All posts; Tags Include "Cognitive Neuroscience"
- May 3, 2016
- 11:36 AM
- 383 views
Delirium and Aortic Valve Surgery Outcome
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Delirium is an acute confusional state that is common in elderly hospitalized patients.I think of it light a sign of acute brain failure requiring aggressive attentional for detection and treatment of any reversible underlying causes.Delirium in elderly hospitalized patients is a marker for poor outcome in a variety of medical and surgical subjects.A recent study published by a Norwegian team found effects on outcome for delirium following surgical aortic valve replacement. The key findings from........ Read more »
Eide LS, Ranhoff AH, Fridlund B, Haaverstad R, Hufthammer KO, Kuiper KK, Nordrehaug JE, Norekvål TM, & Delirium in Octogenarians Undergoing Cardiac Surgery or Intervention-CARDELIR Investigators. (2016) Delirium as a Predictor of Physical and Cognitive Function in Individuals Aged 80 and Older After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. PMID: 27106745
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- April 11, 2016
- 12:00 PM
- 425 views
Why you should fire up about music neuroscience
by Kiralee Musgrove in Neuroscientist on music
My alarm goes off at 6am most mornings. I adopted this unfortunate habit some years ago when I discovered I do my best thinking early, with a hot drink and still. My biological sensibilities remain supremely offended by this. (Describing me as a “disgruntled” early riser would not be far from the truth.) Still, among the things that must be thought at 6am, there are a select few which have me in front of my laptop, ready-to-go by 6:20am. As you might have deduced, music neuroscience ........ Read more »
Araya-Salas, M. (2012) Is birdsong music?. Significance, 9(6), 4-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-9713.2012.00613.x
Brown, L., de Bruin, N., Doan, J., Suchowersky, O., & Hu, B. (2010) Obstacle crossing among people with Parkinson's disease is influenced by concurrent music. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 47(3), 225-231. PMID: 20665348
Downey, L., Blezat, A., Nicholas, J., Omar, R., Golden, H., Mahoney, C., Crutch, S., & Warren, J. (2013) Mentalising music in frontotemporal dementia. Cortex, 49(7), 1844-1855. DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.09.011
El Haj, M., Fasotti, L., & Allain, P. (2012) The involuntary nature of music-evoked autobiographical memories in Alzheimer's disease. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(1), 238-246. PMID: 22265372
James, C., Dupuis-Lozeron, E., & Hauert, C. (2012) Appraisal of musical syntax violations by primary school children. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 71(3), 161-168. DOI: 10.1024/1421-0185/a000084
Loui, P., Wessel, D., & Kam, C. (2010) Humans rapidly learn grammatical structure in a new musical scale. Music Perception, 27(5), 377-388. DOI: 10.1525/mp.2010.27.5.377
Merrett, D., Peretz, I., & Wilson, S. (2014) Neurobiological, cognitive, and emotional mechanisms in melodic intonation therapy. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 1-11. PMID: 24917811
Mingle, M., Eppley, T., Campbell, M., Hall, K., Horner, V., & de Waal FB. (2014) Chimpanzees prefer African and Indian music over silence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 40(4), 502-505. PMID: 25546107
Omar, R., Henley, S., Bartlett, J., Hailstone, J., Gordon, E., Sauter, D., Frost, C., Scott, S., & Warren, J. (2011) The structural neuroanatomy of music emotion recognition: Evidence from frontotemporal lobar degeneration. NeuroImage, 56(3), 1814-1821. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.002
Osuch, E., Bluhm, R., Williamson, P., Théberge, J., Densmore, M., & Neufeld, R. (2009) Brain activation to favorite music in healthy controls and depressed patients. Neuroreport, 20(13), 1204-1208. PMID: 19617860
Polston, J., & Glick, S. (2011) Music-induced context preference following cocaine conditioning in rats. Behavioral Neuroscience, 125(4), 674-680. PMID: 21688895
Sarkamo, T., Ripolles, P., Vepsalainen, H., Autti, T., Silvennoinen, H., Salli, E., Laitinen, S., Forsblom, A., Soinila, S., & Rodriguez-Fornells, A. (2014) Structural changes induced by daily music listening in the recovering brain after middle cerebral artery stroke: A voxel-based morphometry study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 1-16. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00245
