All posts; Tags Include "Philosophy of Mind"
- February 28, 2016
- 12:29 PM
- 121 views
Against epiphenomenalism: summary and reply.
by Sergio Graziosi in Writing my own user manual - Sergio Graziosi's Blog
What follows is a direct reaction to the discussion I’ve had with Jochen below my first epiphenomenalism post. The discussion meandered into scary places, and Jochen ended up recommending me to keep it simple instead. I’m sure it is a…Read more ›... Read more »
Brian D. Earp. (2012) I can't get no (epistemic) satisfaction: Why the hard problem of consciousness entails a hard problem of explanation. Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences, 5(1). info:/
- January 30, 2016
- 10:00 PM
- 17 views
Go for it
by Paco Jariego in Mind the Post
Go was considered one of the “grand challenges” in AI research, and the last stronghold of human superiority on board games. Cracking Go is a feat previously thought to be at least a decade away, and it gives credence to the idea that true, general-purpose, strong artificial intelligence may be possible.... Read more »
Silver D, Huang A, Maddison CJ, Guez A, Sifre L, van den Driessche G, Schrittwieser J, Antonoglou I, Panneershelvam V, Lanctot M.... (2016) Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature, 529(7587), 484-9. PMID: 26819042
Searle, J. (2010) Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(03), 417. DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X00005756
- January 16, 2016
- 08:29 AM
- 194 views
Sources of Error: Epiphenomenalism (part 2)
by Sergio Graziosi in Writing my own user manual - Sergio Graziosi's Blog
Epiphenomena haunt me: the actual idea that we can explain any phenomena with the aid of the concept is thoroughly alien to me. In turn, this means that I don’t understand why people do rely on the concept, and consequently…Read more ›... Read more »
Bailey, A. (2006) Zombies, Epiphenomenalism, and Physicalist Theories of Consciousness. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 36(4), 481-509. DOI: 10.1353/cjp.2007.0000
Robinson, W. (2012) Phenomenal Realist Physicalism Implies Coherency of Epiphenomenalist Meaning. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 19(3-4), 145-163. info:/
- January 10, 2016
- 02:09 PM
- 227 views
Sources of Error: Epiphenomenalism (part 1)
by Sergio Graziosi in Writing my own user manual - Sergio Graziosi's Blog
Epiphenomenalism is one idea I’ve struggled with for a long time: to my eyes, it doesn’t make any sense. But more importantly, when applied to philosophy of mind, it seems to me that epiphenomenalism does a great deal of damage.…Read more ›... Read more »
Swinburne, Richard. (2011) Could anyone justifiably believe epiphenomenalism?. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 18(3-4), 196-216. info:/
- March 5, 2015
- 10:11 AM
- 753 views
Does Thinking About God Increase Our Willingness to Make Risky Decisions?
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
Daniella Kupor and her colleagues at Stanford University have recently published the paper "Anticipating Divine Protection? Reminders of God Can Increase Nonmoral Risk Taking" which takes a new look at the link between invoking the name of God and risky behaviors. The researchers hypothesized that reminders of God may have opposite effects on varying types of risk-taking behavior. For example, risk-taking behavior that is deemed ‘immoral' such as taking sexual risks or chea........ Read more »
Kupor DM, Laurin K, & Levav J. (2015) Anticipating Divine Protection? Reminders of God Can Increase Nonmoral Risk Taking. Psychological Science. PMID: 25717040
- February 10, 2015
- 09:02 AM
- 861 views
Moral Time: Does Our Internal Clock Influence Moral Judgments?
