All posts; Tags Include "Pharmacology"
- February 25, 2016
- 01:53 PM
- 518 views
How coconuts bring harm and healing
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
Curries, macaroons, piña coladas...where would we be without the captivating culinary contributions of the coconut?... Read more »
Campbell-Falck D, Thomas T, Falck TM, Tutuo N, & Clem K. (2000) The intravenous use of coconut water. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 18(1), 108-111. PMID: 10674546
Mulford JS, Oberli H, & Tovosia S. (2001) Coconut palm-related injuries in the Pacific Islands. ANZ Journal of Surgery, 71(1), 32-34. PMID: 11167595
Sekar N, Veetil SK, & Neerathilingam M. (2013) Tender coconut water an economical growth medium for the production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. BMC Biotechnology, 70. PMID: 24004578
- February 18, 2016
- 10:52 AM
- 557 views
The secret pharmacological life of the humble avocado
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
Guacamole, while delicious, is actually fairly destructive. This is thanks in part to a compound called persin, which is present in the fruit and leaves of the avocado tree (Persea americana). Persin is an acetogenin (a type of polyketide) made via the same biochemical pathways the avocado plant uses to make its delicious fatty acids. In fact, it closely resembles linoleic acid, an essential omega-6 fatty acid.Avocado fruits in their natural setting (Source)For some reason, persin is usuall........ Read more »
McCloy RA, Shelley EJ, Roberts CG, Boslem E, Biden TJ, Nicholson RI, Gee JM, Sutherland RL, Musgrove EA, Burgess A.... (2013) Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress induction by the plant toxin, persin, in overcoming resistance to the apoptotic effects of tamoxifen in human breast cancer cells. British Journal of Cancer, 109(12), 3034-3041. PMID: 24178758
Rodriguez-Sanchez DG, Flores-García M, Silva-Platas C, Rizzo S, Torre-Amione G, De la Peña-Diaz A, Hernández-Brenes C, & García-Rivas G. (2015) Isolation and chemical identification of lipid derivatives from avocado (Persea americana) pulp with antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities. Food , 6(1), 193-203. PMID: 25319210
- February 12, 2016
- 08:48 AM
- 492 views
Heartbreaking drugs: A Valentine's Day special
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
Let's talk about hearts and how they get broken. Literally, with drugs. When we swallow a pill, it's often to help address a problem we're experiencing with a particular body part. An aching head or a sore throat, for example. The pill breaks down in our guts and we absorb the drug into our bloodstream. It travels around our body and eventually ends up at the hurting locale where it works to fix the problem. Unfortunately, sometimes the drug will end up somewhere else and act there to cause an u........ Read more »
Wu A. (2008) Cardiotoxic drugs: Clinical monitoring and decision making. Heart, 94(11), 1503-1509. DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2007.133876
- February 6, 2016
- 07:42 AM
- 499 views
Domestic Dog
by Jason Organ in Eatlemania!
The Eatles are cleaning the skull of a domestic dog. Come read about osteoporosis research in the Organ Lab at Indiana University School of Medicine... Read more »
Allen MR, Territo PR, Lin C, Persohn S, Jiang L, Riley AA, McCarthy BP, Newman CL, Burr DB, & Hutchins GD. (2015) In Vivo UTE-MRI Reveals Positive Effects of Raloxifene on Skeletal-Bound Water in Skeletally Mature Beagle Dogs. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 30(8), 1441-4. PMID: 25644867
Allen MR, McNerny EM, Organ JM, & Wallace JM. (2015) True Gold or Pyrite: A Review of Reference Point Indentation for Assessing Bone Mechanical Properties In Vivo. Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 30(9), 1539-50. PMID: 26235703
Aref M, Gallant MA, Organ JM, Wallace JM, Newman CL, Burr DB, Brown DM, & Allen MR. (2013) In vivo reference point indentation reveals positive effects of raloxifene on mechanical properties following 6 months of treatment in skeletally mature beagle dogs. Bone, 56(2), 449-53. PMID: 23871851
Skoglund P, Ersmark E, Palkopoulou E, & Dalén L. (2015) Ancient wolf genome reveals an early divergence of domestic dog ancestors and admixture into high-latitude breeds. Current biology : CB, 25(11), 1515-9. PMID: 26004765
- January 24, 2016
- 10:01 AM
- 306 views
Increased Short Term Risk of Adverse Cardiac Effects With Antibiotic Clarithromycin
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
More on Heart Disease on MedicalResearch.com MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Professor Ian C K Wong Fellow of Royal Pharmaceutical Society Fellow of Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (Honorary) Fellow of the Higher Education Academy Chair in Pharmacy Practice Head … Continue reading →
The post Increased Short Term Risk of Adverse Cardiac Effects With Antibiotic Clarithromycin appeared first on MedicalResearch.com.
