All posts; Tags Include "Psychiatry"
- July 10, 2014
- 07:17 AM
- 713 views
Can a Failed Schizophrenia Drug Prevent PTSD?
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
In the 2000s, enthusiasm was high that a novel class of drugs would reach the market as blockbuster treatments for psychiatric disorders. These drugs act on receptors for a group of neuropeptides known as tachykinins (or neurokinins). These peptides — substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NkA), and neurokinin B (NkB) — function as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the central nervous system, but are quite different from the usual monoamines targeted by current psychotropic medications prescr........ Read more »
Andero, R., Dias, B., & Ressler, K. (2014) A Role for Tac2, NkB, and Nk3 Receptor in Normal and Dysregulated Fear Memory Consolidation. Neuron. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.028
Spooren, W., Riemer, C., & Meltzer, H. (2005) NK3 receptor antagonists: the next generation of antipsychotics?. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 4(12), 967-975. DOI: 10.1038/nrd1905
- July 9, 2014
- 01:18 AM
- 621 views
The Warrior Gene, Back from the Grave
by nooffensebut in The Unsilenced Science
Recently two meta-analyses on the gene, monoamine oxidase A, and its relationship with violence came to opposite conclusions. I review those studies and pose the questions that the scientists were too afraid to answer.... Read more »
Ficks CA, & Waldman ID. (2014) Candidate Genes for Aggression and Antisocial Behavior: A Meta-analysis of Association Studies of the 5HTTLPR and MAOA-uVNTR. Behavior genetics. PMID: 24902785
Vassos E, Collier DA, & Fazel S. (2014) Systematic meta-analyses and field synopsis of genetic association studies of violence and aggression. Molecular psychiatry, 19(4), 471-7. PMID: 23546171
- July 4, 2014
- 10:48 AM
- 855 views
Parents’ Income Poorly Predicts SAT Score
by nooffensebut in The Unsilenced Science
Here I publish my original study that disproves family income as an important influence on SAT scores, shows race as having its greatest influence on scores at the highest education and income levels, and provides some preliminary evidence for a hereditary influence.... Read more »
nooffensebut. (2014) Parents’ Income is a Poor Predictor of SAT Score. Open Differential Psychology, 1-19. info:other/
Bartels M, Rietveld MJ, Van Baal GC, & Boomsma DI. (2002) Heritability of educational achievement in 12-year-olds and the overlap with cognitive ability. Twin research : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies, 5(6), 544-53. PMID: 12573186
Buchmann, C., Condron, D., & Roscigno, V. (2010) Shadow Education, American Style: Test Preparation, the SAT and College Enrollment. Social Forces, 89(2), 435-461. DOI: 10.1353/sof.2010.0105
Duckworth AL, Quinn PD, Lynam DR, Loeber R, & Stouthamer-Loeber M. (2011) Role of test motivation in intelligence testing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(19), 7716-20. PMID: 21518867
Duncan, J., Seitz, R.J., Kolodny, J., Bor, D., Herzog, H., Ahmed, A., Newell, F.N., & Emslie, H. (2000) A Neural Basis for General Intelligence. Science, 289(5478), 457-460. DOI: 10.1126/science.289.5478.457
MacCallum RC, Wegener DT, Uchino BN, & Fabrigar LR. (1993) The problem of equivalent models in applications of covariance structure analysis. Psychological bulletin, 114(1), 185-99. PMID: 8346326
Marioni RE, Davies G, Hayward C, Liewald D, Kerr SM, Campbell A, Luciano M, Smith BH, Padmanabhan S, Hocking LJ.... (2014) Molecular genetic contributions to socioeconomic status and intelligence. Intelligence, 44(100), 26-32. PMID: 24944428
Sackett PR, Kuncel NR, Arneson JJ, Cooper SR, & Waters SD. (2009) Does socioeconomic status explain the relationship between admissions tests and post-secondary academic performance?. Psychological bulletin, 135(1), 1-22. PMID: 19210051
Sackett PR, Kuncel NR, Beatty AS, Rigdon JL, Shen W, & Kiger TB. (2012) The role of socioeconomic status in SAT-grade relationships and in college admissions decisions. Psychological science, 23(9), 1000-7. PMID: 22858524
Schmitt N, Keeney J, Oswald FL, Pleskac TJ, Billington AQ, Sinha R, & Zorzie M. (2009) Prediction of 4-year college student performance using cognitive and noncognitive predictors and the impact on demographic status of admitted students. The Journal of applied psychology, 94(6), 1479-97. PMID: 19916657
Shakeshaft NG, Trzaskowski M, McMillan A, Rimfeld K, Krapohl E, Haworth CM, Dale PS, & Plomin R. (2013) Strong genetic influence on a UK nationwide test of educational achievement at the end of compulsory education at age 16. PloS one, 8(12). PMID: 24349000
Trzaskowski M, Harlaar N, Arden R, Krapohl E, Rimfeld K, McMillan A, Dale PS, & Plomin R. (2014) Genetic influence on family socioeconomic status and children's intelligence. Intelligence, 42(100), 83-88. PMID: 24489417
- June 26, 2014
- 07:32 PM
- 701 views
The Dollars and Cents of Eating Disorders
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
I must admit that I cringe slightly every time I try to think about healthcare from an economics perspective. To me, this comes a little close to putting a dollar value on human beings, which feels uncomfortably post-humanistic to me. Nonetheless, there is no ignoring the ways in which economic concerns factor into policy decisions that drive our human services, including health care.