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
Does morality depend on the time of the day? The study "The Morning Morality Effect: The Influence of Time of Day on Unethical Behavior" published in October of 2013 by Maryam Kouchaki and Isaac Smith suggested that people are more honest in the mornings, and that their ability to resist the temptation of lying and cheating wears off as the day progresses. In a series of experiments, Kouchaki and Smith found that moral awareness and self-control in their study subjects decreased in the........ Read more »
Gunia, B., Barnes, C., & Sah, S. (2014) The Morality of Larks and Owls: Unethical Behavior Depends on Chronotype as Well as Time of Day. Psychological Science, 25(12), 2272-2274. DOI: 10.1177/0956797614541989
- November 1, 2014
- 11:55 PM
- 698 views
From realism to interfaces and rationality in evolutionary games
by Artem Kaznatcheev in Evolutionary Games Group
As I was preparing some reading assignments, I realized that I don’t have a single resource available that covers the main ideas of the interface theory of perception, objective versus subjective rationality, and their relationship to evolutionary game theory. I wanted to correct this oversight and use it as opportunity to comment on the philosophy […]... Read more »
Kaznatcheev, A., Montrey, M., & Shultz, T.R. (2014) Evolving useful delusions: Subjectively rational selfishness leads to objectively irrational cooperation. Proceedings of the 36th annual conference of the cognitive science societ. arXiv: 1405.0041v1
- October 5, 2014
- 11:45 PM
- 792 views
Models and metaphors we live by
by Artem Kaznatcheev in Evolutionary Games Group
George Lakoff and Mark Johnson’s Metaphors we live by is a classic, that has had a huge influence on parts of linguistics and cognitive science, and some influence — although less so, in my opinion — on philosophy. It is structured around the thought that “[m]etaphor is one of our most important tools for trying […]... Read more »
Narayanan, S. (1997) Embodiment in language understanding: Sensory-motor representations for metaphoric reasoning about event descriptions. PhD Thesis (University of California, Berkeley). info:/
- September 11, 2014
- 11:00 PM
- 726 views
Transcendental idealism and Post’s variant of the Church-Turing thesis
by Artem Kaznatcheev in Evolutionary Games Group
One of the exciting things in reading philosophy, its history in particular, is experiencing the tension between different schools of thought. This excitement turns to beauty if a clear synthesis emerges to reconcile the conflicting ideas. In the middle to late 18th century, as the Age of Enlightenment was giving way to the Romantic era, […]... Read more »
Post, E.L. (1936) Finite combinatory processes -- formulation 1. Journal of Symbolic Logic, 1(3), 103-105. info:/
- June 16, 2014
- 09:48 PM
- 840 views
There Was No Couch: On Mental Illness and Creativity
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
A study of the prevalence of mental illness published in the Archives of General Psychiatry in 2005 estimated that roughly half of all Americans will have been diagnosed with a mental illness by time they reach the age of 75. This estimate was based on the DSM-IV criteria for mental illness, but the newer DSM-V manual will be released in 2013 and is likely to further expand the diagnosis of mental illness. The DSM-IV criteria had made allowance for bereavement to avoid diagnosing people who were........ Read more »
Kyaga, S., Landén, M., Boman, M., Hultman, C., Långström, N., & Lichtenstein, P. (2013) Mental illness, suicide and creativity: 40-Year prospective total population study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(1), 83-90. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.09.010
- May 4, 2014
- 11:45 PM
- 980 views
Useful delusions, interface theory of perception, and religion
by Artem Kaznatcheev in Evolutionary Games Group
As you can guess from the name, evolutionary game theory (EGT) traces its roots to economics and evolutionary biology. Both of the progenitor fields assume it impossible, or unreasonably difficult, to observe the internal representations, beliefs, and preferences of the agents they model, and thus adopt a largely behaviorist view. My colleagues and I, however, […]... Read more »