... Read more »
Prof. Ian CK Wong. (2016) Increased Short Term Risk of Adverse Cardiac Effects With Antibiotic Clarithromycin. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- January 13, 2016
- 09:05 AM
- 706 views
Exercise Puts Me To Sleep – You Too
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
A New Year’s resolution to exercise could also help you sleep. But how? It wears you out and reduces stress, but there is much more. Exercise manipulates the temperature of the body by messing with your brain and modulates immune cytokine levels. It’s true… your immune system controls sleep cycles!... Read more »
Vivanco P, Studholme KM, & Morin LP. (2013) Drugs that prevent mouse sleep also block light-induced locomotor suppression, circadian rhythm phase shifts and the drop in core temperature. Neuroscience, 98-109. PMID: 24056197
Robey E, Dawson B, Halson S, Gregson W, King S, Goodman C, & Eastwood P. (2013) Effect of evening postexercise cold water immersion on subsequent sleep. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 45(7), 1394-402. PMID: 23377833
Santos RV, Viana VA, Boscolo RA, Marques VG, Santana MG, Lira FS, Tufik S, & de Mello MT. (2012) Moderate exercise training modulates cytokine profile and sleep in elderly people. Cytokine, 60(3), 731-5. PMID: 22917967
España RA, McCormack SL, Mochizuki T, & Scammell TE. (2007) Running promotes wakefulness and increases cataplexy in orexin knockout mice. Sleep, 30(11), 1417-25. PMID: 18041476
- January 11, 2016
- 11:07 PM
- 251 views
Incomplete Follow Up Rates Exceed 10% in Oral Antithrombotic Trials
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Victor Serebruany, MD, PhD HeartDrug Research, Towson, Maryland Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland Medical Research: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings? Dr. Serebruany: Missing data are common challenges to the validity of … Continue reading →
The post Incomplete Follow Up Rates Exceed 10% in Oral Antithrombotic Trials appeared first on MedicalResearch.com.
... Read more »
Victor Serebruany, MD, PhD. (2016) Incomplete Follow Up Rates Exceed 10% in Oral Antithrombotic Trials. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- January 8, 2016
- 07:47 AM
- 609 views
Opioid Drugs for Mental Anguish: Basic Research and Clinical Trials
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
The prescription opioid crisis of overdosing and overprescribing has reached epic proportions, according to the North American media. Just last week, we learned that 91% of patients who survive opioid overdose are prescribed more opioids! The CDC calls it an epidemic, and notes there's been “a 200% increase in the rate of overdose deaths involving opioid pain relievers and heroin.” A recent paper in the Annual Review of Public Health labels it a “public health crisis” and proposes “int........ Read more »
Panksepp, J., & Yovell, Y. (2014) Preclinical Modeling of Primal Emotional Affects (SEEKING, PANIC and PLAY): Gateways to the Development of New Treatments for Depression. Psychopathology, 47(6), 383-393. DOI: 10.1159/000366208
Tenore, P. (2008) Psychotherapeutic Benefits of Opioid Agonist Therapy. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 27(3), 49-65. DOI: 10.1080/10550880802122646
Watt, D., & Panksepp, J. (2009) Depression: An Evolutionarily Conserved Mechanism to Terminate Separation Distress? A Review of Aminergic, Peptidergic, and Neural Network Perspectives. Neuropsychoanalysis, 11(1), 7-51. DOI: 10.1080/15294145.2009.10773593
Yovell, Y., Bar, G., Mashiah, M., Baruch, Y., Briskman, I., Asherov, J., Lotan, A., Rigbi, A., & Panksepp, J. (2015) Ultra-Low-Dose Buprenorphine as a Time-Limited Treatment for Severe Suicidal Ideation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040535
- January 6, 2016
- 02:38 PM
- 547 views
A famous fungal family born of war, fruit markets, and deadly radiation
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
During World War II, while physicists and chemists worked to develop the atomic bomb and improve synthetic rubber, microbiologists at the newly established Northern Regional Research Laboratory (NRRL) in Peoria, Illinois were tasked with figuring out how to mass-produce penicillin.This drug, prized for its high toxicity to bacteria (at least those not resistant to it) and low toxicity to humans, was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928. He isolated it from a blue-green mould (essentially........ Read more »
