietecha L, Wigal S, McBurnett K, Williams D, Kronenberger WG, & Hooper SR. (2016) Effect of Atomoxetine Treatment on Reading and Phonological Skills in Children with Dyslexia or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Dyslexia in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology. PMID: 27410907
- August 25, 2016
- 09:40 AM
- 154 views
How to rebuild a brain
by gdw in FictionalFieldwork
After the stroke The human brain is complicated. Very complicated. And like any piece of complex machinery that relies on the smooth functioning of many components, it’s not immune to malfunction. When a part of the brain doesn’t get proper nutrition through a nice and smooth blood flow, things go awry and a stroke occurs. […]... Read more »
Chowdhury R, Stevens S, Gorman D, Pan A, Warnakula S, Chowdhury S, Ward H, Johnson L, Crowe F, Hu FB.... (2012) Association between fish consumption, long chain omega 3 fatty acids, and risk of cerebrovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). PMID: 23112118
Hurst K, Lee R, Sideso E, Giles M, & Handa A. (2016) Delays in the presentation to stroke services of patients with transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke. The British journal of surgery. PMID: 27529453
Mayurasakorn K, Niatsetskaya ZV, Sosunov SA, Williams JJ, Zirpoli H, Vlasakov I, Deckelbaum RJ, & Ten VS. (2016) DHA but Not EPA Emulsions Preserve Neurological and Mitochondrial Function after Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neonatal Mice. PloS one, 11(8). PMID: 27513579
Wang Y, Zhao Z, Rege SV, Wang M, Si G, Zhou Y, Wang S, Griffin JH, Goldman SA, & Zlokovic BV. (2016) 3K3A-activated protein C stimulates postischemic neuronal repair by human neural stem cells in mice. Nature medicine. PMID: 27548576
- May 21, 2016
- 10:21 AM
- 337 views
Quick Aspirin Use Reduces Stroke Risk in TIA
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
A free full-text commentary in the Lancet summarizes recent evidence of the benefit of aspirin in stroke prevention.This commentary focused on what is called secondary prevention. Secondary prevention is defined as prevention following events related to the disease in question.So secondary prevention in stroke would be reduction in stroke risk in those who have had a stroke or pre-stroke syndromes such as transient ischemic attacks (TIA).The key take-home message from the commentary by Graeme Ha........ Read more »
Hankey, G. (2016) The benefits of aspirin in early secondary stroke prevention. The Lancet. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30511-6
- May 3, 2016
- 11:36 AM
- 171 views
Delirium and Aortic Valve Surgery Outcome
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Delirium is an acute confusional state that is common in elderly hospitalized patients.I think of it light a sign of acute brain failure requiring aggressive attentional for detection and treatment of any reversible underlying causes.Delirium in elderly hospitalized patients is a marker for poor outcome in a variety of medical and surgical subjects.A recent study published by a Norwegian team found effects on outcome for delirium following surgical aortic valve replacement. The key findings from........ Read more »
Eide LS, Ranhoff AH, Fridlund B, Haaverstad R, Hufthammer KO, Kuiper KK, Nordrehaug JE, Norekvål TM, & Delirium in Octogenarians Undergoing Cardiac Surgery or Intervention-CARDELIR Investigators. (2016) Delirium as a Predictor of Physical and Cognitive Function in Individuals Aged 80 and Older After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. PMID: 27106745
- January 24, 2016
- 02:45 PM
- 509 views
Treat the pain... or treat the depression? Carpal Tunnel Syndrome management
by Bronwyn Thompson in Healthskills: Skills for Healthy Living
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a very common pain disorder associated with compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel. Approximately 139 women and 67 males per 100,000 people will report this problem over the course of one year, although this depends on the definition used. The problem with CTS is not only that it is common, but also that it affects function - it is really difficult to carry out normal daily life with a numb or tingly hand, poor grip strength (particularly in the fingertips........ Read more »
Fernández-Muñoz, J., Palacios-Ceña, M., Cigarán-Méndez, M., Ortega-Santiago, R., de-la-Llave-Rincón, A., Salom-Moreno, J., & Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C. (2016) Pain is Associated to Clinical, Psychological, Physical, and Neurophysiological Variables in Women With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 32(2), 122-129. DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000241
- January 20, 2016
- 05:44 PM
- 367 views
Parkinson’s Disease: No Benefit from Physical Therapy in Mild to Moderate Disease
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
More Interviews on Neurological Disorders on MedicalResearch.com MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Professor Carl E Clarke Professor of Clinical Neurology and Honorary Consultant Neurologist Department of Neurology City Hospital Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust Birmingham UK Medical Research: What is the background … Continue reading →
The post Parkinson’s Disease: No Benefit from Physical Therapy in Mild to Moderate Disease appeared first on MedicalResear........ Read more »
Professor Carl E Clarke. (2016) Parkinson's Disease: No Benefit from Physical Therapy in Mild to Moderate Disease. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- November 18, 2015
- 01:00 PM
- 674 views
Predictors of Poor Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often unpredictable and variable.Two individuals with similar types of TBI can have quite different outcomes ranging from total disability to functional employment.Torun Finnanger and colleagues from Norway and Australia recently reported on a study that examined a number of predictor variables on self-reported outcome following TBI.In this study, 67 adolescents and adults with moderate to severe TBI completed baseline assessments and were fo........ Read more »
Finnanger TG, Olsen A, Skandsen T, Lydersen S, Vik A, Evensen KA, Catroppa C, Håberg AK, Andersson S, & Indredavik MS. (2015) Life after Adolescent and Adult Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Self-Reported Executive, Emotional, and Behavioural Function 2-5 Years after Injury. Behavioural neurology, 329241. PMID: 26549936