Shannon, R. (2016) Is birdsong more like speech or music?. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(4), 245-247. PMID: 26944220
Snowdon, C., Zimmermann, E., & Altenmüller, E. (2015) Music evolution and neuroscience. Music, Neurology, and Neuroscience: Evolution, the Musical Brain, Medical Conditions, and Therapies, 17-34. DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.019
- March 23, 2016
- 09:05 AM
- 751 views
We Agree to Disagree: The Science of Why Your Political Posts Won’t Make Anyone Change Their Mind
In today's heated political stage, where everyone has a soapbox thanks to outlets like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and all the personal blogs, I've tried my best not to share my political views publicly. And I've miserably failed. I use my own Facebook page and profile to talk about science, books and photography, but then I can't resist browsing other people's posts. Most of my friends are not as shy as me about making their political views heard and that's when I fall into the trap: I comment........ Read more »
Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2010) When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions. Political Behavior, 32(2), 303-330. DOI: 10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2
Patterson, R., Operskalski, J., & Barbey, A. (2015) Motivated explanation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00559
Perlovsky, L. (2013) A challenge to human evolution—cognitive dissonance. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00179
- March 21, 2016
- 09:00 AM
- 361 views
How not to be a music neuroscientist
by Kiralee Musgrove in Neuroscientist on music
"Erm, what is it, that thing that you do?"
This is the question that follows the eyebrow V, that follows my response to the question, “what are you doing your PhD on?”.
Music neuroscientists. I can tell you what we do not do.... Read more »
Rohrmeier, M., & Koelsch, S. (2012) Predictive information processing in music cognition. A critical review. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 83(2), 164-175. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.12.010
Kraus, N., & Chandrasekaran, B. (2010) Music training for the development of auditory skills. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11(8), 599-605. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2882
- March 20, 2016
- 09:39 AM
- 846 views
Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Of Traumatic Brain Injury
by Vivek Misra in Uberbrain Research Frontier
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), also known as intracranial injury, is a substantial head injury that results in damage to the brain. This damage can cause a wide spectrum of possible health outcomes. Factors that are likely to influence neuropsychiatric outcome in TBI can be classified as pre-injury, injury and post-injury factors. Injury-related factors include a) the type of physical injury
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The post Neuropsychiatric Outcomes Of Traumatic Brain Injury appeared first on UBRF: UberBrain R........ Read more »
Arciniegas DB, Anderson CA, Topkoff J, & McAllister TW. (2005) Mild traumatic brain injury: a neuropsychiatric approach to diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 1(4), 311-27. PMID: 18568112
Bigler ED. (2001) Distinguished Neuropsychologist Award Lecture 1999. The lesion(s) in traumatic brain injury: implications for clinical neuropsychology. Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists, 16(2), 95-131. PMID: 14590180
Bigler ED. (2007) Anterior and middle cranial fossa in traumatic brain injury: relevant neuroanatomy and neuropathology in the study of neuropsychological outcome. Neuropsychology, 21(5), 515-31. PMID: 17784800
- March 20, 2016
- 08:06 AM
- 903 views
A Detached Sense of Self Associated with Altered Neural Responses to Mirror Touch
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Our bodily sense of self contributes to our personal feelings of awareness as a conscious being. How we see our bodies and move through space and feel touched by loved ones are integral parts of our identity. What happens when this sense of self breaks down? One form of dissolution is Depersonalization Disorder (DPD).1 Individuals with DPD feel estranged or disconnected from themselves, as if their bodies belong to someone else, and “they” are merely a detached observer. Or the self feel........ Read more »
Adler, J., Schabinger, N., Michal, M., Beutel, M., & Gillmeister, H. (2016) Is that me in the mirror? Depersonalisation modulates tactile mirroring mechanisms. Neuropsychologia. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.009
