by Sandra Bosshard in genome ecology evolution etc
Gibbons (Hylobatidae) are small arboreal apes that form a key node in primate evolution. One of the most distinctive phenotype is their high genome plasticity involving large-scale chromosomal rearrangements and karyotype changes. The four gibbon genera (Nomascus, Hylobates, Hoolock, Symphalangus) … Continue reading →... Read more »
Carbone, L., Alan Harris, R., Gnerre, S., Veeramah, K., Lorente-Galdos, B., Huddleston, J., Meyer, T., Herrero, J., Roos, C., Aken, B.... (2014) Gibbon genome and the fast karyotype evolution of small apes. Nature, 513(7517), 195-201. DOI: 10.1038/nature13679
by beredim in Strange Animals
Male Osedax priapus
The entire body of males has evolved as a tool for mating
Osedax is a genus of weird, deep-sea polychaetes worms, commonly known as boneworms, zombie worms, or bone-eating worms.
The story of these creatures began twelve years ago, when researchers from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) first discovered them, using the submarine ROV Tiburon in ... Read more »
Rouse, G., Wilson, N., Worsaae, K., & Vrijenhoek, R. (2014) A Dwarf Male Reversal in Bone-Eating Worms. Current Biology. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.11.032
Rouse GW, Worsaae K, Johnson SB, Jones WJ, & Vrijenhoek RC. (2008) Acquisition of dwarf male "harems" by recently settled females of Osedax roseus n. sp. (Siboglinidae; Annelida). The Biological bulletin, 214(1), 67-82. PMID: 18258777
Vrijenhoek RC, Johnson SB, & Rouse GW. (2008) Bone-eating Osedax females and their 'harems' of dwarf males are recruited from a common larval pool. Molecular ecology, 17(20), 4535-44. PMID: 18986498
by beredim in Strange Animals
Pacific barreleye fish
By Isa2014 (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-4.0],
via Wikimedia Commons
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Argentiniformes
Family: Opisthoproctidae
Genus: Macropinna
Species: Macropinna microstoma
Common Name(s): Pacific barreleye
The Pacific barreleye fish is one the weirdest creatures lurking deep in the ocean. Named after its eyes that are ... Read more »
Robison, B., & Reisenbichler, K. (2008) Macropinna microstoma and the Paradox of Its Tubular Eyes. Copeia, 2008(4), 780-784. DOI: 10.1643/CG-07-082
by beredim in Strange Animals
The duck-billed platypis is one of the handful
mammals with the ability to sense electrical fields
By TwoWings, via Wikimedia Commons
Electroreception is the biological ability to perceive natural electrical stimuli or in simpler words, the ability to perceive the world via electricity.
Electroreception is quite common in aquatic or amphibious animals, since water is a much better conductor... Read more »
Scheich, H., Langner, G., Tidemann, C., Coles, R., & Guppy, A. (1986) Electroreception and electrolocation in platypus. Nature, 319(6052), 401-402. DOI: 10.1038/319401a0
Pettigrew JD. (1999) Electroreception in monotremes. The Journal of experimental biology, 202(Pt 10), 1447-54. PMID: 10210685
Czech-Damal NU, Liebschner A, Miersch L, Klauer G, Hanke FD, Marshall C, Dehnhardt G, & Hanke W. (2012) Electroreception in the Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis). Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society, 279(1729), 663-8. PMID: 21795271
by beredim in Strange Animals
Spectacled flying fox (Pteropus conspicillatus)A non-echolocating speciesCredit: MnolfContrary to what most people think, bats are not blind. The truth is that all one-thousand something bat species can see. Most people also think that since bats are blind they rely on their echolocation to get around. Again a mistake, since many bats don't possess echolocation.For example, most species of Megabats [Suborder: Megachiroptera] have to rely exclusively on their vision. Or that's what we thought up ........ Read more »
Boonman, A., Bumrungsri, S., & Yovel, Y. (2014) Nonecholocating Fruit Bats Produce Biosonar Clicks with Their Wings. Current Biology. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.077
by GrrlScientist in Maniraptora
SUMMARY: A newly-published study by a team of Australian scientists reveals that inflated pufferfish do not hold their breath, that they continue to obtain oxygen across their gills as usual. ... Read more »
McGee Georgia Evelyn, & Clark Timothy Darren. (2014) All puffed out: do pufferfish hold their breath while inflated?. Biology Latters, 10(12). DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0823
by Olesya Pavlova in genome ecology evolution etc