There are also a number of pragmatic reasons for thinking about the costs associated with illnesses; talki........ Read more »
Crow S. (2014) The economics of eating disorder treatment. Current psychiatry reports, 16(7), 454. PMID: 24817201
- June 21, 2014
- 12:20 PM
- 811 views
Not Just for Kids: Disordered Eating and Body Dissatisfaction in Midlife
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
When I tell people I research eating disorders I generally get one of three reactions:
They ask me how I got into this research
They tell me a story about themselves or a friend/family member suffering from an eating disorder
They share some knowledge they’ve gleaned at some point about what it looks like to have an eating disorder (often, “aren’t eating disorders most common in teenagers?”)
Those are without question the most common responses I get, ignoring the really horrible ........ Read more »
McLean, S., Paxton, S., & Wertheim, E. (2010) Factors associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in women in midlife. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(6), 527-536. DOI: 10.1002/eat.20737
- June 20, 2014
- 12:07 PM
- 580 views
Maternal Smoking and Child Conduct Disorder Risk
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
Conduct disorder is a serious behavioral disorder of childhood characterized by aggression, destruction of property, lying, theft and violation of rules.A significant number of children with conduct disorder go on to adult antisocial personality disorder.Conduct disorder is known to have genetic as well as environmental risk factors.Darya Gaysina from the United Kingdom and colleagues recently published a review of maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring conduct problems.This review exam........ Read more »
Gaysina D, Fergusson DM, Leve LD, Horwood J, Reiss D, Shaw DS, Elam KK, Natsuaki MN, Neiderhiser JM, & Harold GT. (2013) Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring conduct problems: evidence from 3 independent genetically sensitive research designs. JAMA psychiatry, 70(9), 956-63. PMID: 23884431
Cadoret RJ, Yates WR, Troughton E, Woodworth G, & Stewart MA. (1995) Genetic-environmental interaction in the genesis of aggressivity and conduct disorders. Archives of general psychiatry, 52(11), 916-24. PMID: 7487340
- June 16, 2014
- 09:48 PM
- 942 views
There Was No Couch: On Mental Illness and Creativity
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
A study of the prevalence of mental illness published in the Archives of General Psychiatry in 2005 estimated that roughly half of all Americans will have been diagnosed with a mental illness by time they reach the age of 75. This estimate was based on the DSM-IV criteria for mental illness, but the newer DSM-V manual will be released in 2013 and is likely to further expand the diagnosis of mental illness. The DSM-IV criteria had made allowance for bereavement to avoid diagnosing people who were........ Read more »
Kyaga, S., Landén, M., Boman, M., Hultman, C., Långström, N., & Lichtenstein, P. (2013) Mental illness, suicide and creativity: 40-Year prospective total population study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 47(1), 83-90. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.09.010
- June 16, 2014
- 01:38 PM
- 1,498 views
Does Reading ‘Moral’ Stories to Children Promote Honesty?