Lenggenhager, B., Pazzaglia, M., Scivoletto, G., Molinari, M., & Aglioti, S. (2012) The Sense of the Body in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury. PLoS ONE, 7(11). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050757
- February 4, 2016
- 10:06 AM
- 788 views
A sense of mystery results from the brain failing to shut down flights of fancy
People who have a mystical experience might describe it as being “touched by some higher or greater truth or power“, or as “experiences felt or experienced beyond the realms of ordinary consciousness”. Psychologists define them as a breakdown in the usual sense of time or space, or of the difference between the self and the [Read More...]... Read more »
Cristofori, I., Bulbulia, J., Shaver, J., Wilson, M., Krueger, F., & Grafman, J. (2016) Neural correlates of mystical experience. Neuropsychologia, 212-220. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.11.021
- January 20, 2016
- 06:55 AM
- 1,007 views
Pump Up Your Brain
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
Exercising makes you smarter! Preadolescents who begin exercising score better on a cognitive assessment not unlike an IQ test. They also perform better on a math test, even though no additional math instruction was given. But to maximize the increase in neural plasticity, you have to exercise several times a week for months. The weirdest part – different types of exercise alter different neurotrophins, so to be your smartest, you need to do aerobic training and resistance training. ... Read more »
Patten AR, Sickmann H, Hryciw BN, Kucharsky T, Parton R, Kernick A, & Christie BR. (2013) Long-term exercise is needed to enhance synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Learning , 20(11), 642-7. PMID: 24131795
Cassilhas RC, Lee KS, Fernandes J, Oliveira MG, Tufik S, Meeusen R, & de Mello MT. (2012) Spatial memory is improved by aerobic and resistance exercise through divergent molecular mechanisms. Neuroscience, 309-17. PMID: 22155655
Davis CL, Tomporowski PD, McDowell JE, Austin BP, Miller PH, Yanasak NE, Allison JD, & Naglieri JA. (2011) Exercise improves executive function and achievement and alters brain activation in overweight children: a randomized, controlled trial. Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 30(1), 91-8. PMID: 21299297
Tam ND. (2013) Improvement of Processing Speed in Executive Function Immediately following an Increase in Cardiovascular Activity. Cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology, 212767. PMID: 24187613
- December 29, 2015
- 07:04 AM
- 1,142 views
Social Pain Revisited: Opioids for Severe Suicidal Ideation
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Does the pain of mental anguish rely on the same neural machinery as physical pain? Can we treat these dreaded ailments with the same medications? These issues have come to the fore in the field of social/cognitive/affective neuroscience.As many readers know, Lieberman and Eisenberger (2015) recently published a controversial paper claiming that a brain region called the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC, shown above) is “selective” for pain.1 This finding fits with their long-time narr........ Read more »
Panksepp, J., & Yovell, Y. (2014) Preclinical Modeling of Primal Emotional Affects (SEEKING, PANIC and PLAY): Gateways to the Development of New Treatments for Depression. Psychopathology, 47(6), 383-393. DOI: 10.1159/000366208
Woo CW, Koban L, Kross E, Lindquist MA, Banich MT, Ruzic L, Andrews-Hanna JR, & Wager TD. (2014) Separate neural representations for physical pain and social rejection. Nature communications, 5380. PMID: 25400102
Yovell, Y., Bar, G., Mashiah, M., Baruch, Y., Briskman, I., Asherov, J., Lotan, A., Rigbi, A., & Panksepp, J. (2015) Ultra-Low-Dose Buprenorphine as a Time-Limited Treatment for Severe Suicidal Ideation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040535
- December 21, 2015
- 08:57 AM
- 1,015 views
GABA, autism, and the correlation that wasn’t there
by Jon Brock in DrBrocktagon
Gamma aminobutyric acid (or GABA for short) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter - it makes a neuron less likely to fire. GABA is important, not only in damping down brain activity, but also in controlling the precise timing of the neural impulses. It allows groups of neurons to synchronize their activity and transmit signals across the brain. […]... Read more »