The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a carnivorous species which is closely related to the brown bear (Ursus arctos) and is adapted to the severe living conditions of the High Arctic due to the great physiological changes happened during evolutionary … Continue reading →... Read more »
Liu, S., Lorenzen, E., Fumagalli, M., Li, B., Harris, K., Xiong, Z., Zhou, L., Korneliussen, T., Somel, M., Babbitt, C.... (2014) Population Genomics Reveal Recent Speciation and Rapid Evolutionary Adaptation in Polar Bears. Cell, 157(4), 785-794. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.054
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
The turkey is an amazing bird, beyond it’s taste on Thanksgiving. It has some really funky structures on its head, like the caruncles, wattle and snood, but research shows that they are important in mate selection. The question is why they have been retained even though they are artificially bred nowadays. Maybe they are for more than just mate selection. And yes....turkeys can fly.... Read more »
Baratti, M., Ammannati, M., Magnelli, C., Massolo, A., & Dessì-Fulgheri, F. (2010) Are large wattles related to particular MHC genotypes in the male pheasant?. Genetica, 138(6), 657-665. DOI: 10.1007/s10709-010-9440-5
Thornton, E., Emery, K., Steadman, D., Speller, C., Matheny, R., & Yang, D. (2012) Earliest Mexican Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in the Maya Region: Implications for Pre-Hispanic Animal Trade and the Timing of Turkey Domestication. PLoS ONE, 7(8). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042630
by beredim in Strange Animals
Jewel WaspBy Muhammad Mahdi Karim (Own work) [GFDL 1.2], via Wikimedia CommonsKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: InsectaOrder: HymenopteraSuborder: ApocritaSuperfamily: ApoideaFamily: AmpulicidaeGenus: AmpulexSpecies: Ampulex compressaCommon Name(s): Emerald cockroach wasp or jewel waspThe Emerald cockroach wasp is best known for its unusual parasitoid reproductive behavior, which among other includes stinging and injecting a cockroach with mind controlling toxins and using its ........ Read more »
Haspel, G., Rosenberg, L., & Libersat, F. (2003) Direct injection of venom by a predatory wasp into cockroach brain. Journal of Neurobiology, 56(3), 287-292. DOI: 10.1002/neu.10238
Moore EL, Haspel G, Libersat F, & Adams ME. (2006) Parasitoid wasp sting: a cocktail of GABA, taurine, and beta-alanine opens chloride channels for central synaptic block and transient paralysis of a cockroach host. Journal of neurobiology, 66(8), 811-20. PMID: 16673394
Gal, R., & Libersat, F. (2010) A Wasp Manipulates Neuronal Activity in the Sub-Esophageal Ganglion to Decrease the Drive for Walking in Its Cockroach Prey. PLoS ONE, 5(4). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010019
Banks, C., & Adams, M. (2012) Biogenic amines in the nervous system of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana following envenomation by the jewel wasp, Ampulex compressa. Toxicon, 59(2), 320-328. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.10.011
by beredim in Strange Animals
Bipalium kewenseNotice the distinctive hammer-like headBy Ajaykuyiloor (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia CommonsKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: PlatyhelminthesClass: TurbellariaOrder: TricladidaSuborder: ContinenticolaFamily: GeoplanidaeSubfamily: BipaliinaeGenus: BipaliumSpecies: Bipalium kewenseCommon Names: Hammerhead slug, Greenhouse PlanarianNicknamed as the "hammerhead slug" due to its half-moon shaped head, Bipalium kewense is not your ev........ Read more »
L. Winsor. (1981) The taxonomy, zoogeography and biology of Bipalium kewense Moseley, 1878 (Tricladida, Terricola). Hydrobiologia, 84(1), 17-17. DOI: 10.1007/BF00026158
Yasuko Shirasawa . (1991) Pharyngeal regeneration in the land planarian Bipalium kewense. Hydrobiologia, 227(1), 57-57. DOI: 10.1007/BF00027581
Daly JJ, Farris HE Jr, & Matthews HM. (1976) Pseudoparasitism of dogs and cats by the land planarian, Bipalium kewense. Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC, 71(11), 1540-2. PMID: 1049475
Stokes, A., Ducey, P., Neuman-Lee, L., Hanifin, C., French, S., Pfrender, M., Brodie, E., & Brodie Jr, E. (2014) Confirmation and Distribution of Tetrodotoxin for the First Time in Terrestrial Invertebrates: Two Terrestrial Flatworm Species (Bipalium adventitium and Bipalium kewense). PLoS ONE, 9(6). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100718
by beredim in Strange Animals