Kaznatcheev, A., Montrey, M., & Shultz, T.R. (2014) Evolving useful delusions: Subjectively rational selfishness leads to objectively irrational cooperation. Proceedings of the 36th annual conference of the cognitive science society. arXiv: 1405.0041v1
- January 19, 2014
- 11:45 PM
- 1,419 views
Kooky history of the quantum mind: reviving realism
by Artem Kaznatcheev in Evolutionary Games Group
One of my hobbies in undergrad was to spend time reading and editing Wikipedia. Towards the end of my studies, I started to specialize in going through Wikipedia’s fat-tail, removing articles to non-notable individuals, and trying to counter pseudoscientists, kooks, and cranks. Trying to understand why people subscribe to pseudoscience; how to demarcate real and […]... Read more »
Howard, D. (1994) What Makes a Classical Concept Classical? Toward a Reconstruction of Niels Bohr’s Philosophy of Physics. Niels Bohr and Contemporary Philosophy., 201-229. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-015-8106-6_9
- July 29, 2013
- 04:31 PM
- 1,279 views
How blind people see
by Richard Kunert in Brain's Idea
Blind people have revolutionised our view on vision. Biology text books still teach us that vision functions roughly as light hitting the eyes where special cells - rods and cones - turn it into neural signals. These travel to the back of the head, the visual cortex, for brain processing leading to something we experience […]... Read more »
Czeisler CA, Shanahan TL, Klerman EB, Martens H, Brotman DJ, Emens JS, Klein T, & Rizzo JF 3rd. (1995) Suppression of melatonin secretion in some blind patients by exposure to bright light. The New England journal of medicine, 332(1), 6-11. PMID: 7990870
Trevethan CT, Sahraie A, & Weiskrantz L. (2007) Can blindsight be superior to 'sighted-sight'?. Cognition, 103(3), 491-501. PMID: 16764848
Vandewalle G, Collignon O, Hull JT, Daneault V, Albouy G, Lepore F, Phillips C, Doyon J, Czeisler CA, Dumont M.... (2013) Blue Light Stimulates Cognitive Brain Activity in Visually Blind Individuals. Journal of cognitive neuroscience. PMID: 23859643
Weiskrantz L, Warrington EK, Sanders MD, & Marshall J. (1974) Visual capacity in the hemianopic field following a restricted occipital ablation. Brain : a journal of neurology, 97(4), 709-28. PMID: 4434190
- November 27, 2012
- 11:40 AM
- 684 views
The Sources of Violence and Conflict Within Us
by Jason Carr in Wired Cosmos
By and large, humanity has forgotten the relationship between thoughts and reality. The world that we experience is the reflection of what we carry inside us. Mystics, sages and shamans throughout the ages have tried to remind us of this fact. Western culture has largely turned its back upon such notions, however. Since the Industrial [...]... Read more »
Pearson DG, Ross FD, & Webster VL. (2012) The importance of context: evidence that contextual representations increase intrusive memories. Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 43(1), 573-80. PMID: 21867664
Grof, S. (1996) Consciousness evolution and planetary survival: Psychological roots of Human violence and greed. World Futures, 47(4), 243-262. DOI: 10.1080/02604027.1996.9972599
- September 3, 2012
- 08:14 PM
- 1,176 views
The Optimism Bias in Science
by TheCellularScale in The Cellular Scale
"I have always believed that scientific research is another domain where a form of optimism is essential to success: I have yet to meet a successful scientist who lacks the ability to exaggerate the importance of what he or she is doing, and I believe that someone who lacks a delusional sense of significance will wilt in the face of repeated experiences of multiple small failures and rare successes, the fate of most researchers" -Daniel KahnemanThe Brain: Irrational,........ Read more »
Sharot T. (2011) The optimism bias. Current biology : CB, 21(23). PMID: 22153158
- July 22, 2012
- 08:48 PM
- 1,971 views
Do small men think like big women?
