All posts; Tags Include "Cogn"
- March 23, 2016
- 09:05 AM
- 4 views
We Agree to Disagree: The Science of Why Your Political Posts Won’t Make Anyone Change Their Mind
In today's heated political stage, where everyone has a soapbox thanks to outlets like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and all the personal blogs, I've tried my best not to share my political views publicly. And I've miserably failed. I use my own Facebook page and profile to talk about science, books and photography, but then I can't resist browsing other people's posts. Most of my friends are not as shy as me about making their political views heard and that's when I fall into the trap: I comment........ Read more »
Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2010) When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions. Political Behavior, 32(2), 303-330. DOI: 10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2
Patterson, R., Operskalski, J., & Barbey, A. (2015) Motivated explanation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00559
Perlovsky, L. (2013) A challenge to human evolution—cognitive dissonance. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00179
- March 21, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 47 views
Does race make a difference in how jurors perceive battered spouse syndrome cases?
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
In a word, yes. But perhaps not in the way you might think. Researchers were interested in seeing if the race of parties involved in battered spouse syndrome case defenses would make a difference in how jurors made decisions about verdicts. The researchers say their study is a contribution to the “scarce literature on the […]
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Playing the race card: When it works and why it doesn’t
Is it possible that jurors will be misled by emotional testimony and gruesome photos? ........ Read more »
Mossiere, A., Maeder, E., & Pica, E. (2016) Racial Composition of Couples in Battered Spouse Syndrome Cases: A Look at Juror Perceptions and Decisions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. DOI: 10.1177/0886260516632355
- March 20, 2016
- 09:39 AM
- 73 views
Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Of Traumatic Brain Injury
by Vivek Misra in Uberbrain Research Frontier
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as intracranial injury, is a substantial head injury that results in damage to the brain. This damage can cause a wide spectrum of possible health outcomes. Factors that are likely to influence neuropsychiatric outcome in TBI can be classified as pre-injury, injury and post-injury factors. Injury-related factors include a) the type of physical injury
Read More
The post Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Of Traumatic Brain Injury appeared first on UBRF: UberBrain R........ Read more »
Arciniegas DB, Anderson CA, Topkoff J, & McAllister TW. (2005) Mild traumatic brain injury: a neuropsychiatric approach to diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 1(4), 311-27. PMID: 18568112
Bigler ED. (2001) Distinguished Neuropsychologist Award Lecture 1999. The lesion(s) in traumatic brain injury: implications for clinical neuropsychology. Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists, 16(2), 95-131. PMID: 14590180
Bigler ED. (2007) Anterior and middle cranial fossa in traumatic brain injury: relevant neuroanatomy and neuropathology in the study of neuropsychological outcome. Neuropsychology, 21(5), 515-31. PMID: 17784800
- March 20, 2016
- 08:06 AM
- 75 views
A Detached Sense of Self Associated with Altered Neural Responses to Mirror Touch
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Our bodily sense of self contributes to our personal feelings of awareness as a conscious being. How we see our bodies and move through space and feel touched by loved ones are integral parts of our identity. What happens when this sense of self breaks down? One form of dissolution is Depersonalization Disorder (DPD).1 Individuals with DPD feel estranged or disconnected from themselves, as if their bodies belong to someone else, and “they” are merely a detached observer. Or the self feel........ Read more »
Adler, J., Schabinger, N., Michal, M., Beutel, M., & Gillmeister, H. (2016) Is that me in the mirror? Depersonalisation modulates tactile mirroring mechanisms. Neuropsychologia. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.009
Lenggenhager, B., Pazzaglia, M., Scivoletto, G., Molinari, M., & Aglioti, S. (2012) The Sense of the Body in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. PLoS ONE, 7(11). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050757
- March 17, 2016
- 09:41 PM
- 102 views
Dogmatic atheism and fundamentalist Christianity: creating certainty in an uncertain world
Evidence is building up that, because religion helps people to deal with uncertainties of life, it’s particularly attractive to the kind of people who have a hard time dealing with uncertainty. But what about atheists? Some atheists seem rather fixed and absolutist in their beliefs. Perhaps they use atheism as a prop in much the [Read More...]... Read more »
Kossowska, M., Czernatowicz-Kukuczka, A., & Sekerdej, M. (2016) Many faces of dogmatism: Prejudice as a way of protecting certainty against value violators among dogmatic believers and atheists. British Journal of Psychology. DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12186
- March 16, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 86 views
”Willful ignorance” and the denigration of others
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
A while back we wrote about meat-eaters denigrating vegetarians. Apparently it is more common than one might think to make fun of “do-gooders” if you are not a “do-gooder” yourself. Today we are examining research on making fun of those who shop ethically. According to the researchers (from Ohio State University’s marketing department and UT […]
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Does the Millennial know that tattoo might be a business faux pas?