Someone's having a really bad day!In a study published a few days ago, researchers from the Mammal Research Institute at the University of Pretoria, South Africa reported three incidents of fur seals (Aptenodytes patagonicus) sexually harassing and coercing with king penguins!The authors even took footage of the large mammals forcefully putting the birds to the ground and attempting to mate with them! The incidents took place at the sub-Antarctic Marion Island, on Goodhope Bay and Funk beach.The........ Read more »
de Bruyn, P., Tosh, C., & Bester, M. (2008) Sexual harassment of a king penguin by an Antarctic fur seal. Journal of Ethology, 26(2), 295-297. DOI: 10.1007/s10164-007-0073-9
Haddad, W., Reisinger, R., Scott, T., Bester, M., & de Bruyn, P. (2014) Multiple occurrences of king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) sexual harassment by Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella). Polar Biology. DOI: 10.1007/s00300-014-1618-3
by beredim in Strange Animals
Kiwa PuravidaCredit: Andrew ThurberKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaSubphylum: CrustaceaClass: MalacostracaOrder: DecapodaInfraorder: AnomuraFamily: KiwaidaeGenus: KiwaSpecies: Kiwa puravidaConservation Status: Not assessedCommon Name: Yeti crabMeet Kiwa puravida, a recently discovered deep-sea dwelling decapod and one of three species informally known as "yeti crabs". The other two are kiwa hirsuta and a creature commonly known as the "Hoff cr........ Read more »
Thurber, A., Jones, W., & Schnabel, K. (2011) Dancing for Food in the Deep Sea: Bacterial Farming by a New Species of Yeti Crab. PLoS ONE, 6(11). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026243
Roterman CN, Copley JT, Linse KT, Tyler PA, & Rogers AD. (2013) The biogeography of the yeti crabs (Kiwaidae) with notes on the phylogeny of the Chirostyloidea (Decapoda: Anomura). Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society, 280(1764), 20130718. PMID: 23782878
by beredim in Strange Animals
Jorunna funebrisPhoto by © Mark Rosenstein [CC BY-NC-SA 3.0]Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: MolluscaClass: GastropodaSuperfamily: DoridoideaFamily: DiscodorididaeGenus: JorunnaSpecies: Jorunna funebrisCommon Name: Dotted nudibranch, Polka DotWhen I was writing my "14 Most Amazing Nudibranchs" post I had a really hard time choosing which species to include and which not.This animal group is very diverse and full of beautiful, alien-like or simply weir........ Read more »
Pattira Kasamesiri, Shettapong Meksumpun, and Charumas Meksumpun. (2012) Observations on Embryonic Development of Black-Spot Jorunna, Jorunna Funebris (Kelaart, 1859) (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) . Journal of Shellfish Research, 33(2), 111-117. info:/http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.031.0114
Camacho-Garcia, Y., & Gosliner, T. (2008) Systematic revision of Jorunna Bergh, 1876 (Nudibranchia: Discodorididae) with a morphological phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 74(2), 143-181. DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyn002
by beredim in Strange Animals
Cyborg CockroachCredit: Eric Whitmire.Researchers at the North Carolina State University (NCSU) issued a press release today announcing that they have developed "cyborg" cockroaches with electronic circuit boards strapped to their backs. The cyborg cockroaches (or biobots) can be used to pick up sounds with their attached microphones and seek out their source.Hopefully, the technology will one day help emergency personnel to find and rescue survivors in the aftermath of disasters, like earthquak........ Read more »
Tahmid Latif, Eric Whitmire, Tristan Novak, and Alper Bozkurt. (2014) Towards Fenceless Boundaries for Solar Powered Insect Biobots. Aug. 28 at 36th Annual International IEEE EMBS Conference, Chicago, Illinois . info:/
by beredim in Strange Animals
Silky AnteaterCredit: Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad Costa Rica (INBio) (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaSuperorder: XenarthraOrder: PilosaSuborder: VermilinguaFamily: CyclopedidaeGenus: CyclopesSpecies: Cyclopes didactylusConservation Status: Least Concern (Not Threatened)Common Name(s): Silky anteater, Pygmy anteater, Dwarf anteater, Two-toed anteaterThis cute, squirrel-sized critter is a silky anteater, the world’s smallest ante........ Read more »
Miranda, F., Veloso, R., Superina, M., & Zara, F. (2009) Food habits of wild silky anteaters (Cyclopes didactylus) of São Luis do Maranhão, Brazil. Edentata, 1-5. DOI: 10.1896/020.010.0109
