All posts; Tags Include "Psychiatry"
- December 29, 2014
- 01:11 PM
- 766 views
Smartphone Apps for the Treatment of Eating Disorders
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
As of January 2014, over 50% of adults in the United States own a smartphone; unsurprisingly, there has been a growth in the number of mobile applications (apps) aimed at providing health care services for various mental (and physical) health problems, including eating disorders. The purpose of mobile health technologies is to utilize the functionality of smartphones to deliver a wide range of health services, including providing psychoeducation, treatment services and/or recovery support.
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Juarascio AS, Manasse SM, Goldstein SP, Forman EM, & Butryn ML. (2014) Review of Smartphone Applications for the Treatment of Eating Disorders. European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association. PMID: 25303148
- December 22, 2014
- 12:32 AM
- 633 views
Go to Bed Early and Cure Your Negative Ruminations!
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
Source: Alyssa L. Miller, Flickr.For nearly 9 years, this blog has been harping on the blight of overblown press releases, with posts like:Irresponsible Press Release Gives False Hope to People With Tourette's, OCD, and SchizophreniaPress Release: Press Releases Are PrestidigitationNew research provides fresh evidence that bogus press releases may depend largely on our biological make-upSave Us From Misleading Press Releasesetc.So it was heartening to see a team of UK researchers formally evalua........ Read more »
Nota, J., & Coles, M. (2014) Duration and Timing of Sleep are Associated with Repetitive Negative Thinking. Cognitive Therapy and Research. DOI: 10.1007/s10608-014-9651-7
Sumner, P., Vivian-Griffiths, S., Boivin, J., Williams, A., Venetis, C., Davies, A., Ogden, J., Whelan, L., Hughes, B., Dalton, B.... (2014) The association between exaggeration in health related science news and academic press releases: retrospective observational study. BMJ, 349(dec09 7). DOI: 10.1136/bmj.g7015
- December 15, 2014
- 08:42 AM
- 705 views
Who is Getting High in Europe (and Where)?
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
My research training is in psychiatric epidemiology. Alcohol and drug dependence have been two of my topic areas of research.So I found a recent novel study of the epidemiology of illicit drug use in Europe intriguing.Typical methods of looking for the prevalence of drug use in populations are direct diagnostic interviews and studies of emergency room attendees or autopsy cases with medical complications of drug use.However, Christopher Ort from Switzerland along with a host of European col........ Read more »
Ort C, van Nuijs AL, Berset JD, Bijlsma L, Castiglioni S, Covaci A, de Voogt P, Emke E, Fatta-Kassinos D, Griffiths P.... (2014) Spatial differences and temporal changes in illicit drug use in Europe quantified by wastewater analysis. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 109(8), 1338-52. PMID: 24861844
- December 13, 2014
- 01:45 PM
- 560 views
Making Connections: Peer Support and Eating Disorder Recovery
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
I feel like a broken record when I say that we continue to lack an evidence base for most “alternative” forms of support for eating disorders. As I’ve noted in prior posts, just because something is not evidence based does not mean it does not work for anyone; often, an evidence base is established when researchers can secure enough funding to run a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) that would act as evidence.
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Perez M, Van Diest AK, & Cutts S. (2014) Preliminary examination of a mentor-based program for eating disorders. Journal of eating disorders, 2(1), 24. PMID: 25426293
- December 10, 2014
- 11:46 AM
- 594 views
Prescription Opiate Abuse: High-Risk Populations
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Prescription opiate abuse is a significant problem in the United States.I have previously written about this issue in several previous posts.One important factor for clinicians and patients is the need to identify high-risk populations that may be more vulnerable to opiate abuse and dependence.One obvious group would be those with alcohol or another non-opiate abuse diagnosis. Additionally, some psychiatric disorders are associated with increased risk for substance abuse including opiate abuse.G........ Read more »
Hackman DT, Greene MS, Fernandes TJ, Brown AM, Wright ER, & Chambers RA. (2014) Prescription drug monitoring program inquiry in psychiatric assessment: detection of high rates of opioid prescribing to a dual diagnosis population. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 75(7), 750-6. PMID: 25093472
- December 10, 2014
- 11:06 AM
- 578 views
Incentives in the Treatment of Cocaine Dependence
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Relapse rates are high in treatment samples of adults with cocaine dependence.Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common standard of care for cocaine dependence.A recent clinical trial from Switzerland examined the use of financial prize incentives to augment standard CBT in the treatment of cocaine dependence.Sixty subjects participated in this trial with the following inclusion criteria: least 18 years of age, had a DSM-IV diagnosis of cocaine dependence with at least one po........ Read more »
Petitjean SA, Dürsteler-MacFarland KM, Krokar MC, Strasser J, Mueller SE, Degen B, Trombini MV, Vogel M, Walter M, Wiesbeck GA.... (2014) A randomized, controlled trial of combined cognitive-behavioral therapy plus prize-based contingency management for cocaine dependence. Drug and alcohol dependence, 94-100. PMID: 25456571
- December 5, 2014
- 08:27 AM
- 578 views
Treating Severe Anorexia Nervosa In The Community
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
Can treatment for severe anorexia nervosa be delivered safely in a community setting? According to a recent paper by Calum Munro and colleagues (2014, open access), the answer is yes.