“I am so tired of people mistaking me for a mode........ Read more »
Zane, D., Irwin, J., & Reczek, R. (2015) Do less ethical consumers denigrate more ethical consumers? The effect of willful ignorance on judgments of others. Journal of Consumer Psychology. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcps.2015.10.002
- March 11, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 131 views
Bad brains and bad behavior: A primer for the attorney
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
Neurocriminology, say the authors of today’s paper, is “the study of the brain and how it affects antisocial behavior”. When neurocriminology comes to the courtroom, we call it neurolaw and we have blogged about this intersection between neurosciences and law for years. The paper we are posting about today is meant as a primer on […]
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A new question for the jury: Did my brain implant make me do it?
Does priming influence behavior of even the “bad boys”?
On brains........ Read more »
Jorgensen, C., Anderson, N., & Barnes, J. (2016) Bad Brains: Crime and Drug Abuse from a Neurocriminological Perspective. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 41(1), 47-69. DOI: 10.1007/s12103-015-9328-0
- March 10, 2016
- 09:20 PM
- 134 views
Use of prayer by African-Americans can help explain why they are more sensitive to pain
African-Americans are more sensitive to pain than Caucasian (white) Americans. That’s been shown in comparisons of much pain is experienced in illnesses such as AIDS and arthritis, after surgery, and in conditions such as lower back pain. It’s also been shown experimentally, when volunteers undergo painful experiences (like holding your hand in ice-cold water) and report [Read More...]... Read more »
Meints, S., Miller, M., & Hirsh, A. (2016) Differences in pain coping between Black and White Americans: A meta-analysis. The Journal of Pain. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.12.017
- March 5, 2016
- 11:15 AM
- 148 views
Een aap met maatgevoel? [Dutch]
by Henkjan Honing in Music Matters
Hieronder een videoimpressie van de Diesrede uitgesproken tijdens de 384ste Dies Natalis van de Universiteit van Amsterdam met de titel ‘Een aap met maatgevoel’. In die lezing beschrijf ik wat muzikaliteit is of kan zijn, maar ook in hoeverre we muzikaliteit delen met andere dieren, om er zo achter te komen of muzikaliteit een biologische basis heeft. Lang niet alle wetenschappers zijn het daar over eens.... Read more »
Wilson, M., & Cook, P. (2016) Rhythmic entrainment: Why humans want to, fireflies can’t help it, pet birds try, and sea lions have to be bribed. Psychonomic Bulletin . DOI: 10.3758/s13423-016-1013-x
Merchant, H., & Honing, H. (2014) Are non-human primates capable of rhythmic entrainment? Evidence for the gradual audiomotor evolution hypothesis. Frontiers in Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00274
- March 4, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 152 views
Punctuation is important in text messages!
by Doug Keene in The Jury Room
Not life and death important like commas can be, but if you do not make a point of ending your text reply with a period you may be misinterpreted. Just last week we blogged about the sarcasm emoticon and now we are blogging about periods? It’s true. Punctuation can not only save lives, it apparently […]
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“I know I shouldn’t text from the toilet, but….”
Be careful what you text!
News You Can Use (like how Pepsi knows there was no mouse in your Mountain Dew)
... Read more »
Gunraj, D., Drumm-Hewitt, A., Dashow, E., Upadhyay, S., & Klin, C. (2016) Texting insincerely: The role of the period in text messaging. Computers in Human Behavior, 1067-1075. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.003
- March 2, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 154 views
“My brain made me do it”: A neurolaw update
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
We’ve written about neurolaw fairly routinely here and recently Science Magazine took a look at what they call “the growing use of neurobiological evidence in criminal trials”. In our own experiences with pretrial research, mock jurors are not often accepting of “my brain made me do it” defenses and will roll their eyes and sometimes […]
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Neurolaw Update: Who’s in charge here—me or my brain?