Hoff B, Pöggeler S, & Kück U. (2008) Eighty years after its discovery, Fleming's Penicillium strain discloses the secret of its sex. Eukaryotic Cell, 7(3), 465-470. PMID: 18223118
Raper K. (1946) The development of improved penicillin-producing molds. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 48(2), 41-56. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1946.tb31753.x
- January 4, 2016
- 05:32 PM
- 272 views
Second Protein Target of Aspirin Metabolite Identified
by Marie Benz in MedicalResearch.com
MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Prof. Daniel F. Klessig Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University, Ithaca, New York MedicalResearch: What is the background for this study? Prof. Klessig: Acetyl salicylic acid, commonly called aspirin, … Continue reading →
The post Second Protein Target of Aspirin Metabolite Identified appeared first on MedicalResearch.com.
... Read more »
Prof. Daniel F. Klessig. (2016) Second Enzyme Target of Aspirin Metabolite Identified. MedicalResearch.com. info:/
- December 30, 2015
- 10:15 AM
- 791 views
One Myrrh-aculous Christmas Gift
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
In years gone by, myrrh made a great gift. It was known to be anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory. It was woven into mythology, as Myrrha, turned into a myrrh tree, gave birth to Adonis. What the ancients didn’t know was that 2000 years later we would find that constituents of myrrh would be important in curing cancer.... Read more »
Xu, H., Xu, L., Li, L., Fu, J., & Mao, X. (2012) Reversion of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by guggulsterone in multidrug-resistant human cancer cell lines. European Journal of Pharmacology, 694(1-3), 39-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.06.046
Wang, W., Uen, Y., Chang, M., Cheah, K., Li, J., Yu, W., Lee, K., Choy, C., & Hu, C. (2012) Protective effect of guggulsterone against cardiomyocyte injury induced by doxorubicin in vitro. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 12(1), 138. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-138
de Rapper, S., Van Vuuren, S., Kamatou, G., Viljoen, A., & Dagne, E. (2012) The additive and synergistic antimicrobial effects of select frankincense and myrrh oils - a combination from the pharaonic pharmacopoeia. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 54(4), 352-358. DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2012.03216.x
- December 29, 2015
- 07:04 AM
- 747 views
Social Pain Revisited: Opioids for Severe Suicidal Ideation
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Does the pain of mental anguish rely on the same neural machinery as physical pain? Can we treat these dreaded ailments with the same medications? These issues have come to the fore in the field of social/cognitive/affective neuroscience.As many readers know, Lieberman and Eisenberger (2015) recently published a controversial paper claiming that a brain region called the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC, shown above) is “selective” for pain.1 This finding fits with their long-time narr........ Read more »
Panksepp, J., & Yovell, Y. (2014) Preclinical Modeling of Primal Emotional Affects (SEEKING, PANIC and PLAY): Gateways to the Development of New Treatments for Depression. Psychopathology, 47(6), 383-393. DOI: 10.1159/000366208
Woo CW, Koban L, Kross E, Lindquist MA, Banich MT, Ruzic L, Andrews-Hanna JR, & Wager TD. (2014) Separate neural representations for physical pain and social rejection. Nature communications, 5380. PMID: 25400102
Yovell, Y., Bar, G., Mashiah, M., Baruch, Y., Briskman, I., Asherov, J., Lotan, A., Rigbi, A., & Panksepp, J. (2015) Ultra-Low-Dose Buprenorphine as a Time-Limited Treatment for Severe Suicidal Ideation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Psychiatry. DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040535
- December 23, 2015
- 07:20 AM
- 634 views
The Resin For the Season
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
Frankincense was important in many religions, recent evidence indicates that frankincense contains a psychoactive agent that increases feelings of well-being, this may be the key to the resin’s use in sacred rites and rituals. We are finding that other components of the resin are powerful anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. Unfortunately, overharvesting, climate change, and even low genetic diversity are threatening the species that gives us this special resin. ... Read more »