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Munro, C., Thomson, V., Corr, J., Randell, L., Davies, J., Gittoes, C., Honeyman, V., & Freeman, C. (2014) A new service model for the treatment of severe anorexia nervosa in the community: the Anorexia Nervosa Intensive Treatment Team. Psychiatric Bulletin, 38(5), 220-225. DOI: 10.1192/pb.bp.113.044818
- December 1, 2014
- 12:09 PM
- 620 views
Common Genes in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Finding a specific genes linked to specific neuropsychiatric disorders has been a key research strategy.However, this strategy has not been entirely successful.One problem with this unitary approach is the diagnostic overlap and comorbidity common to neuropsychiatric disorders such as mood disorders and autism.A promising alternative strategy is to focus on genes that share risk with more than one neuropsychiatric condition.Amit Lotan from Israel along with colleagues from the Netherlands, Germa........ Read more »
Lotan A, Fenckova M, Bralten J, Alttoa A, Dixson L, Williams RW, & van der Voet M. (2014) Neuroinformatic analyses of common and distinct genetic components associated with major neuropsychiatric disorders. Frontiers in neuroscience, 331. PMID: 25414627
- November 28, 2014
- 04:57 PM
- 531 views
Fat Talk Free Zone: What is the Impact of Fat Talk on Body Dissatisfaction?
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
There has been a veritable explosion of “anti-fat talk” movements in the body image and eating disorder prevention realms over the past few years. Indeed, campaigns like the Tri-Delta Sorority Fat Talk Free week have become relatively well known. Events like the “Southern Smash,” where participants literally smash scales are other iterations of this social phenomenon encouraging a more positive conversation around bodies.
I am, of course, a fan of the idea that we shouldn’t put o........ Read more »
Sharpe H, Naumann U, Treasure J, & Schmidt U. (2013) Is fat talking a causal risk factor for body dissatisfaction? A systematic review and meta-analysis. The International journal of eating disorders, 46(7), 643-52. PMID: 23818118
- November 26, 2014
- 11:06 AM
- 677 views
Treatment Resistance in Eating Disorders
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Clinicians treating patients with eating disorders find the challenge great with many treatment-resistant cases.To some extent, this is true of any clinical disorder. Outpatient treatment rolls and inpatient samples are over-represented by those failing to respond to initial interventions.A medical example is helpful here. Endocrinologists specializing in diabetes see more complicated cases where glucose control is difficult and diabetic complications are common.Diabetics with easy glucose contr........ Read more »
Halmi, K. (2013) Perplexities of treatment resistence in eating disorders. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 292. DOI: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-292
- November 17, 2014
- 10:55 AM
- 676 views
Eating Disorders in Obesity: DSM-IV and DSM-5
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
The recent revision of the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) altered several eating disorder diagnostic criteria.Some have expressed concern that these revisions are overly broad and may result in over diagnosis in some clinical populations. One clinical population where this is a concern is obesity.A research study has been recently published addressing this issue.Jennifer Thomas and colleagues at Harvard University a........ Read more »
Thomas JJ, Koh KA, Eddy KT, Hartmann AS, Murray HB, Gorman MJ, Sogg S, & Becker AE. (2014) Do DSM-5 eating disorder criteria overpathologize normative eating patterns among individuals with obesity?. Journal of obesity, 320803. PMID: 25057413
- November 16, 2014
- 05:25 AM
- 626 views
Sleep & Life
by Viputheshwar Sitaraman in Draw Science
Science unveils the role of sleep in life, relationships and music. [Infographic]... Read more »
Troxel WM. (2010) It's more than sex: exploring the dyadic nature of sleep and implications for health. Psychosomatic medicine, 72(6), 578-86. PMID: 20467000
Putilov, A., Donskaya, O., & Verevkin, E. (2015) How many diurnal types are there? A search for two further “bird species”. Personality and Individual Differences, 12-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.08.003
Wang, C., Sun, Y., & Zang, H. (2014) Music therapy improves sleep quality in acute and chronic sleep disorders: A meta-analysis of 10 randomized studies. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(1), 51-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.03.008
- November 11, 2014
- 11:55 AM
- 812 views
Recovering from an Eating Disorder in a Society that Loves Fat Shaming (and Dieting)
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
Is ED recovery easier when your body is “normative or stereotypically desirable”? The anon asking the question implied that recovery could be more difficult because “an obese person … will never stop hearing hearing extremely triggering stuff about their body type.” Anon asked, “Have there been any studies on this?” Andrea tackled this question in her last post (it might be helpful to read it first if you haven’t yet); in this post, I........ Read more »