Robertson, C., Ratai, E., & Kanwisher, N. (2015) Reduced GABAergic Action in the Autistic Brain. Current Biology. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.11.019
- November 23, 2015
- 12:06 PM
- 852 views
Gambling and Brain Frontal-Striatum Connections
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
For the remainder of 2015, Brain Posts will focus on pathological gambling and also highlight the top-viewed posts for the year.Functional connectivity is a relatively recent brain imaging technique that provides a new look at brain circuitry at rest and with tasks.Resting state connectivity using fMRI provides a snapshot of brain connections in each individual. There is increasing study of resting connectivity in individuals with disorders in neuroscience medicine compared to control population........ Read more »
Koehler S, Ovadia-Caro S, van der Meer E, Villringer A, Heinz A, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, & Margulies DS. (2013) Increased functional connectivity between prefrontal cortex and reward system in pathological gambling. PloS one, 8(12). PMID: 24367675
- November 18, 2015
- 01:00 PM
- 914 views
Predictors of Poor Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often unpredictable and variable.Two individuals with similar types of TBI can have quite different outcomes ranging from total disability to functional employment.Torun Finnanger and colleagues from Norway and Australia recently reported on a study that examined a number of predictor variables on self-reported outcome following TBI.In this study, 67 adolescents and adults with moderate to severe TBI completed baseline assessments and were fo........ Read more »
Finnanger TG, Olsen A, Skandsen T, Lydersen S, Vik A, Evensen KA, Catroppa C, Håberg AK, Andersson S, & Indredavik MS. (2015) Life after Adolescent and Adult Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Self-Reported Executive, Emotional, and Behavioural Function 2-5 Years after Injury. Behavioural neurology, 329241. PMID: 26549936
- November 16, 2015
- 05:50 AM
- 1,122 views
The Neuroscience of Social Media: An Unofficial History
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
There's a new article in Trends in Cognitive Sciences about how neuroscientists can incorporate social media into their research on the neural correlates of social cognition (Meshi et al., 2015). The authors outlined the sorts of social behaviors that can be studied via participants' use of Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, etc.: (1) broadcasting information; (2) receiving feedback; (3) observing others' broadcasts; (4) providing feedback; (5) comparing self to others.Meshi, Tamir, and Heekeren / Tr........ Read more »
Meshi D, Tamir TI, Heekeren HR. (2015) The Emerging Neuroscience of Social Media. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. info:/10.1016/j.tics.2015.09.004
- November 12, 2015
- 11:51 AM
- 721 views
Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Sunset in Blanchard, OK courtesy of Dr. Tim YatesThere is a significant need for improvement in the tools available for screening for cognitive impairment in a variety of disorders in neuroscience medicine.The Mini-Mental State Examination Score (MMSE) is a widely used 30-item scale for screening dementia and other neurological conditions.However, the MMSE has some significant weaknesses for use in the clinical setting.Jin Qiao and colleagues from China recently published a study testing th........ Read more »
Qiao J, Zheng X, Wang X, Lu W, Cao H, & Qin X. (2015) Neuropsychological profile in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease and normal global cognition according to Mini-Mental State Examination Score. International journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 8(8), 13755-61. PMID: 26550322
- November 10, 2015
- 11:35 AM
- 717 views
Brain Inflammation in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The role of inflammation in the brain is receiving increased attention in dementia and other disorders in neuroscience medicine.Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the third leading cause of dementia. This disorder has received increased attention with the finding of the condition in the autopsy of comedian and actor Robin Williams.Patrick Ejlerskov and colleagues from Denmark, Sweden, Germany and the United Kingdom recently published an informative study in the journal Cell on this topic.Cytokin........ Read more »