Takahashi, M., Sung, B., Shen, Y., Hur, K., Link, A., Boland, C., Aggarwal, B., & Goel, A. (2012) Boswellic acid exerts antitumor effects in colorectal cancer cells by modulating expression of the let-7 and miR-200 microRNA family. Carcinogenesis, 33(12), 2441-2449. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs286
Moussaieff, A., Gross, M., Nesher, E., Tikhonov, T., Yadid, G., & Pinhasov, A. (2012) Incensole acetate reduces depressive-like behavior and modulates hippocampal BDNF and CRF expression of submissive animals. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 26(12), 1584-1593. DOI: 10.1177/0269881112458729
Coppi, A., Cecchi, L., Selvi, F., & Raffaelli, M. (2010) The Frankincense tree (Boswellia sacra, Burseraceae) from Oman: ITS and ISSR analyses of genetic diversity and implications for conservation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 57(7), 1041-1052. DOI: 10.1007/s10722-010-9546-8
- December 9, 2015
- 08:05 AM
- 897 views
Snow Saves Lives
by Mark Lasbury in As Many Exceptions As Rules
It may be warm for December, but the snow is coming. Recent studies are showing the unique ways that organisms depend on and use snow in order to survive. An antifreeze protein from snow fleas may lengthen the time that organs can be stored for transplant. More amazing, reindeer use the UV rays that bounce of the snow to see predators – they are the only mammals that can see in the UV range.... Read more »
Hogg C, Neveu M, Stokkan KA, Folkow L, Cottrill P, Douglas R, Hunt DM, & Jeffery G. (2011) Arctic reindeer extend their visual range into the ultraviolet. The Journal of experimental biology, 214(Pt 12), 2014-9. PMID: 21613517
Kondo H, Hanada Y, Sugimoto H, Hoshino T, Garnham CP, Davies PL, & Tsuda S. (2012) Ice-binding site of snow mold fungus antifreeze protein deviates from structural regularity and high conservation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(24), 9360-5. PMID: 22645341
Pentelute BL, Gates ZP, Dashnau JL, Vanderkooi JM, & Kent SB. (2008) Mirror image forms of snow flea antifreeze protein prepared by total chemical synthesis have identical antifreeze activities. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130(30), 9702-7. PMID: 18598026
Kuwabara C, Takezawa D, Shimada T, Hamada T, Fujikawa S, & Arakawa K. (2002) Abscisic acid- and cold-induced thaumatin-like protein in winter wheat has an antifungal activity against snow mould, Microdochium nivale. Physiologia plantarum, 115(1), 101-110. PMID: 12010473
- December 7, 2015
- 11:38 AM
- 495 views
That time we used a blue bacterium to kill its relatives
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
In the time before penicillin or sulfa drugs, people used natural substances such as honey or plant oils to combat bacterial infections. I've written about a couple of these already, but it turns out I missed an important one. It's important because it represents one of the earliest efforts to turn the antibacterial weapons possessed by microbes against themselves, an approach that has yielded most of the antibacterial drugs we depend on today.Way back in the 1890s, researchers discovered they c........ Read more »
Poindexter HA. (1947) Status of subtilin and pyocyanine as antibiotics. Journal of the National Medical Association, 39(6), 241-248. PMID: 18896048
- December 2, 2015
- 11:20 AM
- 612 views
The dancing eyes of coal miners and deuterium drinkers
by Rosin Cerate in Rosin Cerate
I once took an overnight bus from Toronto to NYC. While certainly an inexpensive means of transport, it's crap having to disembark at the border and be shuffled through security just as you're settling in for the ride. Yet, if you're like me, the worst is still to come. I'm an eternal optimist when it comes to sleeping while travelling. Transatlantic flight? No problem, I'll just pack my inflatable neck pillow, pop a Benadryl, and snooze the time away. In practice, this of course doesn't work an........ Read more »
Fishman RS. (2006) Dark as a dungeon: The rise and fall of coal miners' nystagmus. Archives of Ophthalmology, 124(11), 1637-44. PMID: 17102014
Money KE, & Myles WS. (1974) Heavy water nystagmus and effects of alcohol. Nature, 247(5440), 404-5. PMID: 4544739
- November 30, 2015
- 07:01 AM
- 567 views
How Spicy Would You Like That Chemotherapy?