Berner, L.A., Shaw, J.A., Witt, A.A., & Lowe, M.R. (2013) The relation of weight suppression and body mass index to symptomatology and treatment response in anorexia nervosa. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122(3), 694-708. PMID: 24016010
Bulik, C.M., Marcus, M.D., Zerwas, S., Levine, M.D., & La Via, M. (2012) The changing "weightscape" of bulimia nervosa. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(10), 1031-6. PMID: 23032383
Lebow, J., Sim, L.A., & Kransdorf, L.N. (2014) Prevalence of a History of Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents With Restrictive Eating Disorders. The Journal of Adolescent Health. PMID: 25049202
McKisack, C., & Waller, G. (1997) Factors influencing the of group psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 22(1), 1-13. PMID: 9140730
Sim, L., Lebow, J., & Billings, M. (2013) Eating Disorders in Adolescents With a History of Obesity. PEDIATRICS, 132(4). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-3940
Wildes, J.E., & Marcus, M.D. (2012) Weight suppression as a predictor of weight gain and response to intensive behavioral treatment in patients with anorexia nervosa. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(4), 266-74. PMID: 22398152
- November 11, 2014
- 11:54 AM
- 602 views
Recovering from an Eating Disorder in a Society that Loves Fat Shaming (and Dieting)
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
Is ED recovery easier when your body is “normative or stereotypically desirable”? The anon asking the question implied that recovery could be more difficult because “an obese person … will never stop hearing hearing extremely triggering stuff about their body type.” Anon asked, “Have there been any studies on this?” Andrea tackled this question in her last post (it might be helpful to read it first if you haven’t yet); in this post, I will expand ........ Read more »
Berner, L.A., Shaw, J.A., Witt, A.A., & Lowe, M.R. (2013) The relation of weight suppression and body mass index to symptomatology and treatment response in anorexia nervosa. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122(3), 694-708. PMID: 24016010
Bulik, C.M., Marcus, M.D., Zerwas, S., Levine, M.D., & La Via, M. (2012) The changing "weightscape" of bulimia nervosa. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(10), 1031-6. PMID: 23032383
Lebow, J., Sim, L.A., & Kransdorf, L.N. (2014) Prevalence of a History of Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents With Restrictive Eating Disorders. The Journal of Adolescent Health. PMID: 25049202
McKisack, C., & Waller, G. (1997) Factors influencing the of group psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 22(1), 1-13. PMID: 9140730
Sim, L., Lebow, J., & Billings, M. (2013) Eating Disorders in Adolescents With a History of Obesity. PEDIATRICS, 132(4). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-3940
Wildes, J.E., & Marcus, M.D. (2012) Weight suppression as a predictor of weight gain and response to intensive behavioral treatment in patients with anorexia nervosa. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 50(4), 266-74. PMID: 22398152
- November 11, 2014
- 11:13 AM
- 633 views
Anorexia Nervosa: Brain Connectivity Abnormalities
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Functional magnetic resonance imaging is providing a new tool for understanding brain circuitry in normal brain development and in brain disorders. Anorexia nervosa is an restrictive calorie eating disorder often resistant to treatment.No effective drug treatment for anorexia nervosa currently exists and psychotherapy is often only partially effective. A better understanding of the brain pathophysiology in anorexia nervosa is needed to aid in treatment development.Stephanie Kullman along wi........ Read more »
Kullmann S, Giel KE, Teufel M, Thiel A, Zipfel S, & Preissl H. (2014) Aberrant network integrity of the inferior frontal cortex in women with anorexia nervosa. NeuroImage. Clinical, 615-22. PMID: 24936412
- November 10, 2014
- 10:05 AM
- 537 views
Eating Disorders Linked to Higher Autoimmune Disease Rates
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
There is increasing evidence for inflammation contributing to risk for a variety of psychiatric disorders.I previously summarized research supporting use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of depression.A recent study from Finland supports an inflammation link to the eating disorder categories.The key elements of the design of this study included:Subjects: 2342 subjects admitted for treatment in the Eating Disorders Unit at the central hospital in Finland. Four controls were identified ........ Read more »
Raevuori A, Haukka J, Vaarala O, Suvisaari JM, Gissler M, Grainger M, Linna MS, & Suokas JT. (2014) The increased risk for autoimmune diseases in patients with eating disorders. PloS one, 9(8). PMID: 25147950
- November 6, 2014
- 11:24 AM
- 483 views
Eating Disorder Recovery In a Non-Normative Body
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
Do you think it is easier for someone to recover from an ED when they have a more normative or stereotypically desirable body? Versus, say, an obese person who will never stop hearing extremely triggering stuff about their body type everywhere they turn? . . .