Nagya, K., & Montgomery, G. (2012) Field Metabolic Rate, Water Flux and Food Consumption by Free-Living Silky Anteaters (Cyclopes didactylus) in Panama. Edentata, 13(1), 61-65. DOI: 10.5537/020.013.0106
Bhagratty, H., Taylor, K., Lawrence, A., Devenish-Nelson, E., & Nelson, H. (2013) Population density of silky anteaters (Cyclopes didactylus Xenarthra: Cyclopedidae) in a protected mangrove swamp on the island of Trinidad. mammalia, 77(4). DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2012-0122
Meritt, D.A. (2006) Cyclopes didactylus in Captivity. Edentata, 7(1), 60. DOI: 10.1896/1413-4411.7.1.60a
Jorge W. (2000) Mitotic and meiotic chromosome studies in silky anteater Cyclopes didactylus (Myrmecophagidae: Xenarthra). Cytobios, 101(397), 95-100. PMID: 10756982
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
Animal-like protists are similar to animal cells, but they do many things in their single cell that we have a hard time competing with. New research shows that they may be useful in medicine, as well as lethal in some cases. N. fowleri is a brain eating amoeba, but calcium tests of foraminifera may be helpful in bone grafts and repairing skull fractures.... Read more »
Jack, R., Garrod, O., & Schyns, P. (2014) Dynamic Facial Expressions of Emotion Transmit an Evolving Hierarchy of Signals over Time. Current Biology, 24(2), 187-192. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.064
Dhawan S, Jain D, & Mehta VS. (2013) Balantidium coli: an unrecognized cause of vertebral osteomyelitis and myelopathy. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine, 18(3), 310-3. PMID: 23259539
Chou J, Hao J, Kuroda S, Ben-Nissan B, Milthopre B, & Otsuka M. (2014) Bone regeneration of calvarial defect using marine calcareous-derived beta-tricalcium phosphate macrospheres. Journal of tissue engineering, 2147483647. PMID: 24808939
Yuasa T, & Takahashi O. (2014) Ultrastructural morphology of the reproductive swarmers of Sphaerozoum punctatum (Huxley) from the East China Sea. European journal of protistology, 50(2), 194-204. PMID: 24447698
Sifuentes LY, Choate BL, Gerba CP, & Bright KR. (2014) The occurrence of Naegleria fowleri in recreational waters in Arizona. Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances , 49(11), 1322-30. PMID: 24967566
Mah JL, Christensen-Dalsgaard KK, & Leys SP. (2014) Choanoflagellate and choanocyte collar-flagellar systems and the assumption of homology. Evolution , 16(1), 25-37. PMID: 24393465
by beredim in Strange Animals
Musk deers use their distinctive fungs tusks during the rutting season to compete with other males.Photo shows a Siberian musk deer, a similar and closelyrelated species.Credit: Julie Larsen Maher © WCSIt's been more than 60 years after the last confirmed sighting of the Kashmir musk deer in Afganistan, a strange deer with vampire-like fangs native to Afghanistan, Republic of India, and Pakistan.Now, a new study appearing in the latest edition of the journal Oryx reveals that the Kas........ Read more »
Ostrowski, S., Rahmani, H., Ali, J., Ali, R., & Zahler, P. (2014) Musk deer Moschus cupreus persist in the eastern forests of Afghanistan. Oryx, 1-6. DOI: 10.1017/S0030605314000611
by beredim in Strange Animals
Adult and juvenile AardvarksCredit: By Scotto Bear from North Beach, MD, USA (aardvarks) [CC-BY-SA-2.], via Wikimedia CommonsKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaSuperorder: AfrotheriaOrder: TubulidentataFamily: OrycteropodidaeGenus: OrycteropusSpecies: Orycteropus aferConservation Status: Least Concern (Not Threatened)Common Name(s): Aardvark, African antbear, Cape anteaterMeet the Aardvark, a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal from Afri........ Read more »
Lehmann, T. (2009) Phylogeny and systematics of the Orycteropodidae (Mammalia, Tubulidentata). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155(3), 649-702. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00460.x
Taylor, W., & Skinner, J. (2003) Activity patterns, home ranges and burrow use of aardvarks (Orycteropus afer) in the Karoo. Journal of Zoology, 261(3), 291-297. DOI: 10.1017/S0952836903004217
Taylor, W., Lindsey, P., & Skinner, J. (2002) The feeding ecology of the aardvark Orycteropus afer. Journal of Arid Environments, 50(1), 135-152. DOI: 10.1006/jare.2001.0854
Mutlow AG, & Mutlow H. (2008) Caesarian section and neonatal care in the aardvark (Orycteropus afer). Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, 39(2), 260-2. PMID: 18634220