On brains, brain damage, pedophilia and other things we don’t like ........ Read more »
Farahany, N. (2016) Neuroscience and behavioral genetics in US criminal law: an empirical analysis. Journal of Law and the Biosciences. DOI: 10.1093/jlb/lsv059
- March 1, 2016
- 11:10 AM
- 212 views
Shame on You, Shame on Me: Shame as an Evolutionary Adaptation
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
Can shame be good for you? We often think of shame as a shackling emotion which thwarts our individuality and creativity. A sense of shame could prevent us from choosing a partner we truly love, speaking out against societal traditions which propagate injustice or pursuing a profession that is deemed unworthy by our peers. But if shame is so detrimental, why did we evolve with this emotion? A team of researchers led by Daniel Sznycer from the Center for Evolutionary Psychology at the University ........ Read more »
Sznycer D, Tooby J, Cosmides L, Porat R, Shalvi S, & Halperin E. (2016) Shame closely tracks the threat of devaluation by others, even across cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. PMID: 26903649
- February 27, 2016
- 12:00 AM
- 157 views
Sticks and stones (3): How names hurt
by Michael Ramscar in The Importance of Being Wrong
The shock of the old
Most people in Iceland don’t have family names. Instead, Icelanders’ last names are made from their father or mother’s first name, to which males add the suffix -son (son) and females -dóttir (daughter). This practice can seem strange to outsiders, but it was common throughout Scandinavia until surprisingly recently: laws compelling citizens to adopt heritable family names were only enacted in 1828 in Denmark, 1901 in Sweden, and 1922 in Norway......... Read more »
Baek SK, Kiet HA, & Kim BJ. (2007) Family name distributions: master equation approach. Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics, 76(4 Pt 2), 46113. PMID: 17995066
Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004) Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination. American Economic Review, 94(4), 991-1013. DOI: 10.1257/0002828042002561
Chang, J., Donnelly, P., Wiuf, C., Hein, J., Slatkin, M., Ewens, W., & Kingman, J. (1999) Recent common ancestors of all present-day individuals. Advances in Applied Probability, 31(4), 1002-1026. DOI: 10.1239/aap/1029955256
Colman, A., Sluckin, W., & Hargreaves, D. (1981) The effect of familiarity on preferences for surnames. British Journal of Psychology, 72(3), 363-369. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1981.tb02195.x
Colman, A., Hargreaves, D., & Sluckin, W. (1981) Preferences for Christian names as a function of their experienced familiarity. British Journal of Social Psychology, 20(1), 3-5. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1981.tb00465.x
A. Crook. (2012) Personal Names in 18th-Century Scotland: a case study of the parish of Beith (North Ayrshire). Journal of Scottish Name Studies, 1-10. info:/
Guo, J., Chen, Q., & Wang, Y. (2011) Statistical distribution of Chinese names. Chinese Physics B, 20(11), 118901. DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/20/11/118901
Shannon, C., Gallager, R., & Berlekamp, E. (1967) Lower bounds to error probability for coding on discrete memoryless channels. I. Information and Control, 10(1), 65-103. DOI: 10.1016/S0019-9958(67)90052-6
Shannon, C. (1948) A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379-423. DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
Shannon, C. (1951) Prediction and Entropy of Printed English. Bell System Technical Journal, 30(1), 50-64. DOI: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1951.tb01366.x
- February 26, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 190 views
Spiders, dogs, assassins, beards and the demons of sleep paralysis (things you want to know)
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
We read a lot of articles in order to blog regularly and often find intriguing (not to mention weird, odd, esoteric, freakish) pieces of information to which we do not wish to devote an entire post—yet, also do not wish to hoard the information. At times like these, you will see a collection of the […]
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Feeling biased? Just go to sleep and wake up bias-free!
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Do you believe there are Angels and Demons among us?
........ Read more »
Marchal S, Bregeras O, Puaux D, Gervais R, & Ferry B. (2016) Rigorous Training of Dogs Leads to High Accuracy in Human Scent Matching-To-Sample Performance. PLoS ONE, 11(2). PMID: 26863620
- February 24, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 147 views
Simple Jury Persuasion: What would Jesus do?
by Rita Handrich in The Jury Room
A few years ago we were doing a mock trial in New York City and I saw a Rastafarian street vendor selling coffee cups with WWJD on them in block print. I thought it was odd and so looked more closely to find in teeny tiny letters under WWJD, it said “What would Jung do?”. […]
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Simple Jury Persuasion: It’s really pretty black and white….
