All posts; Tags Include "Clinical Research"
- February 20, 2014
- 10:17 PM
- 855 views
Increasing Knowledge of HIV Transmission: An Important Ingredient in HIV Risk Reduction among Young African American Women Attending Community College
by JAID in JScholar Publishers
HIV/AIDS is currently the leading cause of death for African American women ages 25-34. As heterosexual behavior is the major mode of HIV transmission among this population, it is important to further understand the factors which may influence risky sexual behaviors and promote HIV testing behaviors. The target population for this study represents the convergence of two groups disproportionately at-risk for contracting HIV: African American women and college students. Specifically, the purpose o........ Read more »
Keisha Carr Paxton*, Brandilynn Villarreal, Oku OO, Naomi M Hall. (2013) Increasing Knowledge of HIV Transmission: An Important Ingredient in HIV Risk Reduction among Young African American Women Attending Community College. Journal of HIV/AIDS , 1(2), 1-7. info:/Vol 1: 201
- February 20, 2014
- 09:16 AM
- 700 views
Exercise as a Treatment Following Stroke
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Exercise appears to be therapeutic in treatment of a variety of medical conditions.However, the relative magnitude of the effect of exercise is less well documented. Comparing the magnitude of the therapeutic effect of exercise with that of common drug interventions can be quite informative.Such comparisons provide insight into the relative value of exercise and the role of exercise in comprehensive treatment planning.Huseyin Naci and John Ioannidis recently published a study of the compara........ Read more »
Naci H, & Ioannidis JP. (2013) Comparative effectiveness of exercise and drug interventions on mortality outcomes: metaepidemiological study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). PMID: 24473061
- February 17, 2014
- 08:02 AM
- 737 views
Acute Brain Response to Exercise in Healthy Young Adults
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
This month I have been reviewing recent research on the effects of exercise on the brain.Exercise appears to have both acute and chronic effects on brain physiology and function. Newer imaging techniques provide sensitive tools to study exercise and the brain.Bradley Macintosh and colleagues recently paired an aerobic exercise task with measurements of cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen utilization.The key elements of the design of their experiment included the following elements:Subjects........ Read more »
Macintosh BJ, Crane DE, Sage MD, Rajab AS, Donahue MJ, McIlroy WE, & Middleton LE. (2014) Impact of a single bout of aerobic exercise on regional brain perfusion and activation responses in healthy young adults. PloS one, 9(1). PMID: 24416356
- February 13, 2014
- 12:20 AM
- 718 views
A Putative Role of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATPs) In Cell Survival of Hormone-Dependent Breast and Prostate Cancers
by JCRTO in JScholar Publishers
Transporter proteins classified into the solute carrier (SLC) superfamily are essential for import of nutrients for cell survival in organisms. In the last two decades, compelling evidence has accumulated that SLC transporters interact with clinically important anticancer agents and contribute to their pharmacokinetics, particularly the biopharmaceutical processes of absorption, elimination and distribution. Furthermore, many SLC transporters have been shown to be differentially upregulated in c........ Read more »
Takeo Nakanishi*, Ikumi Tamai. (2013) A Putative Role of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATPs) In Cell Survival of Hormone-Dependent Breast and Prostate Cancers. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutic Oncology, 1(1), 1-6. info:other/1:101
- February 11, 2014
- 11:11 PM
- 630 views
(DE) -Ubiquitination in The TGF-β Pathway
by JCRTO in JScholar Publishers
Aberrations in the enzymes that modify ubiquitin moieties have been observed to cause a myriad of diseases, including cancer. Therefore a better understanding of these enzymes and their substrates will lead to the identification of prospective druggable targets. Here we discuss the role of ubiquitin modifying enzymes in the canonical TGF-β pathway highlighting the ubiquitin regulating enzymes, which may potentially be targeted by small molecule inhibitors.