Tabuce, R., Asher, R., & Lehmann, T. (2008) Afrotherian mammals: a review of current data. mammalia, 72(1). DOI: 10.1515/MAMM.2008.004
White, J., Williams, G., Samour, J., Drury, P., & Cheeseman, P. (1985) The composition of milk from captive aardvark (Orycteropus afer). Zoo Biology, 4(3), 245-251. DOI: 10.1002/zoo.1430040305
by beredim in Strange Animals
Photosynthesis, a process used by plants and some bacteria to convert light from the sun into chemical energy which can be later released to fuel their activities. Animals on the other hand, have to consume other organisms in order to cover their energy needs. But every rule has an exception.In recent years, researchers have discovered a small number of animals that much like plants have found a way to directly harness and feed off the Sun’s energy.1# Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis)Typicall........ Read more »
Mujer CV, Andrews DL, Manhart JR, Pierce SK, & Rumpho ME. (1996) Chloroplast genes are expressed during intracellular symbiotic association of Vaucheria litorea plastids with the sea slug Elysia chlorotica. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93(22), 12333-8. PMID: 8901581
Rumpho ME, Worful JM, Lee J, Kannan K, Tyler MS, Bhattacharya D, Moustafa A, & Manhart JR. (2008) Horizontal gene transfer of the algal nuclear gene psbO to the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia chlorotica. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105(46), 17867-71. PMID: 19004808
Plotkin M, Hod I, Zaban A, Boden SA, Bagnall DM, Galushko D, & Bergman DJ. (2010) Solar energy harvesting in the epicuticle of the oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis). Die Naturwissenschaften, 97(12), 1067-76. PMID: 21052618
Moran, N., & Jarvik, T. (2010) Lateral Transfer of Genes from Fungi Underlies Carotenoid Production in Aphids. Science, 328(5978), 624-627. DOI: 10.1126/science.1187113
Valmalette, J., Dombrovsky, A., Brat, P., Mertz, C., Capovilla, M., & Robichon, A. (2012) Light- induced electron transfer and ATP synthesis in a carotene synthesizing insect. Scientific Reports. DOI: 10.1038/srep00579
Gilbert, P. (1942) Observations on the Eggs of Ambystoma Maculatum with Especial Reference to the Green Algae Found Within the Egg Envelopes. Ecology, 23(2), 215. DOI: 10.2307/1931088
Gilbert, P. (1944) The Alga-Egg Relationship in Ambystoma Maculatum, A Case of Symbiosis. Ecology, 25(3), 366. DOI: 10.2307/1931284
Kerney, R., Kim, E., Hangarter, R., Heiss, A., Bishop, C., & Hall, B. (2011) Intracellular invasion of green algae in a salamander host. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(16), 6497-6502. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018259108
Graham, E., Fay, S., Davey, A., & Sanders, R. (2014) Intracapsular algae provide fixed carbon to developing embryos of the salamander Ambystoma maculatum. Journal of Experimental Biology, 217(16), 2983-2983. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.111732
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
Halloween conjures up monsters, like Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein. Her story is just as applicable for us today – the story of science being responsible for what it creates. The so-called Frankenfoods are called dangerous – but why? Studies that label them dangerous have been retracted or are merely correlative. New studies have shown that genetically modified crops are safe for livestock and humans. However, there are valid concerns, so every GMO must be tested rigorously.... Read more »
Goldstein, D. (2014) Tempest in a Tea Pot: How did the Public Conversation on Genetically Modified Crops Drift so far from the Facts?. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 10(2), 194-201. DOI: 10.1007/s13181-014-0402-7
Tufarelli V, & Laudadio V. (2013) Genetically Modified Feeds in Poultry Diet: Safety, Performance and Product Quality. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. PMID: 24915369
Van Eenennaam AL, & Young AE. (2014) Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations. Journal of animal science, 92(10), 4255-78. PMID: 25184846
Snell C, Bernheim A, Bergé JB, Kuntz M, Pascal G, Paris A, & Ricroch AE. (2012) Assessment of the health impact of GM plant diets in long-term and multigenerational animal feeding trials: a literature review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 50(3-4), 1134-48. PMID: 22155268
McCall WV, Andrade C, & Sienaert P. (2014) Searching for the mechanism(s) of ECT's therapeutic effect. The journal of ECT, 30(2), 87-9. PMID: 24755719
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