by Shane Caldwell in Helical Translations
A molecule from chili peppers can be modified to bind to a protein involved in cancer progression. How would a molecule similar to hot pepper spice be used to fight cancer?... Read more »
Elumalai N, Berg A, Rubner S, & Berg T. (2015) Phosphorylation of Capsaicinoid Derivatives Provides Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitors of the Transcription Factor STAT5b. ACS chemical biology. PMID: 26469307
- November 29, 2015
- 01:41 PM
- 495 views
It is possible to develop successful HIV vaccine
by B V Waghmare in HIV virus and antiretroviral drugs and antiAIDS vaccine research and developmets
Antibodies developed in HIV infected individuals do not protect them against further proliferation of HIV, but protect proliferation of HIV in animals.
That means it is possible to develop a vaccine which will completely protect human from HIV infection.... Read more »
B V Waghmare. (2015) HIV Vaccine heading toward success. Combination of HIV neutralizing antibodies and Nanoparticle protien eOD-GT8 60mer are good hope for getting a effective anti HIV vaccine. http://bvwaghmare.blogspot.com. info:/
- November 26, 2015
- 01:25 PM
- 681 views
Gobble Up Some Facts About Turkeys
by Bill Sullivan in The 'Scope
Be the highlight of Thanksgiving dinner conversation after you learn these fascinating facts about turkeys!... Read more »
Russo, E., Scicchitano, F., Citraro, R., Aiello, R., Camastra, C., Mainardi, P., Chimirri, S., Perucca, E., Donato, G., & De Sarro, G. (2012) Protective activity of α-lactoalbumin (ALAC), a whey protein rich in tryptophan, in rodent models of epileptogenesis. Neuroscience, 282-288. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.021
Bruce KR, Steiger H, Young SN, Kin NM, Israël M, & Lévesque M. (2009) Impact of acute tryptophan depletion on mood and eating-related urges in bulimic and nonbulimic women. Journal of psychiatry , 34(5), 376-82. PMID: 19721848
- November 25, 2015
- 10:15 AM
- 595 views
The Fatal Flaw in Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR
by Rogue Medic in Rogue Medic
This is not a study that has a valid control group to determine if there is any benefit from ventilation. There is no group that does not receive ventilations, so it is like a study of one type of blood-letting vs. another type of blood-letting with the researchers taking for granted that blood-letting does improve outcomes. That is not a problem if blood-letting actually improves outcomes.
Should we take it for granted that blood-letting improves outcomes and that the only hypothesis worth s........ Read more »
Nichol, G., Leroux, B., Wang, H., Callaway, C., Sopko, G., Weisfeldt, M., Stiell, I., Morrison, L., Aufderheide, T., Cheskes, S.... (2015) Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR. New England Journal of Medicine, 2147483647. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1509139
Alldredge BK,, Gelb AM,, Isaacs SM,, Corry MD,, Allen F,, Ulrich S,, Gottwald MD,, O’Neil N,, Neuhaus JM,, Segal MR,.... (2001) A Comparison of Lorazepam, Diazepam, and Placebo for the Treatment of Out-of-Hospital Status Epilepticus. New England Journal of Medicine, 345(25), 1860-1860. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200112203452521
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