by Jalees Rehman in The Next Regeneration
All over the world, young children are exposed to classic fairy tales, myths and other stories. Most kids love hearing the stories, but in addition to being a fun activity, story-telling is also thought of as an educational tool which can promote moral reasoning and honesty. Conventional wisdom suggests that hearing fairy tales in which dishonest protagonists are punished might help convince the listeners to become truth-tellers. There is surprisingly little scientific data to back up this conve........ Read more »
Lee K, Talwar V, McCarthy A, Ross I, Evans A, & Arruda C. (2014) Can Classic Moral Stories Promote Honesty in Children?. Psychological science. PMID: 24928424
- June 13, 2014
- 07:22 AM
- 623 views
EATING DISORDERS: HOW DIETING BECOMES DANGEROUS
by Emily Lawson in Antisense Science
Eating disorders are a big problem among young women (and to a lesser extent, men and older women) and the social stigma around conditions like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can prevent people from seeking treatment. Magazines and newspapers are full of stories featuring pictures of actresses and models with jutting hip bones and visible ribs, accompanied by captions proclaiming them to be ‘shockingly thin’ and suggesting they ‘eat a few cheeseburgers’. What they d........ Read more »
Janet Treasure, Angélica M Claudino, & Nancy Zucker. (2010) Eating disorders. The Lancet. info:/
Fairburn, C., & Harrison, P. (2003) Eating disorders. The Lancet, 361(9355), 407-416. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12378-1
- June 11, 2014
- 07:56 PM
- 548 views
Of Family Dynamics and Eating Disorders: Parents’ Experiences of Skills-Based Training
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
Parents of children with eating disorders face an extraordinarily difficult challenge; the work that they put into caring for their loved ones cannot be discounted. This can be especially challenging in the face of a social environment that tends toward parent-blaming for disorders. Further, the kinds of behaviors caregivers are obliged to encourage in the individual with an eating disorder (for example, eating calorically-dense foods in order to gain weight) are frowned upon, to say the l........ Read more »
Goodier GH, McCormack J, Egan SJ, Watson HJ, Hoiles KJ, Todd G, & Treasure JL. (2014) Parent skills training treatment for parents of children and adolescents with eating disorders: a qualitative study. The International journal of eating disorders, 47(4), 368-75. PMID: 24843891
- June 5, 2014
- 09:00 AM
- 1,227 views
“Out, Damned Spot!”: Obsessive-Like Behavior Linked to Specific Type of Guilt
by amikulak in Daily Observations
If you’ve ever watched the T.V. show Monk, you know that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by a fixation on certain thoughts and a need to engage in repetitive behaviors, […]... Read more »
D'Olimpio, F., & Mancini, F. (2014) Role of Deontological Guilt in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder-Like Checking and Washing Behaviors. Clinical Psychological Science. DOI: 10.1177/2167702614529549
- June 4, 2014
- 04:18 PM
- 619 views
Walking a Mile in Your Shoes: Treating Eating Disorders with a Personal History of Eating Problems
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
A big topic at ICED, and one that seems to continually resurface, is treatment professionals in recovery. One the one hand, many see healthcare professionals with a history of eating disorders as possessing a kind of empathy that may be inaccessible to those who have not “been there.” On the other, some argue that this history complicates the patient-professional relationship in potentially detrimental ways.
You’ll find proponents of both sides of this debate from both professional a........ Read more »
Warren CS, Schafer KJ, Crowley ME, & Olivardia R. (2013) Treatment providers with a personal history of eating pathology: a qualitative examination of common experiences. Eating disorders, 21(4), 295-309. PMID: 23767671
- June 4, 2014
- 09:45 AM
- 1,268 views
Spirituality May Help Buffer New Mothers Against Postpartum Depression
by amikulak in Daily Observations
While the birth of a new baby is usually an exciting time for parents, for half a million American mothers each year, childbirth is followed by the onset of postpartum […]... Read more »
Cheadle, A., Dunkel Schetter, C., Gaines Lanzi, R., Reed Vance, M., Sahadeo, L., Shalowitz, M., , ., Vance, M., Minkovitz, C., O'Campo, P.... (2014) Spiritual and Religious Resources in African American Women: Protection From Depressive Symptoms After Childbirth. Clinical Psychological Science. DOI: 10.1177/2167702614531581
- June 3, 2014
- 07:15 PM
- 648 views
Detox is not enough
by DJMac in Recovery Review
One of the problems with treatment outcome research is that it’s typically not really recovery research. Often treatment outcome studies for opiate addiction will focus on opioid replacement, measuring reduction of harms over time using baseline measurements against eventual outcomes. If they compare treatment types then ORT is often compared against detox, which is arguably [...]
The post Detox is not enough appeared first on Recovery Review.
... Read more »
Smyth BP, Barry J, Keenan E, & Ducray K. (2010) Lapse and relapse following inpatient treatment of opiate dependence. Irish medical journal, 103(6), 176-9. PMID: 20669601
SMYTH, B. (2005) In-patient treatment of opiate dependence: medium-term follow-up outcomes. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(4), 360-365. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.187.4.360
- June 2, 2014
- 04:00 AM
- 785 views
Moderate drinking or abstinence for alcoholics?
by DJMac in Recovery Review
There is evidence that treatment seekers favour abstinence when they come for help, but what does abstinence offer in terms of quality of life (QOL), compared to continued heavy drinking or moderate drinking? My own experience is that many dependent drinkers will first seek to try out controlled drinking. However some have already realised that [...]