by TheCellularScale in The Cellular Scale
Endless research has been conducted on the neurological differences between women and men. However, a study out of the University of Florida explains that almost all of the anatomical differences previously reported can be accounted for simply by adjusting for total brain size.(Lady Gaga is an excellent source of exaggerated imagery)Leonard et al., (2008) recruited 100 men and 100 women and imaged their brains. They showed that men generally have larger brains that women (not surprisin........ Read more »
DeLacoste-Utamsing C, & Holloway RL. (1982) Sexual dimorphism in the human corpus callosum. Science (New York, N.Y.), 216(4553), 1431-2. PMID: 7089533
Leonard CM, Towler S, Welcome S, Halderman LK, Otto R, Eckert MA, & Chiarello C. (2008) Size matters: cerebral volume influences sex differences in neuroanatomy. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 18(12), 2920-31. PMID: 18440950
- June 14, 2012
- 12:21 PM
- 892 views
Assumed Guilty Until Proven Innocent
by Jesse Marczyk in Pop Psychology
Motley Crue is a band that’s famous for a lot of reasons, their music least of all. Given their reputation, it was a little strange to see them doing what celebrities do best: selling out by endorsing Kia. At least … Continue reading →... Read more »
Inbar, Y., Pizarro, D., & Cushman, F. (2012) Benefiting From Misfortune: When Harmless Actions Are Judged to Be Morally Blameworthy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(1), 52-62. DOI: 10.1177/0146167211430232
- April 11, 2012
- 02:01 PM
- 1,359 views
The Social Punishment of Samantha Brick
by Miss Behavior in The Scorpion and the Frog
An interesting thing happened this week in the world of collective human behavior. But before we go into that, let me ask you two questions: Have you heard of Samantha Brick? On a scale of 1 to 10, how attractive do you think she is? Samantha Brick, a journalist, wrote an article for the Daily Mail called “'There are downsides to looking this pretty': Why women hate me for being beautiful”. Naturally, the response to hearing a story like this is, “Well, what does she look like?” Luckily ........ Read more »
Tibbetts, E., & Izzo, A. (2010) Social Punishment of Dishonest Signalers Caused by Mismatch between Signal and Behavior. Current Biology, 20(18), 1637-1640. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.07.042
- April 4, 2012
- 10:28 AM
- 1,920 views
Animal Mass Suicide and the Lemming Conspiracy
by Miss Behavior in The Scorpion and the Frog
Ticked off Norway lemming doesn't like gossip!Photo from Wikimedia Commons by Frode Inge Helland We all know the story: Every few years, millions of lemmings, driven by a deep-seated urge, run and leap off a cliff only to be dashed on the rocks below and eventually drowned in the raging sea. Stupid lemmings. It’s a story with staying power: short, not-so-sweet, and to the rocky point. But it is a LIE. And who, you may ask, would tell us such a horrendous fabrication? Walt Disney! Well, ........ Read more »
Ramsden E, & Wilson D. (2010) The nature of suicide: science and the self-destructive animal. Endeavour, 34(1), 21-4. PMID: 20144484
- March 23, 2012
- 04:56 AM
- 1,520 views
The Bizarreness Effect and Spotting E.T.
by Jason Carr in Wired Cosmos
Recently I’ve been researching historical accounts of UFO sightings/alien abductions (this topic never ceases to fascinate me) and exploring possible scientific explanations for their occurrences when I stumbled across a theory known as the bizarreness effect. I thought I would share a little of what I’ve learned of this theory and would love to hear [...]... Read more »
Clark, S., & Loftus, E. (1996) The Construction of Space Alien Abduction Memories. Psychological Inquiry, 7(2), 140-143. DOI: 10.1207/s15327965pli0702_5
Kelley-Romano, S. (2006) Mythmaking in Alien Abduction Narratives. Communication Quarterly, 54(3), 383-406. DOI: 10.1080/01463370600878545
McDaniel MA, Einstein GO, DeLosh EL, May CP, & Brady P. (1995) The bizarreness effect: it's not surprising, it's complex. Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition, 21(2), 422-435. PMID: 7738508
Macklin, C., & McDaniel, M. (2005) The bizarreness effect: Dissociation between item and source memory. Memory, 13(7), 682-689. DOI: 10.1080/09658210444000304
Worthen, J., & Wood, V. (2001) A Disruptive Effect of Bizarreness on Memory for Relational and Contextual Details of Self-Performed and Other-Performed Acts. The American Journal of Psychology, 114(4), 535. DOI: 10.2307/1423609
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