- October 30, 2015
- 11:06 AM
- 749 views
Wii Fit Games for Children with Coordination Problems
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Among the types of development problems of childhood is developmental coordination disorder or DCD.In DCD, children show delay and subnormal performance in coordinated motor skills.This may be noted as a general tendency of clumsiness with difficulties in activities such as catching a ball, using scissors, handwriting or riding a bike.Computer games such as the Nintendo Wii platform provide a method to improve a variety of motor and coordination skills in a fun environment.A South African team r........ Read more »
Smits-Engelsman BC, Jelsma LD, Ferguson GD, & Geuze RH. (2015) Motor Learning: An Analysis of 100 Trials of a Ski Slalom Game in Children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder. PloS one, 10(10). PMID: 26466324
- October 12, 2015
- 11:29 AM
- 609 views
Neuroplasticity and Training the Older Brain
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Neuroplasticity is the brain and nervous systems ability to evolve and to repair deficits.At a basic level it represents the ability to learn and develop a structural and functional system to interact with the environment.The brain's neuroplasticity is maximized during childhood and adolescence. This adaptability wanes with age. However, some neuroplasticity ability persists in the older brain.This persistence was highlighted in a study from Hong Kong recently published in the journal Neural Pla........ Read more »
Leung NT, Tam HM, Chu LW, Kwok TC, Chan F, Lam LC, Woo J, & Lee TM. (2015) Neural Plastic Effects of Cognitive Training on Aging Brain. Neural plasticity, 535618. PMID: 26417460
- September 29, 2015
- 11:04 AM
- 480 views
Cognitive Enhancers in Neuroscience Medicine
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Neuropsychiatric disorders cause impairment via multiple pathways. One pathway to impairment is cognitive impairment via attention problems, cognitive slowing and memory disruption.Barbara Sahakian and colleagues recently published an interesting manuscript examining the issue of cognitive enhancement.Their review begins by summarizing some of the research related to cognitive enhancement in four neuropsychiatric syndromes. I will summarize their main points by specific disorder.Alzheimer's Dise........ Read more »
Sahakian BJ, Bruhl AB, Cook J, Killikelly C, Savulich G, Piercy T, Hafizi S, Perez J, Fernandez-Egea E, Suckling J.... (2015) The impact of neuroscience on society: cognitive enhancement in neuropsychiatric disorders and in healthy people. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 370(1677). PMID: 26240429
- June 30, 2015
- 02:59 PM
- 332 views
Both Young and Old Lose Muscle Strength After Short Term Inactivity
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Andreas Vigelsø PhD, research assistant University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health Sciences Center for Healthy Aging Dept. of Biomedical Sciences Copenhagen Denmark Medical Research: What is the background for this study? Response: According to the UN, the … Continue reading →
The post Both Young and Old Lose Muscle Strength After Short Term Inactivity appeared first on MedicalResearch.com Medical Research Interviews and News.
... Read more »
Andreas Vigelsø PhD, research assistant, & University of Copenhagen. (2015) Both Young and Old Lose Muscle Strength After Short Term Inactivity. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- March 15, 2015
- 03:11 PM
- 421 views
Tai Chi Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Improved Functional Capacity After Heart Attack
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Medical Research Interviews and News
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Ricardo Stein, MD, ScD Exercise Cardiology Research Group, Cardiology Division Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil MedicalResearch: What is the background for this study? Dr. Stein: … Continue reading →
The post Tai Chi Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Improved Functional Capacity After Heart Attack appeared first on MedicalResea........ Read more »
MedicalResearch.com Interview with:, & Ricardo Stein, MD, ScD. (2015) Tai Chi Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Improved Functional Capacity After Heart Attack. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- February 2, 2015
- 11:39 AM
- 690 views
Exercise in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Growing evidence links physical activity to improved cognitive outcome in elderly individuals.Few studies have examined effects of exercise on those at highest risk for Alzheimer's disease.J Carson Smith and colleagues recently published a prospective study of a cohort of older adults using structural magnetic resonance imaging.The key elements of the design of their study included the following elements:Participants: 97 adults between the ages of 65 and 89Physical activity level: Frequency and ........ Read more »
Smith JC, Nielson KA, Woodard JL, Seidenberg M, Durgerian S, Hazlett KE, Figueroa CM, Kandah CC, Kay CD, Matthews MA.... (2014) Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 61. PMID: 24795624
- December 22, 2014
- 12:35 PM
- 847 views
Mind-Controlled Prosthetics
by Viputheshwar Sitaraman in Draw Science
Researchers at JHU have demonstrated a prosthetic arm that is controlled completely by the user's thoughts. [Infographic]... Read more »
Collinger, J., Wodlinger, B., Downey, J., Wang, W., Tyler-Kabara, E., Weber, D., McMorland, A., Velliste, M., Boninger, M., & Schwartz, A. (2013) High-performance neuroprosthetic control by an individual with tetraplegia. The Lancet, 381(9866), 557-564. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61816-9
- December 13, 2014
- 11:56 AM
- 952 views
Animal Research Sheds Light on Harmful Mood Disorders in New Mothers
by Wiley Asia Blog in Wiley Asia Blog - Social Science
In the days shortly after giving birth, most mothers experience a period of increased calmness and decreased stress responses, but around 20% of mothers experience anxiety. Some women may become depressed, and around one in a thousand can develop psychosis. The latest evidence indicates that these distressing responses to motherhood are still poorly understood, but that animal research could provide valuable clues to their causes.