This post was originally written in response to the above question that was posed to Tetyana on the SEDs Tumblr (you can see the full question and Tetyana’s response here).
This is an interesting and timely question, and on........ Read more »
Meyer, D. (2005) Psychological Correlates of Help Seeking for Eating-Disorder Symptoms in Female College Students. Journal of College Counseling, 8(1), 20-30. DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2005.tb00069.x
Malson, H., Riley, S., & Markula, P. (2009) Beyond psychopathology: Interrogating (dis)orders of body weight and body management. Journal of Community , 19(5), 331-335. DOI: 10.1002/casp.1019
Becker AE, Hadley Arrindell A, Perloe A, Fay K, & Striegel-Moore RH. (2010) A qualitative study of perceived social barriers to care for eating disorders: perspectives from ethnically diverse health care consumers. The International journal of eating disorders, 43(7), 633-47. PMID: 19806607
- November 5, 2014
- 12:19 PM
- 606 views
Anorexia Nervosa as a Disorder of Perception
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
A key feature in anorexia nervosa is the disturbance in perception of the body.This perceptual disturbance is encapsulated in criteria 3 from DSM-5: "Disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low weight" Santino Guadio from Italy and colleagues recently published a nice summary of the support for body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa. This study focused ........ Read more »
Gaudio S, Brooks SJ, & Riva G. (2014) Nonvisual multisensory impairment of body perception in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review of neuropsychological studies. PloS one, 9(10). PMID: 25303480
- November 4, 2014
- 10:52 AM
- 673 views
Anorexia Nervosa: Fasting and Starvation Brain Effects
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Brain research in anorexia nervosa presents several challenges.Current knowledge of cognitive function in anorexia supports impairment in set shifting and global brain processing or central coherence.However, there are two issues that complicate understanding the underlying brain effects in anorexia nervosa.First, individuals with anorexia nervosa often have additional anxiety and mood disorders. It can be difficult to tease out the specific effects of anorexia nervosa from the effects of these ........ Read more »
Pender, S., Gilbert, S., & Serpell, L. (2014) The Neuropsychology of Starvation: Set-Shifting and Central Coherence in a Fasted Nonclinical Sample. PLoS ONE, 9(10). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110743
Billingsley-Marshall RL, Basso MR, Lund BC, Hernandez ER, Johnson CL, Drevets WC, McKee PA, & Yates WR. (2013) Executive function in eating disorders: the role of state anxiety. The International journal of eating disorders, 46(4), 316-21. PMID: 23354876
- October 31, 2014
- 12:05 PM
- 1,065 views
I Need How Many Calories? Caloric Needs in Bulimia Nervosa Patients
by Tetyana in Science of Eating Disorders
In the 1980s, a few studies came out suggesting that patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) require fewer calories for weight maintenance than anorexia nervosa patients (e.g., Newman, Halmi, & Marchi, 1987) and healthy female controls (e.g., Gwirtsman et al., 1989).
Gwirtsman et al. (1989), after finding that patients with bulimia nervosa required few calories for weight maintenance than healthy volunteers, had these suggestions for clinicians:
When bulimic patient........ Read more »
de Zwaan, M., Aslam, Z., & Mitchell, J.E. (2002) Research on energy expenditure in individuals with eating disorders: a review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31(4), 361-9. PMID: 11948641
Gwirtsman, H.E., Kaye, W.H., Obarzanek, E., George, D.T., Jimerson, D.C., & Ebert, M.H. (1989) Decreased caloric intake in normal-weight patients with bulimia: comparison with female volunteers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 49(1), 86-92. PMID: 2912015
Kotler LA, Devlin MJ, Matthews DE, & Walsh BT. (2001) Total energy expenditure as measured by doubly-labeled water in outpatients with bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29(4), 470-6. PMID: 11285585
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