Simple Jury Persuasion: Analytic or Intuitive?
Simple Jury Persuasion: Christian religious concepts increase racial prejudice ........ Read more »
Ginges J, Sheikh H, Atran S, & Argo N. (2016) Thinking from God's perspective decreases biased valuation of the life of a nonbeliever. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(2), 316-9. PMID: 26711991
- February 22, 2016
- 07:02 AM
- 170 views
Substance use and other mental health concerns among US attorneys
by Doug Keene in The Jury Room
Over the past few years, following a number of high-profile attorney suicides, much more attention has focused on mental health needs of attorneys. The study we are featuring today was funded by the Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation and the ABA Commission on Lawyer Assistance Programs. In short, the authors conclude we need to pay more […]
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Reports of novel or contradictory health research reduces public trust in science
Lying makes me sick!
Defense Attorneys: More Sisyphus........ Read more »
Krill PR, Johnson R, & Albert L. (2016) The Prevalence of Substance Use and Other Mental Health Concerns Among American Attorneys. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 10(1), 46-52. PMID: 26825268
- February 21, 2016
- 12:34 PM
- 156 views
Does musicality have a biological foundation?
by Henkjan Honing in Music Matters
A few days ago a study was published by the team of Irma Järvelä (University of Helsinki) on the identification of genetic variants underlying musical ability. They based their new study (Liu et al., 2016) on an existing database of ca. 150 unrelated Finnish subjects that were tested for their musical ability using a collection of pitch and pattern perception tests. In addition, for all participants genomic DNA was available (based on a blood sample). The participants were divided into........ Read more »
Liu, X., Kanduri, C., Oikkonen, J., Karma, K., Raijas, P., Ukkola-Vuoti, L., Teo, Y., & Järvelä, I. (2016) Detecting signatures of positive selection associated with musical aptitude in the human genome. Scientific Reports, 21198. DOI: 10.1038/srep21198
Sabeti, P. (2006) Positive Natural Selection in the Human Lineage. Science, 312(5780), 1614-1620. DOI: 10.1126/science.1124309
Gingras, B., Honing, H., Peretz, I., Trainor, L., & Fisher, S. (2015) Defining the biological bases of individual differences in musicality. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 370(1664), 20140092-20140092. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0092
- February 9, 2016
- 12:51 PM
- 203 views
How language changes the way you hear music
by Richard Kunert in Brain's Idea
In a new paper I, together with Roel Willems and Peter Hagoort, show that music and language are tightly coupled in the brain. Get the gist in a 180 second youtube clip and then try out what my participants did. The task my participants had to do might sound very abstract to you, so let […]... Read more »
Kunert R, & Slevc LR. (2015) A Commentary on: "Neural overlap in processing music and speech". Frontiers in human neuroscience, 330. PMID: 26089792
Kunert, R., Willems, R., & Hagoort, P. (2016) Language influences music harmony perception: effects of shared syntactic integration resources beyond attention. Royal Society Open Science, 3(2), 150685. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150685
- February 6, 2016
- 09:52 AM
- 231 views
Do songbirds perceive melody different from humans?
by Henkjan Honing in Music Matters
Last week a fascinating study appeared in PNAS on melody cognition in sparrows (Sturnus vulgaris). It provides an alternative interpretation to the widespread believe that songbirds have a strong bias to rely on absolute pitch (AP) for the recognition of melodies (e.g. Hulse et al., 1992).... Read more »
Hulse, S., Takeuchi, A., & Braaten, R. (1992) Perceptual Invariances in the Comparative Psychology of Music. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 10(2), 151-184. DOI: 10.2307/40285605
Bregman, M., Patel, A., & Gentner, T. (2016) Songbirds use spectral shape, not pitch, for sound pattern recognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201515380. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515380113
- February 5, 2016
- 12:34 PM
- 251 views
Abnormalities in later cognitive stages of beat processing?
by Henkjan Honing in Music Matters
Beat deafness, a recently documented form of congenital amusia, provides a unique window into functional specialization of neural circuitry for the processing of musical stimuli: Beat-deaf individuals exhibit deficits that are specific to the detection of a regular beat in music and the ability to move along with a beat.... Read more »
Phillips-Silver, J., Toiviainen, P., Gosselin, N., Piché, O., Nozaradan, S., Palmer, C., & Peretz, I. (2011) Born to dance but beat deaf: A new form of congenital amusia. Neuropsychologia. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.002
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