The post Moderate drinking or abstinence for alcoholics? appeared first on Recovery Review.
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Daeppen, J., Faouzi, M., Sanchez, N., Rahhali, N., Bineau, S., & Bertholet, N. (2014) Quality of Life Depends on the Drinking Pattern in Alcohol-Dependent Patients. Alcohol and Alcoholism. DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu027
- June 1, 2014
- 07:59 AM
- 804 views
Feeling Mighty Unreal: Derealization in Kleine-Levin Syndrome
by The Neurocritic in The Neurocritic
I went on this trip once, back to my hometown after a long absence. Have you ever felt that your surroundings seem odd and distant, and that you're completely detached from them? That the things and places around you aren't real? This can happen to me, on occasion.It did on this trip, perhaps because I've dreamed about those places so many times that the real places and the dream places are blurred in memory.Of course time marches on. The stores in the strip mall have changed, and you go to Star........ Read more »
Arnulf, I., Rico, T., & Mignot, E. (2012) Diagnosis, disease course, and management of patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome. The Lancet Neurology, 11(10), 918-928. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70187-4
Kas, A., Lavault, S., Habert, M., & Arnulf, I. (2014) Feeling unreal: a functional imaging study in patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome. Brain. DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu112
- May 30, 2014
- 05:40 PM
- 959 views
Should Doctors ‘Google’ Their Patients?
by Jalees Rehman in Fragments of Truth
Beware of what you share. Employers now routinely utilize internet search engines or social network searches to obtain information about job applicants. A survey of 2,184 hiring managers and human resource professionals conducted by the online employment website CareerBuilder.com revealed that 39% use social networking sites to research job candidates. Of the group who used social networks to evaluate job applicants, 43% found content on a social networking site that caused them to not hire a ca........ Read more »
Volpe R, Blackall G, & Green M. (2013) Case study. Googling a patient. Commentary. The Hastings Center report, 43(5), 14-5. PMID: 24092585
DiLillo, D., & Gale, E. (2011) To Google or not to Google: Graduate students' use of the Internet to access personal information about clients. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 5(3), 160-166. DOI: 10.1037/a0024441
- May 28, 2014
- 11:32 AM
- 726 views
Physical Abnormalities in Adults with Autism Spectrum
by William Yates, M.D. in Brain Posts
In a previous post, I reviewed a study of minor physical abnormalities in a group of children with autism.This study found that children with autism were more likely to show a variety of physical features including a gap between the large and second toe, facial asymmetry, a high arched palate and attached ear lobes.A more recent Swedish study has been published examining physical features of adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).In this study, Irina Manouilenko and colleagues used a scale t........ Read more »
Manouilenko I, Eriksson JM, Humble MB, & Bejerot S. (2014) Minor physical anomalies in adults with autism spectrum disorder and healthy controls. Autism research and treatment, 743482. PMID: 24782925
- May 26, 2014
- 03:00 AM
- 665 views
Legal high problems – time to wake up
by DJMac in Recovery Review
Legal high problems Legal highs, or novel psychoactive substances (NPS), have been causing unusual presentations at A&E (Emergency Room) departments in European cities. Because these are relatively new drugs, doctors and other healthcare professionals are not always familiar with them. They are not easy to test for either, requiring specialist forensic laboratories in the main. [...]
The post Legal high problems - time to wake up appeared first on Recovery Review.
... Read more »
Hohmann N, Mikus G, & Czock D. (2014) Effects and risks associated with novel psychoactive substances: mislabeling and sale as bath salts, spice, and research chemicals. Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 111(9), 139-47. PMID: 24661585
- May 24, 2014
- 04:49 PM
- 880 views
Gendering the Pro-Anorexia Paradox: Men in Pro-Ana Spaces
by Andrea in Science of Eating Disorders
When someone says “pro-ana,” what comes to mind? Likely, given the strong reactions pro-anorexia websites provoke, you may be able to conjure up an image of what would take place in such a forum. Thoughts of “thinspiration,” emaciated and waif-like images, and starving tips likely spring to mind, alongside considerations of the dangers of a community that would encourage behaviors that can be very harmful to health.
I’d venture to say that it is unlikely that you have pictured a ........ Read more »
Wooldridge, T., Mok, C., & Chiu, S. (2014) Content analysis of male participation in pro-eating disorder web sites. Eating Disorders, 22(2), 97-110. PMID: 24359281
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