Ejlerskov P, Hultberg JG, Wang J, Carlsson R, Ambjørn M, Kuss M, Liu Y, Porcu G, Kolkova K, Friis Rundsten C.... (2015) Lack of Neuronal IFN-β-IFNAR Causes Lewy Body- and Parkinson's Disease-like Dementia. Cell, 163(2), 324-39. PMID: 26451483
- November 7, 2015
- 06:50 AM
- 872 views
Capgras delusion
by neurosci in Neuroscientifically Challenged
Think for a moment about the people in your life whom you are closest to and most familiar with---those whom you see, talk to, and maybe share intimate moments with on a regular basis. Perhaps this would be your spouse, partner, parents, siblings, or friends. Now, try to imagine waking up tomorrow and, upon seeing one of these people, being overcome with an unshakable feeling that it is not really them you are seeing. Even though you know it sounds crazy, you can't stop yourself from thinking th........ Read more »
Young, G. (2008) Capgras delusion: An interactionist model. Consciousness and Cognition, 17(3), 863-876. DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2008.01.006
- November 6, 2015
- 06:47 AM
- 1,119 views
Broca’s area processes both music and language at the same time
by Richard Kunert in Brain's Idea
When you read a book and listen to music, the brain doesn’t keep these two tasks nicely separated. In a new article just out, I show that there is a brain area which is busy with both tasks at the same time (Kunert et al., 2015). This brain area might tell us a lot about […]... Read more »
Hagoort P. (2013) MUC (Memory, Unification, Control) and beyond. Frontiers in psychology, 416. PMID: 23874313
Kunert R, & Slevc LR. (2015) A Commentary on: "Neural overlap in processing music and speech". Frontiers in human neuroscience, 330. PMID: 26089792
Kunert R, Willems RM, Casasanto D, Patel AD, & Hagoort P. (2015) Music and Language Syntax Interact in Broca's Area: An fMRI Study. PloS one, 10(11). PMID: 26536026
- November 4, 2015
- 01:50 PM
- 830 views
Brain Imaging in Diagnosis of Lewy Body Dementia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain image highlighting right insula implicated in DLBRecent information has emerged concerning the suicide death of the comedian/actor Robin Williams.Autopsy results have demonstrated that Robin Williams suffered from dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).This public case demonstrates the difficulty in making a correct diagnosis of DLB prior to the findings at autopsy.In a previous post I reported on a screening tool for clinicians that appears to have some promise for screening for high-risk DLB pa........ Read more »
Blanc F, Colloby SJ, Philippi N, de Pétigny X, Jung B, Demuynck C, Phillipps C, Anthony P, Thomas A, Bing F.... (2015) Cortical Thickness in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Alzheimer's Disease: A Comparison of Prodromal and Dementia Stages. PloS one, 10(6). PMID: 26061655
- October 27, 2015
- 11:10 AM
- 992 views
Improving Diagnosis of Lewy Body Dementia
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
This month I have been focusing on research advances in neuropsychology in neuroscience medicine.My daily feed screener picked up a report of a screening tool for Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) today.LBD is often confused with Alzheimer's disease. Distinguishing the two is important for management and selection of appropriate drug treatment.This research is not published in a free full-text manuscript format but there is a link to the scale for readers with more interest.The research study examined th........ Read more »
Galvin JE. (2015) IMPROVING THE CLINICAL DETECTION OF LEWY BODY DEMENTIA WITH THE LEWY BODY COMPOSITE RISK SCORE. Alzheimer's , 1(3), 316-324. PMID: 26405688
- October 22, 2015
- 11:27 AM
- 632 views
Early Birds, Night Owls and Working Memory
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
There is a growing body of research showing the individual preference for mornings or evenings influences human performance and disease.Early birds is common term for individuals who arise early and prefer activity in mornings. Night owls often stay up late at night and find they are more productive in the evenings.This day time preference pattern is known scientifically as chronotype.Christina Schmidt and colleagues from Belgium recently published an interesting study of the effect of chronotyp........ Read more »
Schmidt C, Collette F, Reichert CF, Maire M, Vandewalle G, Peigneux P, & Cajochen C. (2015) Pushing the Limits: Chronotype and Time of Day Modulate Working Memory-Dependent Cerebral Activity. Frontiers in neurology, 199. PMID: 26441819
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