Writing in the British Journal of Pharmacology, Dr David Slatt........ Read more »
Perani, C., & Slattery, D. (2014) Using animal models to study post-partum psychiatric disorders. British Journal of Pharmacology, 171(20), 4539-4555. DOI: 10.1111/bph.12640
- October 30, 2014
- 11:20 AM
- 836 views
Alcoholism as a Reward System Dysfunction
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Alcoholism and other addictive behaviors often occur together within individual patients.For example, individuals with alcoholism commonly also are smokers and meet criteria for a diagnosis of nicotine dependence.This co-occurrence suggests multiple types of addiction may share genetic and environmental risk factors. Additionally, there might be a common neurobiological mechanism in play for many addictions.Kenneth Blum and other leading alcoholism researchers recently published a review that pr........ Read more »
Blum K, Febo M, McLaughlin T, Cronjé FJ, Han D, & Gold SM. (2014) Hatching the behavioral addiction egg: Reward Deficiency Solution System (RDSS)™ as a function of dopaminergic neurogenetics and brain functional connectivity linking all addictions under a common rubric. Journal of behavioral addictions, 3(3), 149-56. PMID: 25317338
- October 23, 2014
- 10:20 AM
- 729 views
Smartphone App Boosts Alcoholism Treatment Outcome
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Smartphone apps and other mobile technology are emerging as promising tools in medical treatment.A recent randomized study published in JAMA Psychiatry found evidence that a smartphone app improves alcoholism treatment outcomes.David Gustafson and colleagues conducted a study funded by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.A series of 349 adults with DSM-IV alcohol dependence were enrolled as they entered a alcoholism residential treatment program.Approximately half of the subje........ Read more »
Gustafson DH, McTavish FM, Chih MY, Atwood AK, Johnson RA, Boyle MG, Levy MS, Driscoll H, Chisholm SM, Dillenburg L.... (2014) A smartphone application to support recovery from alcoholism: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA psychiatry, 71(5), 566-72. PMID: 24671165
- October 21, 2014
- 11:25 AM
- 632 views
Sleep Problems in Alcoholism Treatment
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post, I summarized a research study six month outcome of insomnia in a group of subjects treated for alcoholism.This study found a high persistence of insomnia despite reduction, and in many cases abstinence, from alcohol.A second study recently published by investigators at the National Institute of Health provides some additional insight into this topic.Gwenyth Wallen and colleagues studied a series of 164 participants admitted to a 4-6 week inpatient program for alcohol dependen........ Read more »
Wallen GR, Brooks AT, Whiting B, Clark R, Krumlauf MC, Yang L, Schwandt ML, George DT, & Ramchandani VA. (2014) The prevalence of sleep disturbance in alcoholics admitted for treatment: a target for chronic disease management. Family , 37(4), 288-97. PMID: 25167069
- October 20, 2014
- 10:56 AM
- 698 views
Persistent Insomnia and Alcoholism
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Sleep problems complicate the treatment and recovery in alcoholism. Heavy alcohol consumption modifies the nature of sleep architecture.A high blood alcohol concentration at bedtime may promote sleep early in the sleep cycle.However, as alcohol levels decline, sleep is often interrupted with limiting rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration.Shortened total sleep time with alcohol can produce a lack of feeling well rested on awakening.For those with alcoholism or alcohol dependence, successfu........ Read more »
Brower KJ, Krentzman A, & Robinson EA. (2011) Persistent insomnia, abstinence, and moderate drinking in alcohol-dependent individuals. The American journal on addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions, 20(5), 435-40. PMID: 21838842
- October 13, 2014
- 07:01 PM
- 710 views
What do clinicians make of addiction recovery?
by DJMac in Recovery Review
Which teachers were the best when you were at school? Likely the ones who believed in you, connected with you, who had a vision for where you could go and who enthusiastically helped you get there. The same characteristics are likely to define the best clinicians too. In a study, published a few days ago, [...]
The post What do clinicians make of addiction recovery? appeared first on Recovery Review.
... Read more »
Pillay, I., Best, D., & Lubman, D. (2014) Exploring Clinician Attitudes to Addiction Recovery in Victoria, Australia. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 32(4), 375-392. DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2014.949126
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