... Read more »
Prasanna Vasudevan Iyengar, Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn*. (2013) (DE) -Ubiquitination in The TGF-ß Pathway. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutic Oncology, 1(1), 1-6. info:other/1:102
- February 11, 2014
- 08:33 AM
- 627 views
Exercise and a Healthy Hippocampus in Middle Age
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The beneficial effects of exercise on the brain has received significant research attention in children and older adults.Fewer research studies target young and middle aged adults.William Killgore and colleagues recently addressed this population in a study published in Scientific Reports.They preformed a cross-sectional correlation study of brain structure and self-reported exercise habits.Sixty one men and women between the ages of 18 and 45 years of age were recruited for the study.Subjects w........ Read more »
Killgore WD, Olson EA, & Weber M. (2013) Physical exercise habits correlate with gray matter volume of the hippocampus in healthy adult humans. Scientific reports, 3457. PMID: 24336512
- February 10, 2014
- 11:53 PM
- 667 views
Exploring New Strategies to Monitor Autophagy and Related Cell Death Pathways Using Raman Spectroscopy
by JCRTO in JScholar Publishers
Macroautophagy, (heretofore referred to as autophagy) is thought to play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and tumor cell survival. Autophagy is a self-degradative cellular process that recycles intracellular components such as proteins and lipids, and may also be used to clear extraneous or damaged organelles. Through this process, metabolites such as amino acids or fatty acids can be liberated for use by the cell. While basal levels of autophagy are required for cellular homeostasis, autophagy i........ Read more »
Martin Isabelle, Vincent I Poon, Zoe V Petropoulos, Samantha J Harder, Julian J Lum*. (2013) Exploring New Strategies to Monitor Autophagy and Related Cell Death Pathways Using Raman Spectroscopy. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutic Oncology, 1(1), 1-5. info:other/1:103
- February 9, 2014
- 11:26 PM
- 594 views
Multiple Functional Motifs Are Required for the Tumor Suppressor Activity of a Constitutively-Active ErbB4 Mutant
by JCRTO in JScholar Publishers
ErbB4 (HER4) is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which includes the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), ErbB2 (HER2/Neu), and ErbB3 (HER3). Mounting evidence indicates that ErbB4, unlike EGFR or ErbB2, functions as a tumor suppressor in many human malignancies. Previous analyses of the constitutively-dimerized and –active ErbB4 Q646C mutant indicate that ErbB4 kinase activity and phosphorylation of ErbB4 Tyr1056 are both required for the tumor suppressor........ Read more »
Richard M. Gallo#, Ianthe N. Bryant#, Christopher P. Mill, Steven Kaverman, David J. Riese II*. (2013) Multiple Functional Motifs Are Required for the Tumor Suppressor Activity of a Constitutively-Active ErbB4 Mutant. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutic Oncology, 1(1), 1-10. info:other/1:104
- February 9, 2014
- 09:52 AM
- 1,100 views
Gene therapy for the heart
My post today is about state-of-the-art gene therapy that delivers genes straight to heart, where the genes activate proteins critical in restoring cardiac tissue in people affected by heart failure. The technique, developed at the Cardiovascular Research Center at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, is undergoing clinical trial.Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Heart failure--a condition by which the heart weakens and no longer pumps blood efficiently througho........ Read more »
Tilemann L, Lee A, Ishikawa K, Aguero J, Rapti K, Santos-Gallego C, Kohlbrenner E, Fish KM, Kho C, & Hajjar RJ. (2013) SUMO-1 gene transfer improves cardiac function in a large-animal model of heart failure. Science translational medicine, 5(211). PMID: 24225946
Yang L, & Xiao X. (2013) Creation of a cardiotropic adeno-associated virus: the story of viral directed evolution. Virology journal, 50. PMID: 23394344
- February 7, 2014
- 10:24 AM
- 575 views
Developing a predictive biomarker for PARP inhibition
by Sally Church in Pharma Strategy Blog
Today’s Science Friday post looks at the identification of a potential new biomarker and possible strategies for expanding use of…
... Read more »
Bajrami I, Frankum JR, Konde A, Miller RE, Rehman FL, Brough R, Campbell J, Sims D, Rafiq R, Hooper S.... (2014) Genome-wide Profiling of Genetic Synthetic Lethality Identifies CDK12 as a Novel Determinant of PARP1/2 Inhibitor Sensitivity. Cancer research, 74(1), 287-97. PMID: 24240700
- February 7, 2014
- 07:20 AM
- 619 views
Bone Marrow-Derived Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Contribute to ENOS-Regulated Endothelial Repair and Vasodilation after Arterial Injury In Vivo
by JCVM in JScholar Publishers
Endothelial Nitric Oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)-produced NO plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Bone marrow-derived circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) recently emerged as an important marker of vascular health and contribute to endothelial repair after arterial injury.
BM-derived circulating EPCs are closely involved in eNOS-regulated endothelial repair and vascular function after arterial injury. This finding enriches our understandings of the important role ........ Read more »
Junlei Chang, Dmitriy N. Atochin, Qian Li, Karen S.L. Lam, Aimin Xu, Paul L. Huang*. (2013) Bone Marrow-Derived Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Contribute to ENOS-Regulated Endothelial Repair and Vasodilation after Arterial Injury In Vivo. Journal of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, 1(1), 1-8. info:other/
- February 5, 2014
- 10:18 AM
- 719 views
Exercise Trial for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Current drug treatments for cognitive impairment and dementia show limited effectiveness.Alternative adjunctive treatments in those with early cognitive impairment are needed.In a previous post, I outlined a review of what we know about exercise and cognition in elderly populations.An additional study is relevant to this topic and important.Takao Suzuki and colleagues in Japan conducted a randomized controlled trial of multicomponent exercise in older adults with evidence of mild cognitive impai........ Read more »
Suzuki T, Shimada H, Makizako H, Doi T, Yoshida D, Ito K, Shimokata H, Washimi Y, Endo H, & Kato T. (2013) A randomized controlled trial of multicomponent exercise in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. PloS one, 8(4). PMID: 23585901
- February 4, 2014
- 10:21 PM
- 496 views
Morphometric Image Analysis as a Tool in the Diagnosis of Transected Squamous Neoplasms
by JScholar Publishers in JScholar Publishers
Superficial skin biopsies are common in dermatopathology specimens and can pose a diagnostic challenge especially in cosmetic sensitive areas such as the face.
When broadly transected so that the base of the lesion is not visualized, well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), hypertrophic actinic keratoses (HAK), irritated seborrheic keratoses (ISK), and verruca vulgaris (VV) can look quite similar on light microscopic examination.
Visit the following link for full text of the art........ Read more »
Kumaran Mudaliar , Kelli Hutchens,. (2013) Morphometric Image Analysis as a Tool in the Diagnosis of Transected Squamous Neoplasms. Journal of Clinical and Anatomic Pathology, 1(1), 1-5. info:other/
- February 4, 2014
- 04:06 AM
- 578 views
Clinicopathologic Aspects of Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Pediatric Patients a Case Series and Review of the Literature
by JScholar Publishers in JScholar Publishers
Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a cutaneous lesion classically associated with potentially fatal pseudomonal septicemia in immunocompromised patients. Other bacterial and fungal pathogens have also been implicated in EG. Although EG typically occurs in neutropenic or immunocompromised patients, it can occasionally affect previously healthy children.
The cutaneous findings are characteristic with small indurated papulovesicles progressing rapidly to necrotic ulcers with surrounding erythema and a ce........ Read more »
Julianna J. Weiel, Cathryn Z. Zhang, Jessica A. Smith, Wei Wang, Jason DuPont, Fangru Lian*. (2013) Clinicopathologic Aspects of Ecthyma Gangrenosum in Pediatric Patients a Case Series and Review of the Literature. Journal of Clinical and Anatomic Pathology, 1(1), 1-5. info:other/
- February 3, 2014
- 10:12 AM
- 840 views
Aging, Exercise and Brain Plasticity
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Over the next month, I will be focusing on the effects of exercise on the brain.This topic is important for several reasons. Exercise appears to play a preventive role in the effects of brain aging in normal adults.Exercise may aid in the slowing of progression of brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.Exercise is a promising adjunct to treatment of a variety of other brain disorders including depression and anxiety disorder.For this post, I want to highlight wh........ Read more »
Erickson KI, Gildengers AG, & Butters MA. (2013) Physical activity and brain plasticity in late adulthood. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 15(1), 99-108. PMID: 23576893
- January 31, 2014
- 12:38 PM
- 517 views
Update on RAF resistance in metastatic melanoma
by Sally Church in Pharma Strategy Blog
“RAF inhibitors (vemurafenib and dabrafenib) have profound clinical activity in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma, but their therapeutic effects are limited…
... Read more »
Solit DB, & Rosen N. (2014) Towards a Unified Model of RAF Inhibitor Resistance. Cancer discovery, 4(1), 27-30. PMID: 24402945
Shi H, Hugo W, Kong X, Hong A, Koya RC, Moriceau G, Chodon T, Guo R, Johnson DB, Dahlman KB.... (2014) Acquired Resistance and Clonal Evolution in Melanoma during BRAF Inhibitor Therapy. Cancer discovery, 4(1), 80-93. PMID: 24265155
Van Allen EM, Wagle N, Sucker A, Treacy DJ, Johannessen CM, Goetz EM, Place CS, Taylor-Weiner A, Whittaker S, Kryukov GV.... (2014) The Genetic Landscape of Clinical Resistance to RAF Inhibition in Metastatic Melanoma. Cancer discovery, 4(1), 94-109. PMID: 24265153
Wagle N, Van Allen EM, Treacy DJ, Frederick DT, Cooper ZA, Taylor-Weiner A, Rosenberg M, Goetz EM, Sullivan RJ, Farlow DN.... (2014) MAP Kinase Pathway Alterations in BRAF-Mutant Melanoma Patients with Acquired Resistance to Combined RAF/MEK Inhibition. Cancer discovery, 4(1), 61-8. PMID: 24265154
Das Thakur M, Salangsang F, Landman AS, Sellers WR, Pryer NK, Levesque MP, Dummer R, McMahon M, & Stuart DD. (2013) Modelling vemurafenib resistance in melanoma reveals a strategy to forestall drug resistance. Nature, 494(7436), 251-5. PMID: 23302800
- January 30, 2014
- 07:21 AM
- 844 views
EU's PM2.5 Limit Festering: New Study Linked PM with Heart Attack
by Imtiaz Ibne Alam in Medical-Reference - A Pioneer in Medical Blogging
Air pollution is a significant determinant of human health. Over the past decades, studies conducted in various parts of the world documented a number of hazardous effects of ambient air pollution on health.
The adverse effects of particulate matter (PM) on health are especially well documented. However, while there is no evident and appropriate safe level of exposure, ...... Read more »
Cesaroni G, Forastiere F, Stafoggia M, Andersen ZJ, Badaloni C, Beelen R, Caracciolo B, de Faire U, Erbel R, Eriksen KT.... (2014) Long term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of acute coronary events: prospective cohort study and meta-analysis in 11 European cohorts from the ESCAPE Project. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). PMID: 24452269
- January 28, 2014
- 06:38 AM
- 741 views
Geneticaly developed toxin destroy HIV carrying lymphocytes
by B V Waghmare in HIV virus and antiretroviral drugs and antiAIDS vaccine research and developmets
Drug that destroy HIV carrying lymphocytes; can impart complete treatment so that patient will not have to take antiretroviral drugs through out life as after certain period after attaining nill HIV count discontinuation of antiretroviral drug therapy there will be no hidden HIV virus in human body cells lymphocytes that relapse HIV infection and reproduce HIV count. ... Read more »
B V Waghmare. (2014) Drug that destroy HIV carrying lymphocytes; will result in complete treatment that will not require to taking antiretroviral drugs through out life. . http://bvwaghmare.blogspot.com. info:/
- January 27, 2014
- 08:09 AM
- 669 views
Vagal Nerve Blockade in Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
One of the potential advances in diabetes management is modulation of the vagus nerve.The vagus nerve appears to influence a variety of physiological factors related to calorie intake, metabolism and blood glucose control.Severing the vagus nerve (vagotomy) results in weight loss and increased satiety but can cause gastric retention.An implantable device that can intermittently block vagal nerves may provide favorable metabolic modulation without the adverse effects of vagotomy.An initial study ........ Read more »
Shikora S, Toouli J, Herrera MF, Kulseng B, Zulewski H, Brancatisano R, Kow L, Pantoja JP, Johnsen G, Brancatisano A.... (2013) Vagal blocking improves glycemic control and elevated blood pressure in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of obesity, 245683. PMID: 23984050
Sarr MG, Billington CJ, Brancatisano R, Brancatisano A, Toouli J, Kow L, Nguyen NT, Blackstone R, Maher JW, Shikora S.... (2012) The EMPOWER study: randomized, prospective, double-blind, multicenter trial of vagal blockade to induce weight loss in morbid obesity. Obesity surgery, 22(11), 1771-82. PMID: 22956251
- January 20, 2014
- 05:20 PM
- 508 views
Resveratrol or Its Metabolites Modulate TNF-α And IL-13 Mediated Changes In IL-8 and Acidic Mammalian Chitinase In Cultured Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells
by JScholar Publishers in JScholar Publishers
Chronic inflammation is implicated in the etiology of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), the leading cause of death among men and women. Accordingly, the discovery of inflammation biomarkers, identification of agents with anti-inflammation properties, and studies of their anti-CVD and cardioprotective mechanisms are of significant interest. Previously, we reported that in cultured Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells (HPAEC), treatment by grape phytochemicals resveratrol and piceatannol significa........ Read more »
Ching-Jen Yang, Tze-chen Hsieh, Susan C. Olson, Joseph M. Wu. (2013) Resveratrol or Its Metabolites Modulate TNF-α And IL-13 Mediated Changes In IL-8 and Acidic Mammalian Chitinase In Cultured Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells. Journal of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, 1(1), 1-8. info:other/
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